Muntu “wakenza ngendu bua kutangalaja Evanjeliyo” ne dikima

BANTU badi bamba ne: pavua George Borrow ne bidimu 18, uvua mumanye miakulu 12. Kunyima kua bidimu bibidi wakabanga kukudimuna mikanda “bipepele ne bimpe menemene” mu mikalu 20.

Mu 1833 bakabikila muntu eu uvua ne tshipedi tshia pa buatshi bua kumuelabu nkonko kudi bena Société wa Bible wa mu Londres (British and Foreign Bible Society), mu ditunga dia Angleterre. Bu muvuaye kayi ne mushindu wa kudifutshila njila, kadi mudisuike anu bua kapangidi mpunga muimpe eu uvua mumueneke, Borrow (muikale ne bidimu 30 dîba adi) wakenda kilometre 180 ku makasa kumbukila kuende mu tshimenga tshia Norwich, kuenzaye mêba 28 patupu.

Société wa Bible wakamupesha mudimu mukole wa kulonga muakulu wa Mandchou mu ngondo isambombo. Muakulu eu ke utubu bakula mu bitupa bia bungi bia ditunga dia Chine. Wakalomba mukanda wa mikenji ya muakulu, kadi bobu kumupesha anu Evanjeliyo wa Matayo mu muakulu wa Mandchou ne nkonga-miaku wa Mandchou-Français. Kadi kunyima kua mbingu 19 wakafundila bena ku Londres wamba ne: “Ngashikuluji muakulu wa Mandchou ku diambuluisha dia Nzambi.” Muanda eu uvua ukemesha bikole bualu badi bamba ne: anu mu tshikondo tshimue tshimue atshi uvua ulongolola bilema bia mu Evanjeliyo wa Luka wa mu Nahuatl, umue wa ku miakulu ya bena ditunga ba mu Mexique.

Bible wa mu Mandchou

Mu lukama lua bidimu lua 17, pakabangabu kufunda muakulu wa Mandchou bua musangu wa kumpala ne maleta a mu alfabe wa Uighu wa bena mu Mongolie, wakalua muakulu uvuabu bakula kudi bena mbulamatadi wa mu Chine. Nansha muvua kunyima kua matuku kabatshiyi batamba kuakula muakulu eu, bena mu Société wa Bible wa mu Londres bavua bobu ne dijinga dikole dia kupatula ne kuabanyina bantu Bible wa mu Mandchou. Mu 1822 bakavua bafile mfranga bua kupatuisha mikanda 550 ya Evanjeliyo wa Matayo, mukudimuna kudi Stepan Lipoftsoff. Uvua wenza mudimu mu biro bia ku ba bende bia ditunga dia Russie, ne ukavua muenze bidimu 20 mu Chine. Bakapatula Evanjeliyo eu mu tshimenga tshia Saint-Pétersbourg, kadi kunyima kua bamane kuabanya anu Bible mikese tshianana, mâyi avua muule masapalale akanyanga ivua mishale.

Pashishe bakakudimuna Mifundu yonso ya bena Kristo ya tshiena-Gelika. Mu 1834 pakangulabu mukanda kampanda wa kale mufunda ku bianza uvua ne tshitupa tshinene tshia Mifundu ya tshiena-Ebelu, biakasaka bantu bua kunanga Bible bikole. Nnganyi uvua mua kulombola mudimu wa dikonkonona tshiakabidi Bible wa mu Mandchou ukavuaku ne kujikija dikudimuna dia tshitupa tshivua tshishale? Société wa Bible wa mu Londres wakatuma George Borrow bua kubenzelaye mudimu eu.

Udi uya mu Russie

Yeye mumane kufika mu Saint-Pétersbourg, Borrow wakadifila bikole mu dilonga dia Mandchou bua kumona mua kulondolola ne kufunda bimpe menemene miaku ya mu Bible.  Nansha nanku, mudimu eu uvua mukole, ne ku dituku uvua wenza mudimu mêba mafike too ne ku 13 bua kulongolola maleta a ku tshiamu tshia mikanda bua kupatula Dipungila Dipiadipia, diakaluabu kubikila ne: “mukanda mutambe bulenga udibu bapatule ku luseke kudi dîba dipatukila.” Bakapatula Bible tshinunu mu 1835. Kadi dijinga dia Borrow dia kuya ne Bible eyi mu Chine ne kuyabanyina bantu kadiakakumbana to. Bu muvua mbulamatadi wa bena Russie utshina ne: diabanya dia Bible eyi divua mua kumueneka bu mudimu wa bu-misionere uvua mufuanyike kunyangisha malanda avuabu nawu ne ditunga dia Chine, bakabengela Borrow bua kupita ku mikalu ya Chine bu yeye mua kuikala ne “Bible nansha umue patupu wa mu Mandchou.”

