‘Mikenji yakalua ndeji wetu’

MBANA bungi kayi batu basue mikenji ne manyoka? Bakese menemene. Bua bana ba bungi, mikenji itu ibatonda bikole. Kadi bantu batubu bateka bua kulama bana mbamanye ne: kubatangila bimpe kudi ne mushinga menemene. Patu bana bakola, batu balua kumona ne: mikenji ivuabu babelele ivua ne mushinga. Mupostolo Paulo wakangata tshilejilu tshia muntu uvua ulama bana bua kuleja mushindu kampanda utu malanda atu pankatshi pa Yehowa Nzambi ne bantu bende.

Bamue bena Kristo ba kumpala ba mu provense wa bena Lomo wa Galatia bavua batamba kuamba ne: Nzambi uvua wanyisha anu  bavua batumikila mikenji ivuaye mupeshe bena Isalele ku butuangaji bua Mose. Mupostolo Paulo uvua mumanye ne: kabivua nanku to, bualu Nzambi wakapesha too ne bantu bavua kabayi batumikila mikenji ya bena Yuda nyuma muimpe. (Bienzedi 15:12) Ke pavua Paulo mubapeshe tshilejilu bua kushintulula lungenyi luabu. Wakafundila bena Kristo ba ku Galatia ne: ‘Mikenji yakalua ndeji wetu wa kutufikisha kudi Kristo.’ (Galatia 3:24) Mumanyi wa malu a mu Bible mukuabu udi wamba bua tshilejilu tshia ndeji ne: “Tshivua ne diumvuija dinene mu bikondo bia kale.” Tuetu bumvue tshilejilu etshi tudi mua kufika ku diumvua tshivua mupostolo Paulo musue kuamba bimpe.

Ndeji ne midimu yende

Bena Greke ne bena Lomo ne pamuapa bena Yuda bavua babanji bavua ne tshibidilu tshia kukeba ndeji bua kulama bana too ne pavuabu bakumbaja bidimu bitue ku 18. Ndeji uvua nangananga mupika uvua mfumuende mua kueyemena ne muntu mukulumpe uvua ulama muana bimpe, wenza bua ne: bionso bivua tatuende wa muana musue bamuenzelabi. Ndeji uvua uya kufila muana kuonso kuvuaye uya, umulama ne mankenda, uya kumufila mu kalasa ne misangu ya bungi uvua umuambuila too ne mikanda yende ne bintu bikuabu bia mu kalasa ne utangila mushindu uvua malonga ende enda.

Pa tshibidilu ndeji kavua muntu uvua ulongesha muana mu kalasa to. Kadi uvua anu ulama muana patupu bilondeshile mikenji ya tatuende wa muana ya mua kumukolesha pamutu pa kumulongesha bu mulongeshi mu kalasa. Nansha nanku, uvua uludikaku muana mu mushindu kampanda anyi kansanga ne umunyoka. Mmumue ne: uvua mua kulongesha muana bikadilu bimpe, kumukanyina pavuaye wenza bibi ne nansha kumuela nsokotshi. Kadi tutuende wa muana ne mamuende ke bavua ba kumpala bua kumulongesha. Pavua muana wenda ukola, ndeji wende uvua umuleja ne: uvua ne bua kuenda mu njila bimpe, kuvuala kazaku kende, kusomba bimpe, kudia bimpe ne kuimana kulu pavua bantu bakole bafika, kunanga baledi bende, anu nanku.

 Muena malu a nkindi mukuabu muena Greke diende Platon (wa mu 428-348 kumpala kua Yezu) wakela meji ne: padi muana uteka buana, kabiena anu bikengela kumuengeleka to. Wakafunda ne: “Anu bu mutu mikoko anyi bimuna bikuabu bionso bikale anu ne muntu wa kubilama, bana badi ne bua kuikala pabu ne ndeji ne bapika badi ne bua kuikala pabu ne mfumu.” Nansha mudi tshivuaye muambe etshi tshimueneka bu munekeshe, mmuvuaye pende umona malu nanku.

