Satana mmuntu mufuikakaja patupu anyi mmuntu mulelela muena malu mabi?

NTUADIJILU wa bubi mueleshe bantu ba bungi meji katshia anu ku kale. Nkonga-miaku kampanda wa malu a mu Bible mufunda kudi James Hastings udi uleja ne: “Pakatuadija muntu kujingulula malu, wakadimona mukungamangana ne makole avuaye kayi mua kukokesha, ne avua enzelangana bibi anyi abutuishangana.” (A Dictionary of the Bible) Nkonga-miaku umue-umue au udi wamba kabidi ne: “Bantu ba kale bavua bakeba biledi bia bubi, ne bavua bangata makole ne bimanyinu bikuabu bia mu bifukibua bu bikebesha kudi bantu.”

Bilondeshile bidi bafundi ba miyuki ya malu a kale baleja, tudi mua kuamba ne: ditabuja nzambi ya ba-demon ne nyuma mibi diakatuadija kale menemene ku mbangilu kua malu a mu Mesopotamie. Bena Babulona ba kale bavua bamba ne: Nêgala, nzambi wa tshikisu uvuabu babikila ne: “muoshianganyi” ke uvua ulama ku bajangi anyi “buloba bua badi baya kabayi bapingana.” Bavua batshina kabidi ba-demon, bakeba bua kubatuyisha ne bijimba bia manga. Mu mianu ya bena Ejipitu, Set uvua nzambi wa bubi, “bavua bamuzole muikale ne tshimfuanyi tshia nyama kampanda mubi, muikale ne diulu dikese dikobame, matshi mololoke mikale ne matumba ne mukila mujobakane muikale mupanduluke.”​—Larousse Encyclopedia of Mythology.

Nansha muvua bena Gelika ne bena Lomo bikale ne nzambi ivua yenzelangana malu mimpe ne mikuabu ivua yenzelangana malu mabi, kabavua ne nzambi munene muena malu mabi to. Bena nkindi babu bavua balongesha ne: kuvua makole abidi avua abengangana. Bilondeshile Empédocle, makole aa avua Dinanga ne Dikokangana. Bilondeshile Platon, bantu bavua ne “Anyima” ibidi: umue ukebesha malu mimpe ne mukuabu ukebesha malu mabi. Anu mudi Georges Minois wamba mu mukanda wende wa Le Diable (Diabolo), “bitendelelu bia kale bia mu bisamba bia bende [bia bena Gelika ne bia bena Lomo] kabivua bitaba ne: Diabolo utuku to.”

Mu ditunga dia Iran, balondi ba Zoroastre bavua balongesha ne: nzambi mutambe bunene Ahura Mazda, anyi Ormazd, wakafuka Angra Mainyu, anyi Ahriman, wakasungula bua kuenza malu mabi ne kuluaye Nyuma wa Kabutu anyi Mubutudi.

Mu Buena-Yuda, kuvua diumvuija dipepele divuabu bafila bua Satana bamba ne: Mmuluishi wa Nzambi wakabueja mpekatu mu bantu. Kadi panyima pa nkama mivule ya bidimu, bakanyanga diumvuija edi ne ngenyi ya bantu ba bisamba bia bende. Mukanda kampanda udi wamba ne: “Dishintuluka dinene diakenzeka . . . mu nkama ya bidimu ya ndekelu kumpala kua bikondo bietu ebi. Mu tshikondo etshi, tshitendelelu [tshia bena Yuda] . . . tshiakitaba malu a bungi a bena dilongesha dia makole abidi ne: mu diulu muvua Nzambi ne makole adi enzeja malu mimpe ne bulelela bivuabu baluisha kudi nyuma mibi ya bukole idi yenzeja yoyi  malu mabi ne mashimi pa buloba. Mbimueneke ne: ntendelelu wa bena Pelasa ke uvua mubafikishe ku ditaba malu aa.” (Encyclopaedia Judaica) Munga mukanda udi wamba ne: “Bantu bavua balonda mikenji ne bavuala bijimba kampanda bua kudikuba ku ba-demon.”​—The Concise Jewish Encyclopedia.