Bakabanya Bible mikese kunyima kua bidimu bitue ku dikumi, ne Evanjeliyo wa Matayo ne wa Mâko ikavuabu bakudimune, mikale ne milongo eku ne eku, wa mu Mandchou ne wa mu tshiena-Chine, yakapatuka mu 1859. Kadi mu tshikondo atshi, bantu ba bungi bavua bamanye kubala muakulu wa Mandchou bavua bajinga kubala mikanda mifunda mu tshiena-Chine, nanku ditekemena dia kuikala ne Bible mujima wa mu Mandchou diakatuadija kujimina. Bushuwa, muakulu wa Mandchou uvua wenda ufua, mu matuku makese bavua ne bua kuupingana kudi tshiena-Chine. Dishintuluka edi diakenzeka mu 1912 pakalua Chine repiblike.

Udi uya mu Ibérie

Bu muvua malu aa avuaye mumone mamupeshe bukole, George Borrow wakapingana mu Londres. Bakamutuma kabidi mu 1835 mu ditunga dia Portugal ne dia Espagne, yeye muine wakalua kuamba ne: bivua “bua kujadika bikala ngenyi ya bantu ni ivua milongolola bua kuakidila bimpe malu malelela a Buena-Kristo.” Mu tshikondo atshi matunga onso abidi aa kabavua banji kubuelamu kudi Société wa Bible wa mu Londres ku Ba-bende bua ndululu ivua mitangalake munkatshi mua bantu ne mua bena malu a tshididi. Borrow wakasanka bua kuyikila malu a mu Bible ne bantu ba mu misoko ya mu Portugal, kadi kunyima kua matuku makese, dibenga kusua malu a Nzambi diakamonaye kudi bantu diakamusaka bua kusabuka mutangile mu ditunga dia Espagne.

Mu Espagne muvua lutatu lukuabu, nangananga ba-Tsigane bavua bafumine mu Asia bakavua Borrow mudie nabu bulunda kunyima kua matuku makese, bualu uvua wakula muakulu uvua bantu aba bakula. Matuku makese kunyima kua difika diende, yeye kutuadija kukudimuna “Dipungila Dipiadipia” mu Gitano, muakulu wa ba-Tsigane ba mu Espagne. Bua tshitupa tshia mudimu eu, wakabikila bakaji bibidi ba-Tsigane bua kumuambuluishabu. Uvua ubabadila Bible wa mu tshiena-Espagne ne pashishe ubambila bua bamukudimuine. Mushindu’eu ke wakafikaye ku dilonga bimpe biakuilu bia ba-Tsigane. Bua didienzeja diende edi, Evanjeliyo wa Luka wakapatuka mu muvu wa printemps wa mu 1838, ke biobi kukemesha muepiskopo mukuabu wakafika ne ku diamba ne: “Neakudimuishe mitshima ya bena mu Espagne bonso anu ne muakulu wa ba-Tsigane.”

Bavua banyishile George Borrow bua kukebaye “muntu uvua mumanye bua kukudimuna Mifundu [minsantu] mu muakulu wa bena mu Basque.” Borrow wakafunda ne: bakapesha Doktere Oteiza mudimu eu, bualu munganga eu “uvua mumanye muakulu au bimpe menemene umvua panyi mumanye ndambu.” Mu 1838, Evanjeliyo wa Luka ke mukanda wa kumpala wa mu Bible wakapatuka mu muakulu wa Basque wa mu Espagne.

