Diumisha bitalu ndimpe bua bena Kristo anyi?

Pakasemena lufu luende pabuipi, nkambua Yakobo wakalomba bualu ebu bua ndekelu: “Nunjike ku muaba wakajikabo batatu’anyi mu lubuebue ludi mu budimi bua Efelona, Muena Hiti, mu lubuebue ludi mu budimi bua Makepela, ku mpala kua Mamale mu buloba bua Kanâna.”​—Genese 49:29-31.

YOSEFE wakenza tshivua tatuende mulombe, kulondaye tshilele tshivua tshitangalake mu Ejipitu mu tshikondo atshi. Wakambila ‘bantu bende banganga buka bua [kumisha] tshitalu tshia Isalele.’ Bilondeshile muyuki udi mu Genese nshapita wa 50, banganga-buka bakenza matuku 40 bua kulongolola tshitalu muvuabi bienzeka pa tshibidilu. Diumisha tshitalu tshia Yakoba diakambuluisha musumba munene wa balela ne banene ba mu Ejipitu bavua benda bitekete bua kuenza luendu lua kilometre mitue ku 400 bambule tshitalu etshi bua kuya kutshijika mu Hebelone.​—Genese 50:1-14.

Badiku mua kupeta tshitalu tshia Yakobo tshiumisha dimue dituku anyi? Mpukapuka bua kutshipeta. Isalele uvua tshitupa tshivua ne mâyi a bungi, nanku ke tshidi tshienza bua se: bikale bikole bua kupetamu binga bishadile bia bintu bia kale. (Ekesode 3:8) Mu tshitupa etshi mudi bintu bia bungi bienza ne tshiamu ne mabue, kadi bintu bitu binyanguka ne lukasa bu mudi: bilamba, biseba ne bitalu biumisha, ki mbikolele tshitalele ne dishintulukangana dia bikondo nansha.

Kumisha tshitalu ntshinyi? Bua tshinyi bantu bavua bumisha bitalu? Mbimpe bua bena Kristo kulonda tshilele etshi anyi?

Mmuaba kayi uvua tshilele etshi tshibangile?

Mbumvuije diumisha tshitalu bu ditshilama bua katshibolu to. Bafundi ba miyuki ya malu a kale badi bamba ne: diumisha bitalu diakatuadija mu Ejipitu, kadi bavua kabidi balonda tshilele etshi kudi bena Ashû, bena Pelasa ne bena Sekutia ba kale. Pamu’apa bantu bakabanga kuteta bua kumisha bitalu pakangulabu bitalu bivuabu bajike mu lusenga mu tshipela bitshivua anu bijima. Dijika bitalu muaba eu divua mua kuikala dipangishe tshitalele ne lupepe bua kufika muaba uvuabi, ke tshivua tshienze bua kabibolu ne lukasa to. Bamue badi bamba ne: bakabanga kumisha bitalu pakasanganabu bitalu bilama bimpe mu natron (carbonate de sodium), mâyi a lukelekele atu mapite bungi munda ne pambelu pa ditunga dia Ejipitu.

Tshipatshila tshia muntu udi umisha bitalu ntshia se: tuishi tua bakteri tutu tubanga kubolesha tshitalu mu mêba makese panyima pa lufu katuenji tshintu to. Yeye mupangishe tuishi  etu nunku, dibola kadiena ditungunuka to, anyi didi mua kuenzeka bitekete-bitekete menemene. Kudi bipatshila bisatu: kulama tshitalu bua tshishale tshienze bu muntu ne muoyo, kutshikuba ku dibola ne kuenza bua tuishi katutshidi.

Bena Ejipitu ba kale bavua bumisha bitalu bia bafue babu balonda malu a ntendelelu wabu. Bu muvuabu bitaba bua se: bantu bavua batungunuka ne kuikala ne muoyo ku bajangi, biakabapesha dijinga dia kushala bapetangana ne bantu ba muoyo. Bavua bela meji ne: bavua mua kuenza mudimu ne bitalu biabu munkatshi mua bidimu bungi tshianana ne bavua mua kubipesha muoyo. Nansha muvua diumisha bitalu ditangalake, too ne lelu ki mbaji kupeta muyuki wa mu Ejipitu udi uleja mushindu uvuabu badienza nansha. Muyuki mulenga ngua Hérodote mufundi wa malu a kale muena Grèce wa mu lukama lua bidimu luitanu K.B.B. Nansha nanku, batu bambe ne: diteta bua kumisha bitalu mu dilonda ngenyi idi Hérodote mufile ki ndipatule bipeta bimpe menemene to.

Diumisha bitalu ndimpe bua bena Kristo anyi?

Bantu bavua bumishe tshitalu tshia Yakobo kabavua mu ntendelelu wa muomumue ne wende to. Kabidi, katuena mua kuela meji ne: pakafila Yosefe tshitalu tshia tatuende kudi baminganga abu, wakabalomba bua kuenzabu masambila ne mikiya bivuabu benza pavuabu bumisha bitalu bivule mu Ejipitu mu tshikondo atshi nansha. Yakobo ne Yosefe bavua bantu ba ditabuja dikole. (Ebelu 11:21, 22) Nansha muvua Yehowa kayi mulombe muanda eu, Mukanda wa Nzambi kawena ubipisha diumisha dia tshitalu tshia Yakobo. Diumisha tshitalu tshia Yakobo kadivua dienza bua kushaladi bu tshilejilu bua tshisamba tshia Isalele anyi bua tshisumbu tshia bena Kristo to. Bushuwa, kakuena mêyi masunguluke mu Dîyi dia Nzambi adi akula bua muanda eu to. Kunyima kua bamane kumisha tshitalu tshia Yosefe muine mu Ejipitu, kakuena muaba mukuabu mu Bible udibu bakule bua tshilele etshi nansha.​—Genese 50:26.