Malongesha a batontolodi bena Kristo

Anu muvua ntendelelu wa Buena-Yuda muitabe malongesha avua kaayi a mu Bible pa bidi bitangila Satana ne ba-demon, batontolodi bena Kristo bakapatula pabu ngenyi ivua kayiyi ya mu Bible. Nkonga-miaku mukuabu wa Bible udi wamba ne: “Lumue lua ku ngenyi mitambe bubi ya mu malu a Nzambi avuabu balongesha kale ndua ne: Nzambi wakapikula bantu bende pa kufuta Satana bua abalekele.” (The Anchor Bible Dictionary) Lungenyi elu luakafumina kudi Irénée (wa mu lukama lua bidimu luibidi bikondo bietu ebi). Bakalua kulukolesha kudi Origène (wa mu lukama lua bidimu luisatu mu bikondo bietu ebi), wakamba ne: “diabolo uvua mupete bukenji pa bantu” ne uvua umona “lufu lua Kristo . . . bu tshia-bupikudi tshivuabu bafute diabolo.”​—History of Dogma, mufunda kudi Adolf Harnack.

Munga mukanda wa bena Katolike (The Catholic Encyclopedia) udi uleja ne: “munkatshi mua bidimu bitue ku tshinunu, [lungenyi lua ne: tshia-bupikudi tshivua tshifuta Diabolo] luvua ne muaba munene mu malu a Nzambi avuabu balongesha” ne luakashala mu malongesha a ekeleziya. Batatu bakuabu ba Ekeleziya (kusakidila ne Augustin wa mu bidimu 300-400 mu bikondo bietu ebi) bakitaba pabu lungenyi elu lua se: Satana ke uvuabu bafuta tshia-bupikudi. Ku ndekelu, mu lukama lua bidimu lua 12 mu bikondo bietu ebi, Anselm ne Abelard (bena teoloji bena Katolike) bakafika ku nkomenu wa ne: mulambu wa Kristo bavua baupeshe Nzambi kadi ki n’Satana to.

Bitabataba bia kale

Nansha muvua bena mu bipangu bivule bia Ekeleziya wa bena Katolike kabayi bakule bua Satana, mu tshidimu tshia 1215 mu bikondo bietu ebi, Tshipangu Tshinayi tshia mu Latran tshiakakula bua tshivua mukanda mukuabu wa bena Katolike mubikile ne: “dimanyisha dinene dia ditabuja.” (New Catholic Encyclopedia) Dîyi dia kumpala didi diamba ne: “Diabolo ne ba-demon bakuabu bakafukibua kudi Nzambi bikale bimpe, kadi buobu nkayabu bakadivuija bantu babi.” Didi diamba kabidi ne: badi benza muabu muonso bua kuteta bantu. Lungenyi lua ndekelu elu luakatangalaka bikole munkatshi mua bantu ba bungi mu tshikondo tshia kale. Satana ke uvua ukebesha malu onso avua amueneka kaayi enzeka pa tshibidilu bu mudi disama dia tshimpitshimpi, lufu lua tshikoso anyi dinyanguka dia bia pa madimi. Mu tshidimu tshia 1233 mu bikondo bietu ebi, Papa Grégoire IX wakela mikenji mivule ukandika batontolodi, kusakidila ne umuepele uvua ukandika bena Lusifere, bavuabu bamba ne: mbatendeledi ba Diabolo.

Dimanya dia ne: Diabolo anyi ba-demon bavua mua kubuela bantu munda diakalela ditshina dia bena buloji ne bena mupongo. Kubangila mu lukama lua bidimu lua 13 too ne mu lua 17, ditshina dia bena mupongo diakatangalaka diakamue ku Mputu, kufikadi too ne mu Amerike wa ku Nord ku diambuluisha dia bena ku Mputu bavua benda bakuata bantu ku bupika. Nansha balombodi bena Mishonyi bu mudi Martin Luther ne Jean Calvin bakafila dianyisha bua kuluishabu bena mupongo. Tshilumbuluidi tshia bena Katolike ne bilumbuluidi bia tshianana bia ku Mputu ke bivua bilumbuluisha bena mupongo bilondeshile manunganyi a patupu anyi dishiminyinangana malu bua muoyo mubi. Miaba ya bungi bavua bakengesha bantu bavua kabayi nansha bamanye bualu, bionso abi anu bua kubafikisha ku ditaba ne: bavua bapile.