 Bu muvuaye ne dijinga dikole dia kupetesha bantu ba tshianana dimanya dia mu Bible, Borrow uvua wenza ngendu mile, ivua misangu mivule ya njiwu bua kuabanyina bapele ba ku misoko mikanda ya mu Bible. Uvua ukeba kubumbusha ku dipanga ne ku malu a bitabataba a bena bitendelelu. Bua kuleja muvua dijikijilangana mpekatu divuabu bafutshishila bantu mfranga dikale dia patupu, tshilejilu uvua welesha bantu meji ne: “Nzambi udi muikale muntu muimpe udiku mua kuitaba bua bantu bikale benda mushinga ne mpekatu anyi?” Kadi bu muvua bena mu Société wa Bible batshina bua kabalu kukandika midimu yabu bua dibipisha dia mayisha aa akavua mele miji, bakamuambila bua kuikalaye wabanya anu mikanda ya mu Bible.

Bakapesha Borrow dianyisha dia mukana patupu bua kupatula Dipungila Dipiadipia dia mu tshiena-Espagne didibu babikila ne: El Nuevo Testamento, kadiyi ne mumvuija a malongesha a ekeleziya Katolike wa bena Lomo. Bakamupesha dianyisha edi nansha muvua ku ntuadijilu kavula-mbedi wa ditunga kayi musue. Kavula-mbedi eu ki wakabikila Bible eu ne: “mukanda mubi” wa njiwu. Pashishe Borrow wakunzulula depo mu tshimenga tshia Madrid bua kusumbisha Dipungila Dipiadipia edi dia mu tshiena-Espagne. Muanda eu wakamukebela bilumbu kudi balombodi ba bitendelelu ne bakokeshi ba mbulamatadi. Bobu kumuela mu buloko kushalayi muomu matuku 12. Pakatontololaye bualu ebu, bakamuambila bua kumbukaye mu ditalala. Bu muvuaye mumanye bimpe ne: bavua bamuele mu buloko kapayi bualu, wakatela tshilejilu tshia mupostolo Paulo ne yeye kupangadika bua kushala mu buloko too ne pavuabu bamubingisha mu mushindu muimpe, kakuyi bualu bubi bulamike ku dîna diende nansha.​—Bienzedi 16:37.

Mu tshikondo tshiakumbuka Borrow mutumibue wabu eu wa lukunukunu mu Espagne mu 1840, Société wa Bible wakamba ne: “Bible mitue ku 14 000 mmitangalake mu bantu mu Espagne mu bidimu bitanu bishale ebi.” Bu muvuaye muenze mudimu munene mu muanda eu, Borrow wakamba mu tshikoso bua malu avuaye muenze mu Espagne ne: avua “bidimu bitambe buimpe bia muoyo wanyi.”

Bible mu Espagne, wakapatulabu musangu wa kumpala mu 1842 ne utshidibu bapatula too ne lelu, udi muikale muyuki wa George Borrow udiye yeye nkayende mulonde wa ngendu yende ne midimu yakenzaye ivua ne njiwu ya bungi. Mu mukanda eu (wakasankisha bantu ba bungi diakamue) uvua udibikilamu ne: “muntu wakenza ngendu bua kutangalaja Evanjeliyo.” Wakafunda ne: “Mvua nkeba kupitshila miaba misokome ya tukunakuna ne mikuna ya bipokopoko ivua kayiyi mitekete bua kupitshilamu, ne bua kuyikila ne bantu mu wanyi mushindu bua Kristo.”

Mu diabanya ne dikudimuna Mifundu minsantu ne lukunukunu lua mushindu’eu, George Borrow wakenza mudimu uvua ne bua kulua kuambuluisha bakuabu. Edi divua diakalenga dinene bushuwa.

[Karte mu dibeji 29]

(Bua kumona malu bimpe, tangila mu mukanda)

Mudimu wa George Borrow wa kukudimuna ne kuabanya Bible wakamuendesha kubangila mu (1) Angleterre mutangile mu (2) Russie, mu (3) Portugal, ne mu (4) Espagne

[Mêyi a dianyisha]

Mountain High Maps® Copyright © 1997 Digital Wisdom, Inc.

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 28]

Mêyi a ntuadijilu a mu Evanjeliyo wa Yone mu muakulu wa Mandchou, mapatula mu 1835, a kubala kubangila kulu kupueka kuinshi, kubangila ku dia bakaji kuya ku dia balume

[Mêyi a dianyisha]

Mangatshila mu mukanda wa Bible wa ditunga dionso wa mu 1860 (mu Anglais)

[Mêyi a dianyisha bua tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 27]

Mangatshila mu mukanda wa Muoyo wa George Borrow (mu Anglais) mufunda kudi Clement K. Shorter mu 1919