Ndaku munda

Ndaku ku tshikebelu

Mufikishi wa butoke mu matunga mavule

Mufikishi wa butoke mu matunga mavule

Malu a mu nsombelu

Mufikishi wa butoke mu matunga mavule

A GEORGE YOUNG MALONDA KUDI RUTH YOUNG NICHOLSON

“Bua tshinyi tudi bashale bapuwe nunku mu ekeleziya yetu? . . . Tuvua mua kuikala bantu ba mushindu kayi bu tuetu bashale bapuwe panyima pa tuetu bamane kujadika ne: malu andi mfunda aa mmalelela? Katushiyi bantu mu dipanga nansha, kadi tuyishayi bulelela katuyi bu bantu balomba luse anyi bayisha mu musokoko to.”

MÊYI aa avua mu mukanda wa mabeji 33 uvua Tatu mufundile bena ekeleziya uvuaye kumpala bua bakupule dîna diende ku mikanda yabu. Bavua mu tshidimu tshia 1913. Ne kubangila anu dîba adi, wakatuadija nsombelu mûle tente ne malu mimpe, wakamufikisha ku dikala mufikishi wa butoke mu matunga a bungi. (Filipoi 2:15) Kubangila pantshivua muana mukese, mvua ngenda nsangisha malu avua Tatu muenze avua balela betu bandondela ne avua mu mikanda ivua ne malu ende, ke balunda banyi kungambuluishabu bua kubumbakaja malu ende onso aa mu mukanda umue. Mu malu a bungi, nsombelu wa Tatu udi umvuluija uvua nende mupostolo Paulo. Anu bu Paulo uvua “mupostolo kudi bisamba bia bende,” Tatu kavua ujingakana bua kuya kamanyisha bantu ba matunga onso ne bidiila bionso mukenji wa Yehowa. (Lomo 11:13; Misambu 107:1-3) Ndi musue kuanji kunulondela malu a Tatu, uvua ne dîna ne: George Young.

Patshivuaye muana

Tatu uvua mukala wa ku bana ba balume ba John ne Margaret Young, bena Mishonyi ba mu ditunga dia Écosse. Bakamulela dia 8 Kabitende 1886 matuku makese panyima pa dîku diabu dimane kumbuka mu tshimenga tshia Édimbourg (mu Écosse), kuyabu mu provense wa Colombie-Britannique (ku Ouest kua ditunga dia Canada). Ba tutuende basatu: Alexander, John, ne Malcolm, bakabalelela buobu mu Écosse bidimu bikese kumpala. Marion, muakunyabu wa bakaji uvuabu binyike ne: Nellie bua mushindu uvuabu bamunange bikole, uvua mushadile kudi Tatu ku bidimu bibidi.

Bu muvuabu bakolela ku madimi mu tshimenga tshia Saanich, pabuipi ne tshimenga tshia Victoria (mu Colombie-Britannique), batatu bavua banaya patshivuabu bana. Tshine tshikondo atshi bavua balonga mua kuenza midimu. Nunku pavua baledi babu bafuma ku luendu ku Victoria, bavua babasangana bamane kujikija midimu ya kumbelu ne balongolole mu nzubu bimpe.

Pashishe, Tatu ne bakulu bende bakatuadija mudimu wa diumbula mabue a mushinga a muinshi mua buloba ne wa dienda mushinga wa mabaya. Bakamanyika bikole bua mudimu wabu wa dikeba mitshi ya kuenza mabaya, (bantu bavua bakeba muaba uvua mitshi ya kuenza mabaya) ne wa diasumba ne diapana. Tatu wakenza midimu ya dikeba makuta.

Pashishe, Tatu wakangata dipangadika dia kulua mukulu mu Mishonyi bualu uvua musue malu a mu nyuma bikole. Kadi, tshikondo atshi miyuki ivuabu bapatula mu bikandakanda ivua Charles Taze Russell (mulombodi wa kumpala wa Société Watch Tower) wenza yakalenga mutshima wende bikole menemene. Malu akalonga Tatu akamusaka bua kufunda mukanda (utudi batele ku ntuadijilu eu) wa dipatuka mu ekeleziya uvuaye.

