Yai panembwa’mba bijipo

Yai paji ndonda ya mitwe

BIPIKICHALA BYA BANTU BA KALA

Alhazen

Alhazen

KAMPE mukyangye kumvwapo muntu wa jizhina ja Abū ‘Alī al-Ḥasan ibn al-Haytham. Ku byalo bya ku muzhika uno mwanamulume bamuyuka’mba Alhazen, jizhina ja Kilatini jo batela mu Kialabya amba al-Hasan. Nangwa kya kuba kechi mwamuyuka ne, twakonsha kumwenamo mu mingilo yo aingijile. Bantu bamuyuka’mba “wajinga shenyenye mu bya sayansi.”

Alhazen wasemenwe mu Basra, kyalo kyo batela luno amba Iraq nobe mu 965 C.E. Wafunjilenga pa tubangabanga, sayansi, nsamushi, bya michi, nyimbo, pa lukatazho lwa meso ne bya mashimikila. Ñanyi bintu byaubile Alhazen bitulengela kumusanchila?

WAPOYILE KIZHIBA KU MUKOLA WA NILE

Alhazen waya bingi nkuwa na bintu byo aubile. Wakebelenga kwalulula mema kufuma mu Mukola wa Nile nobe myaka 1,000 saka akyangye kutendeka mwingilo wanji mu muzhi wa Aswân mu 1902.

Alhazen wanengezhezhe byafwainwe kuba bantu inge kwaikala muyulo ne kyashi mu Egypt byo apoyile kizhiba ku mukola wa Nile. Ndamakyalo wa ku Cairo aye Caliph al-Hakim byo aumvwine kuba’mba Alhazen ubena kupoya kizhiba, wamwichile ku Egypt kuba’mba akapoye kizhiba. Bino byo afikile ne kumona mukola, Alhazen wamwene kuba’mba uno mwingilo wabayile bingi kabiji kechi wakonsheshe kumwingila ne. Na mambo a kuchiina kumukambula ku uno ndamakyalo wakanamine, Alhazen wibepekezhe kukonya pa kuba’mba babule kumwipaya kufikatu ne kimye kyafwile uno ndamakyalo mu 1021 saka papita ne myaka 11. Bino pa kikye kimye, Alhazen waingijilengako mingilo ikwabo, byo bamulamijile mu kibamba na mambo a kwibepekezha kukonya.

BUKU WAAMBA PA KULENGA MAKALASHI A PA MESO

Byo afumine mu kipatela, Alhazen wanembele buku wa butanu na bubiji wa kuba’mba Book of Optics kabiji bamumwenenga’mba “buku wawama bingi waamba pa bya sayansi.” Mu uno buku walumbulwilemo bintu byavula bingi nabiji bilengwa kyeya, misombelo imweka mu kyeya ne bimweka inge kyeya kyapita mu makalashi. Kabiji wafunjile pa byo tuyuka kintu kyo twamona, biji mubiji wa bantu ne wa banyama ne bingila meso.

Mu myaka kitota kya bu 13, bintu byanembele Alhazen bebituntulwile kufuma mu Kialabya kutwala mu Kilatini kabiji byo papichile myaka yavula, bashayuka ba mu byalo bya ku Europe banemekele byo anembele. Bintu byanembele Alhazen pa bingila makalashi byakwashishe bantu bekala mu byalo bya ku Europe kulenga makalashi. Kino kibalengejile kulenga telesikopo ne kiñambañamba kya kumwenako tubintu tucheche.

KULENGA KAMELA

Alhazen wafunjile ne pa bingila kiñambañamba kya kukopelako bipikichala byo alengele kamela. Washimikile kakibamba mwafiita mwa kukopela bipikichala kabiji wasabile pamo patwelelanga kyeya pa kuba’mba byo abena kukeba kukopa biji pangye bimwekele pa kisapi mu kazubo ko ashimikile.

Alhazen washimikile kazubo mo alengejile kiñambañamba kyapasha kamela

Mu ma 1800, bintu byo akopele wibiletele mu kazubo ko ashimikile pa kuba’mba akope bipikichala. Ñanyi bintu byafuminemo? Walengele kamela. Makamela engijisha bantu lelo jino kubikapotu ne bingila meso bipasha bingi na bingila kamela pa kukopa kintu. *

KWINGIJISHA MASHINDA A BA SAYANSI

Mwingilo mukwabo waingijile Alhazen ke kufunda pa bya sayansi. Bintu byo afunjile bavula kechi bebiyukile pa kyokya kimye ne. Alhazen ye wajinga mutanshi kufunda bintu byapusana pusana byo apiminepiminenga bintu. Kabiji kechi wachiinenga kulumbulula bintu byayukile bantu inge kechi kwajinga bishinka byamwesheshenga amba bya kine ne.

Onkao mambo, inge tubena kukeba kufunda pa bya sayansi twafwainwa kwingijisha byambo bya kuba’mba: “Wafwainwa kuyuka bishinka pa bintu byo wayuka.” Bantu bavula batela Alhazen kuba’mba “wajinga shenyenye mu bya sayansi.” Onkao mambo, twafwainwa kumusanchila bingi pa mingilo yonse yo aingijile.

^ jifu. 13 Bantu kechi bayukile bingila kamela ne jiso ja muntu ne. Bino bayukile kwipasha kujipo kimye Johannes Kepler byo alumbulwile byo bingila mu myaka kitota kya bu 17.