Byaubile ba Huldrych Zwingli pa Kukeba Bukine bwa mu Baibolo
Lelo jino, bantu batemwa bupopweshi babena kukebakeba inge bintu byo baitabilamo byo bifunjisha Baibolo nangwa ne. Pakuba kechi byo byo kyajinga ku ntendekelo ya mu 1500 ne. Mambo ka? Kyajinga bino mambo bantu kechi bajinga na Baibolo wa mu mulaka wabo ne. Na mambo a luno lukatazho, bantu bayanga mu machechi baesakanyanga ku byafunjishanga bupopweshi na byaamba Baibolo. Bantangi ba bupopweshi bakankelwe kukwasha bantu kuyuka bukine. Buku wa History of the Christian Church waamba’mba: “Machechi a mu kyalo kya Switzerland muji bantangi batemwa bingi mazhikakanwa, batemwa kuba bingelekezha ne kuba bulalelale.”
Akino kyo kimye ba Huldrych Zwingli kyo batendekele kukeba kufunda bukine bwa mu Baibolo. Ñanyi bintu byo bataaine? Baubile byepi pa kuba’mba babuuleko bakwabo bintu byo bafunjilenga? Kabiji tubena kufunjilako ka ku byo baubile ne byo bashiinwe mu bintu byo baitabijilemo?
Ba Zwingli Batendekele Kukeba Bukine
Byo bajingatu banyike, ba Zwingli bakebeshe bingi kwikala pulishiti wa Bakatolika. Pa kyokya kimye, yense wakebelenga kwikala pulishiti, ba Zwingli bakebewenga kufunda buntemwamaana bwa bantu, bintu bifunjisha machechi ne byanembele bantangi ba machechi bo batelanga’mba “ba Tata” bino kechi byaamba Baibolo ne.
Pano ba Zwingli baubile byepi pa kuba’mba bataane bukine? Byo bajinga pa sukulu mukatampe wa Basel mu kyalo kya Switzerland, bataainweko ku byafunjishenga ba Thomas Wyttenbach balengulwile bingi bintu byaubanga ne byafunjishanga machechi kuba’mba inge muntu walenga mambo wafwainwa kupana mali pa kuba’mba bamulekeleko mambo. a Mwanamulume umo unemba pa bwikalo bwa bantu, wanembele’mba ba Zwingli “bebafunjishe [ku ba Wyttenbach] kuba’mba Kilishitu witufwijile jimotu na mambo a bundengamambo.” (1 Petelo 3:18) Ba Zwingli byo bayukile kuba’mba bukuzhi bwa kwa Yesu bo bonkatu bulengela mambo etu kulekelwa, batendekele kukana lufunjisho lwa kuba’mba bantangi ba machechi bo balekelangako mambo muntu inge wapana mali. (Byubilo 8:20) Nangwa byonkabyo, ba Zwingli batwajijile kufunda kabiji baikele ntangi mu chechi wa Bakatolika saka baji na myaka 22.
Ba Zwingli byo bajinga na myaka ya mu ma 20, befunjishe bene mulaka wa Kingiliki pa kuba’mba batangenga bulongo Binembelo bitelwa javula kuba’mba Binembelo bya Lulayañano Lupya mu mulaka mwine ye bebinembejilemo. Ba Zwingli batangile ne byanembele ba Erasmus kabiji bafunjile kuba’mba Yesu ye yenkatu ñambi uji pakachi ka Lesa ne bantu, byonkatu byaamba Baibolo. (1 Timoti 2:5) Na mambo akino, ba Zwingli batendekele kuzhinauka byafunjishanga chechi wa Bakatolika kuba’mba bantu bazhijikwa nabo betwambilako kwi Lesa.
Ba Zwingli batendekele kukebesha bukine kimye kyo bajinga na myaka ya mu ma 30. Nangwa byonkabyo, baikele bantangi ba bupopweshi batangijilenga bashilikale bena Italy balwilenga makondo avula mu Europe. Mu 1515, kimye kyo balwilenga nkondo mu Marignano, ba Zwingli bamwene Bakatolika na kwipaya Bakatolika bakwabo bavula. Byo papichile myaka icheche, ba Zwingli bakopolwele na maboko Binembelo bya Kingiliki byavula ne kwibilabijila. Mu 1519, batendekele kwikala mu Zurich, mpunzha yatangijilwanga na bamulwila ntanda ba mu Switzerland. Akuno koko bafunjijile kuba’mba bupopweshi kechi bwafwainwa kufunjishanga bintu byabula mu Binembelo ne. Pano bafwainwe kukwasha byepi bakwabo kuswa kino kishinka?