Tatu wakafila mu buimpe mvese ya mu Bible mitokeshe bimpe bua kujadika muvua malongesha a ekeleziya au mikale a dishima, bu mudi dilongesha dia ne: anyima wa muntu katu ufua ne dia se: Nzambi neakengeshe anyima ya bantu kashidi mu inferno wa kadilu. Wakela kabidi dilongesha dia Busatu–Busantu patoke ne pashishe kulejaye ne: ki ndifumine kudi bena Kristo to, ne Bible kêna ulongesha bualu buadi nansha bumue to. Kubangila anu pinapu, Tatu wakatuadija mudimu wa buambi bua kulonda tshilejilu tshia Yezu Kristo, utumbisha Yehowa ne mamanya ne makanda ende onso mu budipuekeshi.

Mu 1917, Société Watch Tower wakateka Tatu mutambakanyi, ke muvuabu babikila batangidi bena ngendu ba Bantemu ba Yehowa tshikondo atshi. Wakenza miyuki mu bimenga bishilangane bia mu Canada, kulejaye filme ne bindidimbi bivuabu babikila ne: “Foto-Drama wa bufuki.” Nzubu ivuabu bamuena bindidimbi ivua ipata tente ne bantu pavua Tatu ulejamu bintu ebi. Ndongamu wa ngendu yende ya ditambakana wakatungunuka ne dipatuka mu Tshibumba tshia Nsentedi too ne mu 1921.

Tshimue tshikandakanda tshia mu tshimenga tshia Winnipeg tshiakamba ne: Muambi Young wakakula kumpala kua bantu 2 500, kadi bavule kabakapeta mushindu wa kubuelela munda mua nzubu bualu uvua mûle tente ne bantu. Mu tshimenga tshia Ottawa, wakenza muyuki uvua ne tshiena-bualu tshia se: “Dibuela ne dipatuka mu inferno.” Mukulakaje mukuabu wa mu Ottawa wakamba ne: “Pakajika muyuki au, George Young wakambila bampasata ba bungi bua kupitabu ku tshiakuidi bua kuyikilabu nende pa tshiena-bualu etshi, kadi mpasata nansha umue kakatuaku makasa. Nanku meme kumanya ne: ngapetshi bulelela.”

Tatu uvua wenza mudimu wa bungi wa malu a mu nyuma mu ngendu yende. Pashishe, bua kufika muaba mukuabu uvuaye mulongolole bua kuya, uvua wambuluja bua kupeta kawulu. Pavuaye uyaku ne mashinyi, misangu mivule uvua utukila pa dinda menemene kumpala kua bantu kabayi nansha banji kunua tshiayi. Pa kumbusha lukunukunu luvua Tatu nalu, uvua kabidi mumanyike bimpe bu muntu uvua uditeka pa muaba wa bakuabu, muena kalolo ne bienzedi bimpe bia bena Kristo.

Mu mpungilu mivule ya ntuadijilu yakabuela Tatu, mpungilu udi kayi kupua muoyo nguakenzekela mu tshimenga tshia Edmonton (mu Alberta) mu 1918. Bena mu dîku diabu bonso bavua bayamu bua kumona muvua muanabu Nellie utambula. Au ke uvua kabidi musangu wa ndekelu uvua bana babu ba balume bonso batuilangane kaba kamue. Panyima pa bidimu bibidi, Malcom wakafua disama dia bisulusulu. Yeye pende uvua ne ditekemena dia kupeta muoyo mu diulu anu muvua nadi bana babu bakuabu ba balume basatu ne tatuabu, ne buonso buabu bakashala balamate Nzambi too ne ku lufu.​—Filipoi 3:14.

Wakaya mu matunga a ku ba bende

Pakajikija Tatu diyisha mu Canada mujima mu Kabitende 1921, bakamutuma mu bidiila bia Caraïbes kudi Joseph F. Rutherford uvua mulombodi wa Société Watch Tower tshikondo atshi. Miaba yonso ivua Tatu uleja “Foto-Drama wa bufuki” bantu bavua banyisha bikole. Pavuaye mu Tshidiila tshia Trinité wakafunda ne: “Mu nzubu muvua mûle tente, ne bantu bapite bungi bakapingana bualu mu nzubu kamuvua muaba. Butuku buakalonda nzubu uvua mûle zabazaba ne bantu.”

