BIPIKICHALA BYA BANTU BA KALA
Mizhilo Yaabenye Ntanda
Christopher Columbus byo abwelele kufuma pa lwendo lwanji lutanshi lwa kwendela byalo bya ku America mu 1493, bamfumu ba ku Spain ne ku Portugal bapusenejilemo pa wafwainwe kutangijilanga bya busulu ne kulama byalo byo bataaine. Bamfumu ba ku Spain bayile na kwisamba ne papa Alexander 6 kuba’mba ebakwashe kupwisha luno lukatazho.
BAMFUMU NE BA PAPA BAABENYE NTANDA
Kyalo kya Spain ne Portugal kubikapotu ne ba papa, batambwile ano mapunzha o baabenye. Mu 1455, Papa Nicholas 5 wapeele luusa bena Portugal lwa kwendela byalo ne makuji aji ku kitulu kya kalunga ka Atlantic ku Africa ne kwangata bintu byonse byo bataaineko. Mu 1479 mu lumvwañano lwajinga pakachi ka Afonso 5 wa ku kyalo kya Portugal ne mwananji wa mulume aye Prince John lutelwa’mba Treaty of Alcáçovas wapele luusa Ferdinand ne Isabella ba ku kyalo kya Spain kulamanga makuji a Canary. Kyalo kya Spain akyo kyapele luusa bena Portugal lwa kuba busulu na bena Africa ne kulama makuji a Azores, Cape Verde, ne Madeira. Byo papichile myaka ibiji, Papa Sixtus 4 waswishishe byo baumvwañene, ne kwamba kuba’mba byonse byo bakataana ku bulenge ne ku musela wa makuji a Canary bikekala bya bena Portugal.
Pano bino, John, watendekele kutelwa’mba John 2 wa ku Portugal, waambile’mba byalo byatulukile Columbus bikekala bya bena Portugal. Bamfumu ba ku Spain kechi bajingapo na kyalo kikwabo kyo balaminenga ne, onkao mambo, balombele papa waswainepo aye Alexander 6 kwibapa luusa lwa kulama byalo byatulukile Columbus ne kutwalamo bwina Kilishitu.
Kwingijishatu kinembesho, Papa Alexander 6 waabenye ntanda
Onkao mambo, Alexander walengele mizhilo isatu ya kumwesha’mba waswisha kino. Muzhilo mutanshi wajinga wa kuba’mba “na luusa lwa Lesa wa Bulume Bonse,” napana byalo byo batuluka katataka ku bena Spain kuba’mba
bebilamenga. Wa bubiji wachibile mupaka kufuma ku buyeke kufika ku bulenge, kupita ku muzhika wa makuji a Cape Verde palepele makilomita 560. Alexander waambile’mba byalo byonse byo batulukile nangwa byo bafwainwe kutuluka pa kupitapo kimye, biji ku muzhika wa uno mupaka, bikekala bya kyalo kya Spain. Kwingijishatu kinembesho, papa waabenye ntanda. Muzhilo wanji wa busatu walengejile kunungako byalo byo apeele bena Spain kuya ja ku musela kukafika ne ku India. Kino kyalengejile Mfumu aye John kuzhingila, mambo bangikazhi banji popo batatwiletu kulama byalo bichechetu biji kwapela Africa, ne ku Kalunga ka Indian.MUPAKA WA NTANDA WA KATATAKA
Byo abujile kumvwañana ne Alexander, * John wisambile ne Ferdinand ne Isabella. Nembi wa mabuku aye William Bernstein waambile’mba: “Bamfumu ba ku Spain, byo bamwene’mba bena Portugal bazhingila, kabiji ne kuba’mba batele bingi muchima pa kulama byalo bya ku America, bakebelenga kumvwañana bulongo. Onkao mambo, mu mwaka wa 1494, bafwachikile lumvwañano ne kwilutumba jizhina ja taunyi wa bena Spain mwaikejile ino misambo amba Tordesillas.
Mu lumvwañano lwa mu Tordesillas, balondejile mupaka wachibile Alexander kufuma ku buyeke kufika ku bulenge. Pano bino, uno mupaka bamufwenyenyeko pacheche kuya ku muzhika palepele makilomita 1,480. Onkao mambo, byalo byonse bya mu Africa ne ku Asia “byaikele” bya bena Portugal; byalo bya ku America byaikele bya bena Spain. Pano bino, kufwenya mupaka kumutwalako ku muzhika kwalengejile kutuluka ne kyalo kikwabo kitelwa luno amba Brazil ne kutendeka kwikilama ku bena Portugal.
Mizhilo yaswishishe kyalo kya Spain ne Portugal kulama byalo byo batulukile, yalengejile kwichila mashi a bantu bavula bingi. Ino mizhilo yafumishepo luusa lwa bantu baikalanga mu bino byalo, kwibamanyika ne kwibanyanchijila. Kabiji yalengejile bino byalo kwikala na makondo na mambo a kukeba kwilama bene ne kukasuluka ku byalo bibalamanga.
^ par. 9 Pa kuba’mba muyukilepo byavula pa uno papa waya bingi nkuwa mu bya mazhikakanwa, monai mutwe wa kuba’mba “Alexander 6 Papa Uo Abena Roma Bashalaba,” mu Kyamba kya Usopa kya Kibemba kya June 15, 2003, mapa 26-29.