“Tukyangye Kumvwapo Bintu bya uno Mutundu”
Ba Zwingli baketekejile kuba’mba bantu bakakananga mafunjisho a bupopweshi a bubela inge baumvwa bukine buji mu Baibolo. Onkao mambo, byo bebatongwele kwikala ntangi mu chechi wayile nkuwa mu Zurich wa Grossmünster, batendekele kusapwila bintu byabulanga kwikala pa mutanchi: Balekele kulondela mutanchi wa binembelo bya pa mwaka pa mwaka byo banembanga mu buku wa Kilatini wa kuba’mba lectionary b walondelanga bantangi ba bupopweshi pa myaka yavula. Pakuba abo batendekele kufunjisha Mambo Awama aji mu Baibolo kitango pa kitango, kufuma kwatendekela Baibolo kufika ku mpelo. Kechi baambilanga bantangi ba bupopweshi bo batelanga’mba ba Tata kulumbulula Binembelo ne. Pakuba baingijisha Binembelo kulumbululwilamo Binembelo bikwabo. Baingijishanga Binembelo byapeela kumvwa kulumbulwilamo Binembelo byakatazha.—2 Timoti 3:16.
Byo basapwilanga, ba Zwingli bakwashanga bantu kuyuka kuba’mba Baibolo wafwainwa kukwasha bantu mu bwikalo bwabo. Bafunjishanga byaamba Baibolo pa bulalelale ne pa byubilotu bikwabo byatama. Basapwilanga bantu kuba’mba kyatama kupopwela Maliya inanji Yesu, kulomba ku bantu bazhijikwa, kupana mali kuba’mba muntu alekelwe mambo ne pa bulalelale bwaubanga bantangi ba bupopweshi. Pano bantu baubanga byepi pa kumvwa bino? Byo bapwishishetu kwamba jashi jitanshi, bantu bamo baambile’mba: “Tukyangye kumvwapo bintu bya uno mutundu.” Shayuka umo wanembele pa Bakatolika batelekelenga byasapwijilenga ba Zwingli kuba’mba: “Bantu balekele kuya ku chechi na mambo a byubilo bya bunya ne bulalelale byaubanga bantangi ba bupopweshi, babwelele.”
Mu 1522, bantangi ba bupopweshi baambijile bamulwila ntanda ba mu Zurich kukanya bantu batendekele kulengulula byafunjishanga bupopweshi. Na mambo akino, ba Zwingli bebapeelemo mambo a kulengulula byafunjishanga Bakatolika. Byo bakaine kusankilapo bintu byo baitabijilemo, bafumine pa kifulo kya buntangi mu Katolika.
Ñanyi Bintu Byatendekele Kuba ba Zwingli?
Ba Zwingli byo balekele kwikala ntangi wa bupopweshi, batwajijile kusapwila, ne kukwasha bantu kwitabila bintu byo baitabijilemo. Bantu bavula bebayukile bingi na mambo a kusapwila, kino kyalengejile bamulwila ntanda ba mu Zurich kukebesha kuteleka ku byo basapwilanga. Na mambo akino, baambijile kafulumende kupimpulako mizhilo ya bupopweshi mu Zurich. Onkao mambo, mu 1523, ba Zwingli baambijile bamitonyi mu kije kya mambo kya mu Zurich kuba’mba bafwainwa kukanya muntu yense ukafunjishanga bintu byabula mu Binembelo. Mu 1524, ba Zwingli baambijile kije kukanya kupopwela bankishi. Bije byaambijile basapwishi ne bantutu bakwabo konauna bya kusokelapo bitapisho, bankishi, bipikichala ne bipashañano. Buku wa kuba’mba Zwingli—God’s Armed Prophet waambile’mba: “Kununga pa kwibebila bipe ku bantu batelwa’mba vikings, machechi a ku muzhika beonawijile ne bintu byavula bingi.” Mu 1525, ba Zwingli balengejile bakulumpe ba mukafulumende kwalula bishimikwa bya bupopweshi kwikala bipatela, ne kutundaika bantangi ba bupopweshi batelwanga’mba ba Tata ne ba Sisita kutendeka kusongola ne kusongolwa. Kabiji waambile’mba balondelenga byaamba Baibolo pa kuvuluka lufu lwa kwa Yesu. (1 Kolinda 11:23-25) Bashayuka bamba’mba byaubile ba Zwingli byalengejile bupopweshi bwa mu Zurich ne bamulwila ntanda kwingijila pamo. Kino kyalengejile bupopweshi bwa Polotesitanti kulengwa.