Pashishe, mu 1923 bakatuma Tatu mu ditunga dia Brésil. Uvua wenzamu miyuki kumpala kua bantu bapite bungi, imue misangu uvua wangata bakudimunyi bua kukudimunabu miyuki yende. Tshibumba tshia Nsentedi tshia dia 15 Tshisua-munene 1923 (mu Angl.) tshiakamanyisha ne: “Kubangila mu dia 1 Kabalashipu too ne mu dia 30 Kabitende, Muanetu Young mmuenze miyuki ya patoke 21 ne bantu bonso basanga bakayiteleja bavua 3 600; mmuenze bisangilu bia tshisumbu 48, bantu 1 100 bakabuelamu; mmuabanye mikanda ya mu tshi-Mputulukeshi 5 000.” Bantu ba bungi bakanyisha bikole pakenza Tatu muyuki uvua wamba ne: “Bantu miliyo mivule badi ne muoyo mpindieu kabakufua nansha.”

Pakabanjijabu nzubu mipiamipia ya Betele mu Brésil mu dia 8 Luabanya 1997, kakanda kavua kakula bua dibanjija adi kakaleja ne: “Mu 1923: George Young wakafika mu Brésil. Wakatekela biro bia filiale munkatshi mua tshimenga tshia Rio de Janeiro.” Nansha muvuaku mikanda ya dilonga nayi Bible mu tshiena-Espagne, bantu bavua kabidi dijinga ne mikanda ya mu tshi-Mputulukeshi, muakulu wa kumpala wa mu Brésil. Bua bualu ebu, mu dia 1 Kasuamansense 1923, bakabanga kupatula Tshibumba tshia Nsentedi mu tshi-Mputulukeshi.

Tatu uvua muyukile ne bantu bavule mu Brésil. Umue wa kudibu uvua wa mu ditunga dia Portugal uvua ne bubanji bua bungi: Jacintho Pimentel Cabral, wakafila nzubu wende bua buobu kuikala benzelamu bisangilu. Jacintho wakitaba bulelela bua Bible ne lukasa luonso, pashishe kuyaye ku Betele. Mukuabu uvua Manuel da Silva Jordão, nsongalume wa mu Portugal uvua ukunyinangana bilongo mu mpangu. Muyuki wa patoke uvua Tatu muenze wakatelejaye wakamusaka bua kupingana mu Portugal bua kuenzamu mudimu wa bu-kolportere, ke muvuabu babikila bambi ba lumu luimpe ba ku dîba ne ku dîba ba Bantemu ba Yehowa dîba adi.

Tatu wakenza ngendu ya bungi ya ku kawulu mu Brésil mujima, ne uvua udienzeja bua kufika muaba uvua bantu bavua basue bulelela. Umue musangu wakenzaye luendu, wakapetangana ne Bony ne mukajende Catarina Green, kusombaye nabu mbingu mitue ku ibidi ubumvuija malu a mu Bible. Balela babu batue ku muanda-mutekete bakatambula bua kuleja ne: bavua badilambule kudi Yehowa.

Wakapetangana kabidi ne Sarah Bellona Ferguson mu 1923. Patshivuaye nsongakaji, mu 1867 bakumbuka mu États-Unis ne tutuende Erasmus Fulton Smith ne dîku diabu dijima, kuyabu mu Brésil. Katshia mu 1899 nsongakaji eu uvua anu upetela Tshibumba tshia Nsentedi ku poste. Sarah ne bana bende banayi ne munga muntu uvua Tatu ubikila ne: tatu-mukaji Sallie, bavua bindile bikole difika dia Tatu bua kutambulabu. Dituku adi divua dia 11 Luabanya 1924.

Panyima pa matuku makese, Tatu e kutuadija kuyisha mu matunga makuabu a mu Amerike wa ku Sud. Mu dia 8 Kasuabanga 1924, wakafunda pavuaye mu ditunga dia Pérou ne: “Nkadi mujikije kuabanya trakte 17 000 mu tshimenga tshia Lima ne tshia Callao.” Wakaya pashishe mu ditunga dia Bolivie bua kuabanyamu trakte. Wakafunda bua luendu luende mu ditunga adi ne: “Tatu wetu udi ubenesha mudimu utudi tuenza. Muntu mukuabu muena mu Inde mungambuluishe. Nzubu wende udi ku mutu kua musulu wa Amazone. Utu wangata trakte 1 000 ne imue mikanda uya kuabanyina bantu.”