Mushindu uvua bitalu binyanguka mu nkita ya mu Palestine udi uleja ne: bena Ebelu kabavua ne tshibidilu tshia kumisha bafue, peshi tshia kubilama matuku a bungi to. Tshilejilu, Lazalo kabavua bumishe tshitalu tshiende to. Nansha muvuabu bamujingile bilamba, bantu bavuapu kabakumvua bimpe to pakavuabu bumusha dibue divua ku mushiku wa lukita luende. Bu muvua Lazalo mufue kukavua matuku anayi, muanabu wa bakaji uvua ne dishindika dia se: pavuabu bakangula lukita, mupuya mubi uvua ne bua kupatukamu.​—Yone 11:38-44.

Bavua bumishe tshitalu tshia Yezu Kristo anyi? Miyuki ya mu Evangeliyo kayena yamba nunku to. Mu tshikondo atshi, bena Yuda bavua ne tshilele tshia kulongolola tshitalu ne bintu bia mupuya muimpe ne mafuta a dipembu dimpe kumpala kua kutshijika. Tshilejilu, bua kulongolola tshitalu tshia Yezu, Nikodemo wakafila bintu bipite bungi bia mupuya muimpe bua kumuelabu. (Yone 19:38-42) Bua tshinyi bintu bia mupuya bia bungi nunku? Dinanga dikole ne kanemu bua Yezu ke bivua mua kuikala bimusake bua kufila bintu mushindu’eu. Katuena mua kuamba ne: dimulaba bintu bia mupuya nunku divua ne tshipatshila tshia kulama tshitalu tshiende to.

Muena Kristo udi ne bua kubenga tshilele tshia kumisha tshitalu anyi? Patudi tutangila bimpe, tudi tumona ne: diumisha tshitalu ndikeba patupu bua kuendesha bitekete tshintu tshidi katshiyi kuepuka. Tudi bafumine ku lupuishi, ne tudi tupingana ku lupuishi patudi tufua. (Genese 3:19) Kadi tudi mua kulama tshitalu matuku bungi kayi kubangila ku dituku didi muntu mufue too ne dia dimujika? Bikala balela ne balunda bafumina kule ne bikale ne dijinga dia kumona udi mufue, kakuyi mpata, badi mua kuela tshitalu manga bua kutshilama bua matuku ndambu.

Kadi bilondeshile Mukanda wa Nzambi, kakuena tshilumbu bikala bilele bia muaba unudi  basombe bilomba bua kumisha tshitalu anyi bikala balela bajinga bua bienzeke nanku. Bafue kabena “bamanye bualu [nansha] bumue.” (Muambi 9:5) Bikalabu mu tshivulukidi tshia Nzambi, neababishe bua kuikalabu kabidi ne muoyo mu bukua-panu bupiabupia budiye mulaye.​—Yobo 14:13-15; Bienzedi 24:15; 2 Petelo 3:13.

[Kazubu/​Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 31]

DIUMISHA BITALU: KALE NE LELU

Mu Ejipitu wa kale, mushindu wa diumisha bitalu uvua ulondeshila ku nsombelu uvua nende dîku. Dîku dia bena kantu ku bianza divua mua kusungula ngenzelu udi ulonda eu:

Bavua bakokela buongo buonso mu mimpempe ne tu-milonda tukuabu nunku. Pashishe, bavua balaba kabalubalu manga avua akengedibua. Panyima bavua bumbusha bia-munda bionso, bashiya anu dimuma dia muoyo ne tuonyi. Bua kumona bia-munda ebi, bavua bapanda mu difu, kadi bualu ebu bavua babuangata bu mpekatu. Bua kukumbaja bualu ebu bukolakolayi, bumishi ba bitalu ba mu Ejipitu bavua basungula muntu uvuabu babikila ne: mukoshi bua kupandaye tshitalu. Muntu eu uvua ne bua kunyema diakamue pavuaye ujikija, bualu muntu uvua wenza bubi bua nunku bavua bamuela milawu anyi bamuasa mabue.

Panyima pa bamane kumbusha bia-munda, bavua bamusukula bikole ne mâyi. Mufundi wa miyuki ya malu a kale Hérodote wakafunda ne: “Badi buuja mu difu ne myrrhe, nkashia (casse) ne bintu bionso bia mupuya muimpe pa kumbusha musenga wa kamonya, ne pashishe badi batela muaba uvuabu bapande au.”

Pashishe, bavua bumisha mâyi avua mu mubidi pavuabu baladika tshitalu etshi mu natron matuku 70. Panyima, bavua batshiowesha mâyi ne batshijingila mu tshilamba tshia lin bimpebimpe. Bavua balamika tshilamba tshia lin etshi ne kamonya anyi ne bintu bikuabu bivua bienze bu budimbu bivuabu balamika nabi, ne tshitalu etshi tshimana kumisha bavua batshiteka mu mushete wa mabaya mulengeja ne bintu bia mushinga mukole uvua ne tshimfuanyi tshia muntu.

Lelu’eu, diumisha bitalu mbualu budi mua kuangata anu mêba makese. Batu badienza pa tshibidilu pa kutua tshitalu buanga bua ditshiumisha nabu mu mijilu, mu difu ne mu tshiadi. Mu kupita kua bidimu, batu bapatule ne benze mudimu ne manga a mishindu ne mishindu. Kadi, formaldéhyde ke buanga budibu batambe kûmisha nabu bitalu bua mushinga udibu ne buimpe buabu.

[Tshimfuanyi]

Mushete wa ngolo wa Mukalenge Toutankhamon