ÑANYI bintu biya mu milanguluko yenu umvwe mwaumvwa’mba kyala? Kampe mulanguluka’mba ke mpunzha ya busaji paji bwema bwatama. Onkao mambo, kechi mwakonsha kuketekela kutanapo kintu kya buneme ne.

Pano bino, pa myaka kitota yapitapo, bataaine kya buneme pa mpunzha ya uno mutundu. Kino kya buneme kechi kyajinga kya bunonshi ne, bino ke kintu kyakila pa bunonshi. Ñanyi kya buneme kyo bataaine? Kutaana kino kya buneme kwanema byepi kwi atweba lelo jino?

Ku ntendekelo ya myaka kitota kya bu 20, Bernard P. Grenfell ne Arthur S. Hunt bashayuka ba pa Oxford Univesiti bayile na kufwakasha ku Ijipita. Pa kyala kiji kwipi na Musanza wa Nile, bataineko bipimvwa byavula bya mambanga. Palutwe kacheche mu 1920, kimye bakwabo babiji kyo babungizhenga bintu byo bataaine, Grenfell wataaine bipimvwa bikwabo byo bazhikwile mu Ijipita. Wasendele bino bipimvwa ne kwibitwala mu Butala bwa Mabuku butelwa’mba John Rylands buji mu Manchester ku England. Nangwa byonkabyo, bano banabalume babiji bafwile saka bakyangye kupwisha mwingilo wa kubungizha bintu byo bataaine.

Shayuka mukwabo wa pa Oxford Univesiti aye Colin H. Roberts ye wapwishishe uno mwingilo. Byo asalululwilenga bipimvwa, watainepo kipimvwa kya mambanga kyajinga na masentimita 9 x 6. Wakuminye bingi pa kutaana’mba byambo bya Kingiliki byajingapo wibiyukile. Ku lubaji lumo, kwajinga byambo byafuma mu Yoano 18:31-33. Ku lubaji lukwabo, kwajinga bya mu kyepelo 37 ne 38. Roberts wayukile amba wataana kya buneme.

Roberts walangulukilenga’mba ano mambanga afwainwa a kala bingi. Pano aikele myaka inga? Pa kuba’mba ayuke, waesakenye nembelo yajingamo ku ma manyusikilipiti akwabo a kala, kwingijisha jishinda jo bengijisha pa kuyuka byanembwa bya kala, (paleography). * Wafwanyikizhe myaka yapichilepo kwingijisha jino jishinda. Pano bino, wakebelenga kuyuka ine myaka yapichilepo. Onkao mambo, wakopele kino kipimvwa ne kutuma bipikichala ku bashayuka basatu bafunda bya manyusikilipiti anembwa pa mambanga ne kwibepuzha amba bataane myaka yaikala kino kipimvwa. Bano bashayuka baambilepo amba ka?

Kupichila mu kupesapesa uno manyusikilipiti ne bisopelo, bano bashayuka bonse basatu baswile amba kino kipimvwa kyanembelwe ku ntendekelo ya myaka kitota kya bubiji C.E.—byo papichiletu myaka icheche panyuma ya lufu lwa mutumwa Yoano! Pano bino, luno lufunjisho, (Paleography) kechi jo jishinda ja kuyukilamo myaka yaikala manyusikilipiti ne, kabiji shayuka mukwabo waambile’mba uno manyusikilipiti wafwainwa wanembelwe mu mwaka uji yense mu myaka kitota kya bubiji. Pano bino, kano ka kipimvwa kacheche ka mambanga, ko ka kipimvwa ka Binembelo bya Bwina Kilishitu bya Kingiliki kanembelwe kala kukila ma manyusikilipiti onse.

Mambo ka kino kipimvwa kya Mambo Awama a kwa Yoano o kyanemena ku bantu batemwa Baibolo lelo jino? Ke na mambo a bintu bibiji. Kitanshi, nembelo ya kino kipimvwa itulengela kuyuka bena Kilishitu batanshi byo banemekele Binembelo.

 Mu myaka kitota kya bubiji C.E., byambo bebinembanga mu muvungilo ne mu codex. Ino mivungilo yajinga bipimvwa bya mambanga nangwa biseba byo balamankenye pamo pa kuba’mba bikale kipimvwa kimo kyaleepa. Kino kipimvwa kyaleepa bekivunganga nangwa kwikivungulula inge ke bakebe kwikingijisha. Javula banembangatu ku lubaji lumo lwa muvungilo.

Nangwa byonkabyo, ka kipimvwa kacheche kataaine Roberts bekanembele konse kubiji. Kino kibena kulumbulula’mba kafumine mu codex kechi mu muvungilo ne. Uno codex bamulengele kwingijisha bipimvwa bya biseba nangwa mambanga o balamankanya pamo ne kwiavunga nobe buku.

Codex wawamine byepi kukila muvungilo? Bena Kilishitu batanshi bajinga basapwishi. (Mateo 24:14; 28:19, 20) Basapwilanga byambo bya mu Baibolo konse ko batananga bantu, mu mazubo, pa bisankanyi ne mu mikwakwa. (Byubilo 5:42; 17:17; 20:20) Onkao mambo, kwikala na Binembelo byavula byanembwa pa ka kipimvwa kacheche kwibakwashanga.

Bantu ne bipwilo kibapeelejile kwikopolwela Binembelo kufuma mu Codex. Onkao mambo, Mambo Awama beakopolwele bingi kabiji kino kyalengejile bwina Kilishitu kukoma bukiji.

Kya bubiji, kipimvwa kya mu Rylands kyanema bingi kwi atweba lelo jino, mambo kyamwesha’mba binembelo bitanshi bya mu Baibolo bebituntulula byonka byo byajinga kala. Nangwa kya kuba kino kipimvwa kijitu na byepelo bicheche byafuma mu Mambo Awama a kwa Yoano, bijimo byaesakana na byo tutanga lelo jino mu ma Baibolo etu. Onkao mambo, kipimvwa kya mu Rylands kimwesha’mba Baibolo kechi bamupimpula nangwa kya kuba bamukopolola bimye byavula ne.

Kabiji kipimvwa kya mu Rylands kya Mambo Awama a kwa Yoano, kiji pa bipimvwa byavula ne ma manyusikilipiti amwesha’mba byambo bitanshi byajinga mu Baibolo byo bijimo ne lelo jino. Mu buku wanembele Werner Keller wa kuba’mba, The Bible as History, waambile’mba: “Ano ma [manyusikilipiti] a kala apwisha luzhinauko pa mambo a bukine bwa byambo biji mu Baibolo lelo jino.”

Ibyo kuba’mba bena Kilishitu kechi baketekela mu bya kupoyapoya byo bataaine ne. Baketekela kuba’mba “Binembelo byonse byanembelwe na lutangijilo lwa mupashi wa Lesa.” (2 Timoti 3:16) Nangwa byonkabyo, kitutekenesha bingi pa kutaana bya buneme bimwesha’mba Baibolo waamba kishinka amba: “Byambo bya Yehoba bikala myaka ne myaka”!—1 Petelo 1:25.