Bua mudimu wakenza Tatu, ntete ya bulelela bua mu Bible ivua mimiamina mu matunga mavule a mu Amerike wa Pankatshi ne wa ku Sud. Tshibumba tshia Nsentedi tshia dia 1 Tshisua-munene 1924 (mu Angl.) tshiakamba ne: “George Young ukadi ne bidimu bipite pa bibidi mpindieu mu Amerike wa ku Sud. . . . Muanetu musuibue eu mmupete diakalenga dia kufikisha mukenji wa bulelela ku Punta Arenas, mu diboko dia mâyi dia Magellan.” Tatu wakalombola kabidi mudimu wa buambi mu matunga bu mudi dia Costa Rica, dia Panama ne dia Venezuela. Wakatungunuka ne kuyisha nansha muakakuatshikaye disama dia malaria ne kubangaye kusama bikole.

Pashishe wakaya ku Mputu

Mu Luabanya 1925, Tatu wakenza luendu ne mazuwa a mâyi mutangile ku Mputu, kuvuaye ne bua kuabanya trakte 300 000 ya malu a mu Bible mu ditunga dia Espagne ne dia Portugal, ne bua kulongoluela muanetu Rutherford mushindu wa yeye kulua kuenzamu miyuki ya patoke. Kadi pakafika Tatu mu Espagne, wakumvua muoyo muneme bua kulekela Muanetu Rutherford ulua kuenza miyuki pakamonaye muvua bantu ba muaba au kabayi banyisha bena bitendelelu bikuabu.

Muanetu Rutherford wakamuandamuna ne mêyi a mu Yeshaya 51:16 a se: ‘Ngakuteka mêyi anyi mukana muebe, ngakukusokoka mu mundidimbi wa tshianza tshianyi, bua meme kuasa diulu ne kujadika bishimikidi bia buloba, ne bua kuambila Siona ne: Wewe udi [tshisamba] tshianyi.’ Tatu umvua nanku kuambaye ne: “Bushuwa, disua dia Mukalenge ndia se: meme ntungunuke ne mudimu ne mmushile bintu biapatuka ku mudimu eu.”

Mu dia 10 Lumungulu 1925, Muanetu Rutherford wakenza muyuki wende (uvuabu bandamuna kudi mukudimunyi) mu nzubu wa dienzela manaya wa Novedades wa mu tshimenga tshia Barcelone. Bantu bapite pa 2 000 bakabuelamu, ne muena mbulamatadi mukuabu ne musalayi uvua mumulame. Wakenza muyuki wa momumue mu tshimenga tshia Madrid, ne bantu 1 200 bakauteleja. Dijinga dia kumanya bivule divua miyuki eyi mijule diakafika ku diashisha biro bia filiale mu ditunga dia Espagne bivuabu “balombola kudi George Young,” anu mudi mukanda wa Annuaire des Témoins de Jéhovah 1978 uleja.

Mu dia 13 Lumungulu 1925, Muanetu Rutherford wakenza miyuki mu tshimenga tshia Lisbon, mu ditunga dia Portugal. Miyuki yakenzaye ayi yakapatula bipeta bimpe bia bungi, nansha muakasua bamfumu ba bitendelelu kukosesha bisangilu abi pankatshi pavuabu bela bibingu ne bakumakaja nkuasa. Panyima pa miyuki ya Muanetu Rutherford mu ditunga dia Espagne ne dia Portugal, Tatu wakatungunuka ne kuleja “Foto-Drama,” ne wakalongolola kabidi bua kuikalabu bapatula ne babanya mikanda ya kulonga nayi Bible mu matunga aa. Mu 1927 wakamba ne: lumu luimpe “lukadi lumanyisha mu tshimenga tshionso tshinene ne tshikese tshia mu Espagne.”

Wakayisha mu U.R.S.S.