Mwingilo mukatampe waingijile ba Zwingli wajinga wa kutuntulula Baibolo. Mu ma 1520, ba Zwingli baingijile pamo na bashayuka kutuntulula Binembelo kufuma mu mulaka mwine wa Kihebelu ne Kingiliki, kuvwangakotu ne Baibolo wa Septuagint wa Kingiliki ne Latin Vulgate. Mashinda o baingijishe pa kutuntulula apeelele bingi. Batanganga byepelo mu mulaka mwine ne mu Mabaibolo akwabo atuntulwilwe bulongo. Kepo besambanga pa mwatala kyo kyo kyepelo ne kunemba byo bataana. Onkao mambo, mu 1531, balumbulwile ne kutuntulula lubaji lumo lwa Mambo a Lesa atelwa’mba Baibolo wa Zurich.
Nangwa kya kuba ba Zwingli bafunjishanga bya kine pano bino, kechi banemekele bintu byaitabijilemo bakwabo ne. Kabiji bakanamine bingi. Mu 1525, bevwangilemo mu kumanyika bantu bakananga amba baana balukeke kechi bafwainwa kwibabatizha ne. Bije byo byafuukulangapo kwipaya muntu yense wakananga kuswa kuba’mba balukeke bafwainwa kwibabatizha, ba Zwingli baswishanga byafuukulangapo kije. Kabiji batundaikanga bamulwila ntanda kwambila bashilikale kukanjikizha bantu kwitabila mu bintu byo bafunjishanga. Nangwa byonkabyo, Bakatolika bavula ba mu Switzerland bakaine. Akino kyaletele nkondo mu kyalo. Ba Zwingli bayijile pamo ku nkondo na bashilikale ba mu Zurich. Ba Zwingli bebepayile konka ku nkondo saka baji na myaka 47.
Byajinga Bwikalo bwa ba Zwingli
Ba Huldrych Zwingli baingijile mwingilo wanema, nangwa kya kuba kechi bayukanyikilwe byonka bayukanyikilwe ba Polotesitanti bakwabo abo ba Martin Luther ne ba John Calvin ne. Ba Zwingli bafumine mu Katolika kwa kubula kuzhinyazhinya kukila byaubile ba Luther. Byaubile Zwingli byalengejile bantu kuswa byafunjishanga ba Calvin. Na mambo akino, ba Zwingli batendekele kwibatela’mba Mwanamulume wa Busatu Kuleta Lupimpu.
Ba Zwingli baubile bintu byawama ne byatama. Pa kuba’mba basampanye bintu byo baitabijilemo, bepapikile na bamulwila ntanda ne kwivwanga mu nkondo. Akino kibalengejile kubula kulondela byaubanga Yesu Kilishitu, wakaine kwivwanga mu milukuchi ya ntanda kabiji wafunjishe baana banji ba bwanga kutemwa balwanyi babo ne kubula kwibepaya.—Mateo 5:43, 44; Yoano 6:14, 15.
Nangwa byonkabyo, ba Zwingli bebavuluka’mba bajinga bantu batemwa kufunda Baibolo ne kubuulako bakwabo bintu byo bafundanga. Bafunjile bukine bwavula bwa mu Baibolo kabiji bakwashishe bakwabo kuyuka buno bukine.
a Bantangi ba bupopweshi balengele muzhilo wa kuba’mba muntu yense walenga mambo, wafwainwa kupana mali pa kuba’mba mambo anji akepe nangwa bakabule kumumanyika inge wafwa.
b Mu buku utelwa’mba lectionary banembangamo byepelo bya mu Baibolo byo basalanga bya kutanga mu mwaka yense.