Aba bavuabu basangana bapile bavua babafundila tshibawu tshia lufu: bantu ba nunku bavua babuosha mu Angleterre ne babuowa mu Ecosse.  Mukanda kampanda udi wamba bua bungi bua bantu bakashipabu ne: “Bilondeshile bamue bafundi ba miyuki ya malu a kale, kubangila mu 1484 too ne mu 1782, Ekeleziya wa bena Kristo wakashipa bakaji batue ku 300 000 bua mupongo.” (The World Book Encyclopedia) Bikala Satana ke uvua mujudije malu a tshikisu aa kale, mbanganyi bavuaye muangate bua kujudija malu aa: mbantu bakafua abu anyi mbena mu bitendelelu bavua babakengesha?

Malu adibu bitaba ne babenga lelu

Mu lukama lua bidimu lua 18 kuakapatuka tshisumbu tshia bena nkindi tshivuabu babikile ne: bena Butoke. Mukanda mukuabu udi wamba ne: “Nkindi ne ngenyi ya bena Butoke ivua ne tshipatshila tshia kusaka bena Kristo bua kumbusha mu meji abu lungenyi lua se: Diabolo utuku, ne bua kumuangata bu muntu mufuikakaja patupu wa mu mianu mifumba mu tshikondo tshia kale.” (Encyclopædia Britannica) Pakumvua bena Ekeleziya Katolike wa bena Lomo bualu ebu, bakajadika muvuabu bitaba ne: Satana Diabolo udiku mu Tshipangu tshia Kumpala tshia mu Vatican (1869-70), ne bakalua kujadika kabidi bualu ebu mu lumumamuma mu Tshipangu Tshibidi tshia mu Vatican (1962-65).

Anu mudi munga mukanda uleja patoke, “Ekeleziya udi witaba ne: banjelu ne ba-demon badiku.” (New Catholic Encyclopedia) Kadi, nkonga-miaku wa mu Mfualansa wa Buena-Katolike (Théo) udi wamba ne: “lelu bena Kristo ba bungi badi babenga bua kuamba ne: diabolo ke udi wenzeja malu mabi adi pa buloba.” Mu bidimu bidi panshi ebi balongeshi ba malu a Nzambi bena Katolike mbaleje budimu pa bidi bitangila muanda eu, mbasue kuanji kuimanyina pankatshi pa dilongesha dimanyike bimpe dia bena Katolike ne ngenyi idiku lelu. Mukanda mukuabu udi uleja ne: bena “teoloji wa bena Kristo udibu belamu ngenyi mikuabu mbatangile ku diangata malu adi Bible wamba bua Satana bu ‘ngakuilu wa mu tshimfuanyi’ udi kayi ukengela kuangata bu mulelela, kadi bu muanu patupu udi ne tshipatshila tshia kumvuija bulelela budiku ne mushindu udi bubi butangalake panu.” (Encyclopædia Britannica) Mukanda muine eu udi wamba bua bena Mishonyi ne: “Malongesha a bena Mishonyi ba lelu badi bitaba ngenyi mikuabu adi abenga bua kuitaba ne: diabolo mmuntu.” Kadi, bena Kristo balelela badiku ne bua kuangata tshidi Bible wamba bua Satana bu “ngakuilu wa mu tshimfuanyi” patupu anyi?

Tshidi Bible ulongesha

Nkindi ne teoloji ya bantu ki mbifile diumvuija dimpe dia mushindu wakatuadija bubi kupita didi Bible mufile to. Malu adi Bible wamba bua Satana adi ambuluisha bikole bua kumvua mushindu wakatuadija bubi ne makenga a bantu ne tshidi malu a tshinyangu tshikole enda avudila tshidimu tshionso.

Bamue badi mua kudiebeja ne: Bikala Nzambi Mufuki muimpe ne wa dinanga, bua tshinyi wakafuka tshifukibua tshia mu nyuma tshia malu mabi bu Satana? Bible udi wamba ujadika se: midimu yonso ya Yehowa Nzambi mmipuangane ne bifukibua  biende bionso bidi ne lungenyi bidi ne tshipedi tshia kudisunguila malu. (Dutelonome 30:19; 32:4; Yoshua 24:15; 1 Bakelenge 18:21) Nunku muntu wa mu nyuma wakalua Satana uvua ne bua kuikala mufukibue mupuangane ne wakasesuka mu njila wa bulelela ne buakane ku disua diende yeye nkayende.​—Yone 8:44; Yakobo 1:14, 15.