Bu muvua bandeji baya ne bana miaba yonso, bana bakavua babangata bu balami ba tshikisu bavua babanyoka bikole, babafunda dîba dionso ne bua tumalu tukese, bibatondesha nsombelu, kabitshiyi ne diambuluisha to. Nansha nanku, ndeji uvua ukuba muana ku mubidi ne mu bikadilu. Mumanyi wa malu a kale Appien wa mu bidimu bia lukama ne pamutu panyima pa Yezu udi ulonda bualu bua ndeji mukuabu uvua ujingila muana uvuaye uya kushiya mu kalasa maboko bua kumukuba kudi bantu bavua mua kukeba bua kumushipa. Pavua ndeji ubenga kulekelela muana, bakabashipa bonso babidi.

Tshiendenda tshivua tshimuangalake bikole mu bukokeshi bua bena Greke. Bivua bikengela kulama bana, nangananga ba balume bua kabaladi nabu ku bukole. Nanku bandeji bavua babuele too ne mu kalasa bua kuindila bana, bualu balongeshi ba bungi kabavua mua kuikala ne bikadilu bimpe to. Mumanyi mukuabu muena Greke diende Libanius (wa mu bidimu bia nkama isatu ne pamutu) wakamba pende ne: ndeji uvua ne mudimu wa “kulama nsonga” bua “kupangisha bantu badi mua kumunyanga bua kabafiki muaba udiye, kumunyemesha bua kabamuenzedi bibi ne kubenga kubalekela bibidilangana nende.” Bana ba bungi bavua banemeka bandeji babu bavua babakuba. Malu avuabu bafunde pa mabue bua kuvuluka mianda kampanda adi aleja muvua bantu bakulumpe bela bandeji bimpe bavuabu nabu tuasakidila panyima pa lufu luabu.

Mikenji idi bu ndeji

Bua tshinyi mupostolo Paulo wakafuanyikija mikenji ya Mose ne ndeji? Ntshinyi tshidi tshivuija tshilejilu etshi tshimpe menemene?

Bualu bua kumpala budi ne: Mikenji ivua ikuba bantu. Paulo wakumvuija ne: bena Yuda bavua ‘balamibue muinshi mua mikenji.’ Ivua ibakuba anu bu muvua ndeji ukuba muana. (Galatia 3:23) Mikenji ivua ilombola nsombelu wabu yonso mujima. Ivua ibalama ku majinga mabi a mubidi. Ivua ibambuluisha bua kuikala ne bienzedi bimpe ne ibavuluija misangu yonso bilema biabu, ne yambuluisha muena Isalele yonso bua kumanya ne: mmuena bubi.

Mikenji ivua kabidi ibepula ku ngenzelu mibi ya bisamba bikuabu, bu mudi ku tshiendenda ne kutendelela kua mpingu. Tshilejilu, dikandika dia Nzambi dia kuselangana ne bisamba bikuabu divua diambuluisha tshisamba tshia Isalele bua kushalatshi mu malanda mimpe nende. (Dutelonome 7:3, 4) Mikenji eyi ivua ilama ntendelelu wa bena Isalele muimpe kayi kalema ne ibalongolole bua kuitababu Masiya. Mikenji ivua milenga ya dikema ne ivua ileja muvua Nzambi mubanange. Mose wakavuluija bena Isalele nende ne: ‘Bu mudi tatu ukengesha muanende mulume, nunku Yehowa, Nzambi wenu, wakanukengesha.’​—Dutelonome 8:5.

Bualu bukuabu bua mushinga buvua mupostolo Paulo muambe mu tshilejilu tshiende budi ne: bukokeshi bua ndeji buvua bua tshitupa tshipi. Pavua muana ukola, mudimu wa ndeji uvua ujika. Mumanyi wa malu a kale muena Greke diende Xénophon (wa mu bidimu bia 431-352 Kumpala kua Yezu) wakafunda ne: “Pavua muana ukola, baledi bende bavua bamumbusha muinshi mua [ndeji] wende ne mua [mulongeshi] wende ne bavua bamulekela udienzela malu nkayende.”

Ke muvuabi kabidi bua bukole buvua nabu mikenji ya Mose kudi bantu. Mudimu wayi uvua wa tshitupa tshipi, uvua wa “kuleja patoke malu adi [Nzambi] kayi musue. Ivua ne bua kunenga too ne pafika muntu [Yezu Kristo] wa ku ndelanganyi.” Mupostolo Paulo wakamba ne: Mikenji ‘yakalua ndeji wa bena Yuda bua kubafikisha kudi Kristo.’ Bua Nzambi kuanyisha bena Yuda ba mu matuku a Paulo, bavua ne bua kuitaba mudimu udi Nzambi mupeshe Kristo bua kukumbaja disua diende. Pavuabu bitaba Kristo, mudimu wa ndeji uvua ujika.​—Galatia 3:19, 24, 25, MMV.