Pashishe bakatuma Tatu bua kuenza bu-misionere mu ditunga dia U.R.S.S., wakafikamu mu dia 28 Tshimungu 1928. Amue mêyi a mu mukanda wakafundaye mu dia 10 Kasuamansense 1928 adi ne:

“Katshia ngafika mu Russie ndi anu nsambila ne muoyo mujima ne: ‘Bukalenge buebe bulue.’ Ndi ndonga muakulu wa bena ditunga edi, kadi ndi ne lujoko. Muntu udi unkudimuina miyuki udi unkemesha be, bualu nansha mudiye muena Yuda, udi witabuja Kristo ne mmunange Bible. Ndi mupete amue malu mimpe matambe kadi tshiena mumanye bungi bua matuku angitabilabu bua meme kushala munemu to. Lumingu lushale ngakapeta mukenji wa se: bavua bankosele mêba 24 bua meme kupatuka mu ditunga, kadi tshilumbu atshi tshiakajika, ke pandi mupete mushindu wa kushalaku matuku ndambu apa.”

Tatu wakamonangana ne bamue Balongi ba Bible ba mu Kharkov (udi mpindieu tshimenga tshinene tshia mu Ukraine), ne binsonji bia disanka biakabapueka bua mêyi a dikoleshangana nawu ku muoyo akambilanganabu. Bavua benza tshisangilu tshikese butuku buonso too ne mundankulu. Pakafunda Tatu bua tshisangilu etshi ne bana betu abu wakamba ne: “Nansha mudi bena mbulamatadi kabayi babasue ne babanyenge mikanda mikese ivuabu nayi, bana betu aba badi anu ne disanka.”

Bavua bakule bikole bua mudimu wakenza Tatu mu U.R.S.S. mu broshire wa pa buende uvuabu balongoluele bantu bakabuela mu tshisangilu tshia dibanjija dia nzubu mipiamipia ya Betele mu Saint-Pétersbourg (mu Russie), mu dia 21 Kabalashipu 1997. Broshire eu udi wamba ne: bakatuma Tatu ku Moscou, udi uleja kabidi ne: bakamuitabila bua “kupatula tukanda tukese 15 000, ka Budikadidi bua bisamba ne ka Bafue batu penyi? (Angl.) bua kutuabanyina bantu mu Russie.”

Pakumbuka Tatu mu Russie, bakamutuma mu mudimu wa ditambakana mu ditunga dia États-Unis. Mu provense wa Dakota wa ku Sud wakaya kumbelu kua Nellena ne Verda Pool, bana ba muntu bakalua kunyima kua bidimu ba-misionere mu ditunga dia Pérou. Bakaleja muvuabu banyisha bikole mudimu uvua Tatu wenza kayi utshioka ne kulejabu ne: “Bana betu ba mu tshikondo tshia kale atshi bavua ne lungenyi lua bumpanda-njila menemene bua mushindu uvuabu baya miaba ya ku ba bende pabu kabayi nansha ne mpetu, kadi bikale anu banange Yehowa ne muoyo wabu mujima. Dinanga edi ke diakabasaka bua kukumbaja mudimu wakenzabu au.”

Wakenza luendu lukuabu kunyima kua dibaka diende

Munkatshi mua bidimu bivule Tatu uvua ufundilangana mikanda ne Clara Hubbert wa mu Tshidiila tshia Manitoulin, mu provense wa Ontario. Bakabuela bonso babidi mu mpungilu wakenzekela ku Columbus (mu Ohio) mu dia 26 Kashipu 1931, pakangata Balongi ba Bible dîna dia Bantemu ba Yehowa. (Yeshaya 43:10-12) Bakaselangana panyima pa lumingu lujima. Mpindieu, Tatu kumbukaye kabidi bua kuenza luendu luende luibidi lua bu-misionere mutangile mu bidiila bia Caraïbes. Wakambuluishamu bua kulongolola bisangilu ne kulongesha bakuabu mushindu wa kuenza buambi bua ku nzubu ne ku nzubu.

Mamu wakapeta foto, tuarte, ne mikanda yumbukila ku Surinam, ku Saint Christopher ne miaba mikuabu mivule. Mikanda eyi ivua ibamanyisha bua didiunda dia mudimu wa buambi, ne pamu’apa ivua yakula kabidi bua nyunyi, nyama ne mitshi ya mu ditunga kampanda muvua Tatu mupitshile. Mu Kabalashipu 1932, Tatu wakajikija mudimu wende mu Caraïbes, kubuelaye bu pa tshibidilu mu tshisasa tshia mazuwa a mâyi muvuabu bafuta makuta makese, kupinganaye ku Canada. Pashishe, yeye ne Mamu kuenzabu pamue mudimu wa buambi wa ku dîba ne ku dîba, kushalabu mu Ottawa mu muvu wa hiver wa mu 1932 too ne mu 1933, pamue ne tshisumbu tshinene tshia bakuabu bambi ba lumu luimpe ba ku dîba ne ku dîba.