Mu malu a bungi, buntomboji bua Satana mbufuanangane ne bua ‘mukalenge wa Tulo’ uvuabu bambe mu kasala kakuabu ne: uvua ‘mukumbane mu bulengele buende’ ne ‘muakane tshishiki mu bienzedi biende ku dituku diakamufukabu too ne pakasanganabu bubi munda muende.’ (Yehezekele 28:11-19) Satana kavua mubenga ne: Nzambi udi Mfumu mutambe bunene anyi Mufuki wa bionso to. Kavua mua kuenza nanku to, bualu Nzambi ke uvua mumufuke. Kadi Satana wakatontolola nkonkeshilu wa Yehowa. Mu budimi bua Edene, Satana wakasua kumvuija ne: Nzambi uvua mupale bantu babidi ba kumpala tshintu tshivuabu ne bukenji bua kupeta ne tshivua mua kubapetesha diakalenga. (Genese 3:1-5) Wakafikisha Adama ne Eva ku ditombokela bumfumu buakane bua Yehowa, e kubakebela buobu ne ndelanganyi yabu mpekatu ne lufu. (Genese 3:6-19; Lomo 5:12) Ke bualu kayi Bible udi uleja ne: Satana ke udi mukebeshi wa makenga a bantu.

Tshikondo kampanda kumpala kua Mvula wa kabutu, banjelu bakuabu bakalonda Satana mu buntomboji buende. Bakavuala mibidi ya bantu bua kukumbaja majinga abu mabi avuabu bakeba bua kuenda ne bana ba bakaji ba bantu. (Genese 6:1-4) Mu tshikondo tshia Mvula wa kabutu, banjelu aba bantombonji bakapingana mu muaba wa mu nyuma kadi kabakapingana “muaba uvuabu basomba” kumpala ne Nzambi to. (Yuda 6, MMM) Bakababueja mu midîma mikole ya mu nyuma. (1 Petelo 3:19, 20; 2 Petelo 2:4) Bakalua ba-demon, ne kulekelabu disadila Yehowa ne kabatshivua kabidi ku bumfumu buende nansha, kadi bakalua ku bukokeshi bua Satana. Nansha mudibu kabayi kabidi mua kuvuala mibidi ya bantu, tshidibi ba-demon aba batshidi anu ne bukokeshi bua bungi pa ngenyi ne mu nsombelu ya bantu, ne kakuyi mpata, buobu ke badi bakebesha malu mavule a tshinyangu atudi tumona enzeka lelu’eu.​—Matayo 12:43-45; Luka 8:27-33.

Bukokeshi bua Satana bukadi pa kujika

Mbidimuenekele patoke ne: tshia bushuwa nyuma mibi idiku lelu pa buloba. Mupostolo Yone wakafunda ne: “Buloba bujima budi mu bukokeshi bua mubi.”​—1 Yone 5:19, Muanda Mulenga Lelu.

Kadi milayi ya mu Bible ikadi mimane kukumbana idi ileja ne: Diabolo udi uvudija makenga pa buloba bualu mmumanye ne: “matuku ende mmashale makese” bua kayumbayumba kakole kumukuataku kumpala kua kumuelabu mu lukanu. (Buakabuluibua 12:7-12; 20:1-3) Nshikidilu wa bukokeshi bua Satana neunzulule njila wa mu bukua-panu bupiabupia, muikala binsonji, lufu ne kanyinganyinga ‘kabiyiku kabidi.’ Dîba adi nebenze disua dia Nzambi ‘pa buloba bu mudibu benza mu diulu.’​—Buakabuluibua 21:1-4; Matayo 6:10.

[Bimfuanyi mu dibeji 4]

Bena Babulona bavua bitabuja Nêgala (lua ku dia bakaji menemene), nzambi wa tshikisu; Platon (ku dia bakaji) uvua witaba ne: kudi “Anyima” ya mishindu ibidi idi ibengangana

[Mêyi a dianyisha]

Cylindre: Musée du Louvre, Paris; Platon: National Archaeological Museum, Athènes, Grèce

[Bimfuanyi mu dibeji 5]

Irénée, Origène ne Augustin bavua balongesha ne: bakafuta Diabolo tshia-bupikudi

[Mêyi a dianyisha]

Origène: Culver Pictures; Augustin: Miangatshila mu mukanda wa Great Men and Famous Women

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 6]

Ditshina bena mupongo diakafikisha ku dishipa bantu nkama ya binunu

[Mêyi a dianyisha]

Bia mu mukanda wa Bildersaal deutscher Geschichte