 Mikenji ivua Nzambi muelele bena Isalele ivua mipuangane. Yakakumbaja tshipatshila tshivua Nzambi muyelele, tuambe ne: kulama bantu bende ne kubambuluisha bua kumanya malu mimpe atuye musue bua bantu bende benze. (Lomo 7:7-14) Mikenji ivua ndeji muimpe mutambe. Kadi bua bamue bantu bavua mikenji ikuba, bavua bayimone bu bujitu. Ke bualu kayi Paulo wakafunda ne: pakakumbana tshikondo tshivua Nzambi musungule, ‘Kristo wakatupikula ku mulawu wa mikenji.’ Mikenji ivua ‘mulawu’ anu mu ngumvuilu wa ne: ivua ikokesha bena Yuda bavua bantu bapange bupuangane bavua kabayi mua kukokesha bua kuyitumikila yonso nkong. Ivua ibalomba bua kutumikila mikiya mikuabu mu katoba ne mu katoba. Pavua muena Yuda yonso witaba mulambu uvua Yezu mufile, kulonda mikenji ya ndeji kakutshivua kabidi ne mushinga kudiye to.​—Galatia 3:13; 4:9, 10.

Nanku, pavua Paulo ufuanyikija mikenji ya Mose ne ndeji, bivua bua kuleja ne: ivua ne bua kulombola bena Isalele ne ivua ya tshitupa tshipi. Yehowa udi wanyisha muntu ki mbualu udi ulonda tshidi mikenji yamba, kadi mbualu udi witaba Yezu.​—Galatia 2:16; 3:11.

[Kazubu/​Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 21]

“BAKUATSHISHI” NE “BALAMI”

Pa kumusha muvua Paulo muakule bua ndeji, uvua mufile kabidi tshilejilu tshia “bakuatshishi” ne “balami.” Tudi tubala mu Galatia 4:1, 2 ne: ‘Patshidi mupianyi muana mutekete, kena utapuluka kudi mupika, nansha bikalaye mukalenge wa bintu bionso; kadi yeye udi kunyima kua bakuatshishi ne balami too ne palua dituku diakasungula tatuende.’ Midimu wa “bakuatshishi” ne “balami” ivua mishilangane ne wa ndeji, kadi Paulo uvua musue kumvuija anu tshintu tshimue.

Mu mikenji ya bena Lomo, ‘mukuatshishi’ uvua pa tshibidilu muntu uvuabu basungule bua kulama muana wa nshiya uvua ne bidimu bishadile ne kutangila malu ende a makuta too ne pavuaye ukola. Nanku Paulo udi wamba ne: nansha bikala muana au ‘mukalenge’ wa bintu biende bia bupianyi, bua patshidiye muana, kena ne bukokeshi bupite bua mupika pa bintu abi to.

Kadi ‘mulami’ yeye, uvua muntu uvuabu bapeshe mudimu wa kutangila bubanji bua muana. Mumanyi wa malu a kale muena Yuda diende Flavius Josèphe udi wamba ne: muana wa balume mukuabu diende Hyrcan wakambila tatuende bua kufundilaye mulami wende mukanda udi uleja ne: mmumuitabile bua yeye kupeshaye Hyrcan makuta a kusumbaye bionso bidiye musue.

Nanku, padi muana ku bukokeshi bua ndeji, bua ‘mukuatshishi’anyi bua ‘mulami,’ bualu ebu budi bumvuija ne: kena ne bukokeshi bua kudienzela malu padiye muana to. Bavua balombola nsombelu wa muana eu too ne tshikondo tshidi tatuende mujadike.

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 19]

Dibungu dizola didi dileja ndeji ne bintu biende bia mudimu

[Mêyi a dianyisha]

National Archaeological Museum, Athens

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 19]

Tshimfuanyi tshia mu bidimu bia 400 kumpala kua Yezu tshidi tshileja ndeji (ne bintu biende bia mudimu) utangila mudibu balongesha muana mua kufunda tusala ne mijiki

[Mêyi a dianyisha]

Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/​Art Resource, NY