Malu a dîku dietu mu tshikoso

Mu 1934, bakalela tutu David. Patshivuaye muana mukese, uvua wimana pa karton kavua Mamu utekela tshifulu tshiende ne widikija mutubu benza “miyuki.” Uvua ne lukunukunu bua Yehowa matuku ende onso a muoyo anu muvua nalu Tatu. Bonso basatu bavua baya ku luendu ne mashinyi, basuikile bikolokolo bia mêyi pa tshisasa tshiawu, benda bakumbula bisumbu bia ku muelelu wa mâyi mu Canada, bumbuka ku Est batangile ku Ouest. Bakandela mu 1938 pavua Tatu wenza mudimu mu Colombie-Britannique. David utshidi muvuluke muakandadika Tatu pa bulalu, mpindieu Tatu, Mamu ne David batue binu banyunguluke bulalu, ne Tatu kuenza disambila bua kusakidila Nzambi bua bualu buanyi.

Mu muvu wa hiver wa mu 1939, tuakasombela mu tshimenga tshia Vancouver pavua Tatu wenda ukumbula bisumbu bivua mu luseke alu. Mu mikanda mivule ituakapeta munkatshi mua bidimu bia bungi muvua wa mu dia 14 Tshiongo 1939, uvua Tatu mufunde pavuaye ku Vernon (mu Colombie-Britannique). Tatu uvua muutumine Clara, David, ne Ruth, wamba ne: “Ndi munufundile anu bua kunuela mioyo ya disanka.” Mu mukanda au uvua muambilamu yonso wa kutudi bualu kampanda. Wakaleja muvua bia kunowa bia bungi mu tshimenga atshi kadi bena mudimu bikale bakese.​—Matayo 9:37, 38.

Lumingu lujima kunyima kua difuma dia Tatu dia ku Vancouver, wakadishinda pavuabu mu tshisangilu. Pakaluabu kumuteta bakaleja ne: uvua ne tshiuja tshia disama dia kansere mu bongo. Mu dia 1 Lumungulu 1939, wakafua. Pinapu mvua ne ngondo tshitema, David pende uvua ne bidimu bitue ku bitanu. Mamu wetu munanga (uvua pende ne ditekemena dia muoyo wa mu diulu), wakashala mulamate Nzambi too ne pakafuaye mu dia 19 Kabalashipu 1963.

Mushindu uvua Tatu umona mudimu wende wa kutuadila matunga mavule lumu luimpe mmuleja bimpe mu umue wa ku mikanda ivuaye mufundile Mamu. Amue mêyi akafundaye avua ne: “Bua luse Yehowa mmunganyishile bua meme kuya mu matunga aa bu butoke bua kuatuadila mukenji wa Bukalenge. Dîna diende dinsantu ditumbe. Butumbi buende bukenkele mu bilema, mu dipanga kukumbana ne mu butekete buanyi.”

Mpindieu bana ba George ne Clara Young, bankana babu, ne tunkanunuine tuabu, bonso badi pabu basadila Yehowa Nzambi wetu wa dinanga. Bavua bangambile ne: Tatu uvua misangu mivule utela mvese wa Ebelu 6:10 udi wamba ne: ‘Nzambi kêna upanga buakane bua kupuaye muoyo wa mudimu wenu ne wa dinanga dinuakaleja bua dîna diende.’ Tuetu petu katuena bapue mudimu wa Tatu muoyo nansha.

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 23]

Tatu udi ku dia balume, ne ba tutuende basatu

[Bimfuanyi mu dibeji 25]

Tatu (muimane kuulu) ne Muanetu Woodworth ne Rutherford ne Macmillan

Kuinshi: Tatu (ku dia bakaji menemene) ne Muanetu Russell munkatshi mua tshisumbu tshia bantu

[Bimfuanyi mu dibeji 26]

Tatu ne Mamu

Kuinshi: dituku dia dibaka diabu

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 27]

Meme, David ne Mamu bidimu ndambu panyima pa lufu lua Tatu