UKALU WAPWILEHO: Mbimbiliya kayanongele mwomwo yaukalu wakufwana nge kupola chipwe kuyenyeka kuli vaka-koleko. Oloze vaka-kunungulula mazu vamwe navaka-kwalumuna vasakile kwalumuna mazu amuMbimbiliya mujila yeka. Lwola lumwe vanesekanga kulingisa Mbimbiliya yilitombole navyuma vafwelela muchishishisa chakufwelela vyuma yahanjika Mbimbiliya. Talenu havyakutalilaho vimwe vino:

• Chihela chakulemesela Kalunga: Mukachi kalikulukaji lyamyaka lyamuchiwana nalyamuchivali B.C.E., vaka-kusoneka Mikanda Yajila Yitanu Yakulivanga YavaSamaliya vahakilileko mazu kumukanda waKulovoka 20:17 akwamba ngwavo, “haPili yaNgelize. Kaha hapili kana hakiko namukatungila lijiko lyakulumbila.” VaSamaliya vasakile Visoneka vikundwize vishinganyeka vyavo vyakutunga tembele “haPili yaNgelize.”

• Kunangula chaTulunga Vatatu: Omu mwahichile myaka kafwe 300 kufuma haze vakumishile kusoneka Mbimbiliya, lunga umwe alinangula vyaTulunga Vatatu ahakilileko mazu kumukanda WaYowano 1, 5:7 akwamba ngwavo “mwilu, Tata, naLizu, naShipilitu Yajila, kaha ava vatatu vanapu umwe.” Mazu kana kawatwama muvisoneka vyakulivangako. Bruce Metzger uze alinangula chikuma vyaMbimbiliya ambile ngwenyi, “kufuma vene mulikulukaji lyamyaka lyakusokesa 6, mazu kana asolokelenga mapapa kakavulu mujimanyusikilipiti jakulivanga jamulilimi lyaLatinyi lyaKushikulu namumukanda vavuluka ngwavo [Latin] Vulgate.”

• Lijina lyaKalunga: Vaka-kwalumuna Mbimbiliya vavavulu vafumishile lijina lyaKalunga muVisoneka mwomwo yakukavangiza visemwa vyamakuli vyavaYuleya. Vashishishile lijina kana najivulukiso jakwamba ngwavo “Kalunga” chipwe “Mwata,” jize kavazachisa kaha kuli Tengiko, oloze nakuvatu, nakuvyuma veji kuzachisanga mukulemesa chamakuli, nakuli Liyavolo.—Yowano 10:34, 35; Wavaka-Kolinde 1, 8:5, 6; Wavaka-Kolinde 2, 4:4. *

OMU YAYOVOKELE MBIMBILIYA: Chakavanga, numba tuhu vaka-kusoneka Mbimbiliya vamwe kavasonekele vyuma vyakwoloka nakuhona kuhaka mangana kumulimo wavoko, oloze vavavulu vasonekele mujila yakwoloka, yakusungama. Kaha mukachi kalikulukaji lyamyaka lyakusokesa 6 nalyakusokesa 10 C.E, vatu vaze valinangula  chikuma vavuluka ngwavo, vaMasoretes vanungulwile Visoneka vyachiHepeleu nakuvisoneka mumukanda wavo vavuluka ngwavo Masoretic text. Valavile mazu navasona vosena mangana vamone chikupu ngwavo kavengishilemo mazu akuhengako. Kahomu vahetele hamazu amwe aze vamwene ngwavo pamo akuhenga, vasonekelenga mazu kana kukulo yamukanda wavo. VaMasoretes kavasakile kuhaka vyuma vyakuhenga muMbimbiliyako. Professor Moshe Goshen-Gottstein ahanjikile ngwenyi: “Vachimwene kupwa himulonga waunene chikuma kusonekamo vyuma vyakuhenga.”

Chamuchivali, kuvula chajimanyusikilipiti jakushikulu chili nakukafwa vatu valinangula vyaMbimbiliya vawane mazu akuhenga. Chakutalilaho, vatwamina vamukwitava vanangwilenga vatu hamakulukaji amyaka amavulu ngwavo muMbimbiliya yamulilimi lyaLatinyi mwatwama mazu akwoloka. Oloze vahakile mazu akuhenga aze twavulukanga hakavanga ahali WaYowano 1, 5:7. Mazu kana awa akuhenga engilile namuMbimbiliya yaChingeleshi yaKing James Version yize vamona vatu ngwavo yakwoloka. Jino jimanyusikilipiti jeka jize vawanyine, jasolwele vyuma muka? Kutalisa kumazu ahali Yowano 1, 5:7, Bruce Metzger asonekele ngwenyi: “Mujimanyusikilipiti josena jakushikulu (Syriac, Coptic, Armenian, Ethiopic, Arabic, Slavonic), kamwatwama mazu kanako, kuvanga kaha muchiLatinyi.” Ngocho omu vahitulukile nakusoneka cheka Mbimbiliya yaKing James Version, mazu kana awa akuhenga vawafumishilemo.

Uno jimanyusikilipiti jakushikulu jasolola ngachilihi nge mujimbu wamuMbimbiliya kawalumukileko? Omu vawanyine mikanda yaDead Sea Scrolls mu 1947, vatu vaze valinangula chikuma vesekesele vyuma vasonekele mumukanda wachiHepeleu waMasoretic text kuvyuma vize vasonekele mumikanda yakuvunga yamuMbimbiliya yize vasonekele kafwe myaka yakuhambakana 1000 kunyima. Lunga umwe uze apwile halizavu lyavatu vaze vasonekele mikanda yaDead Sea Scrolls akukulwile ngwenyi, mukanda umwe wakuvunga “wahanyine unjiho wakutamo, wakusolola nge mazu amuMbimbiliya aze vanungulwile vaYuleya kafwe myaka yakuhambakana 1000 apwile akwoloka.”

Chisete chamikanda chaChester Beatty Library chamuIreland, mumbaka yaDublin, chikwechi mikanda yamateve yize yemanyinako kafwe mikanda yosena yaVisoneka VyachiHelase vyaVaka-Kulishitu, kuhakilako vene najimanyusikilipiti jize vasonekele mulikulukaji lyamyaka lyamuchivali C.E. Mwahichile myaka 100 kufuma haze vakumishile kusoneka Mbimbiliya. Ndikishonali vavuluka ngwavo The Anchor Bible Dictionary yasolola ngwayo: “Numba tuhu mikanda yaMateve yatwama namijimbu yayivulu yamuMbimbiliya, oloze yasolola nawa nge mijimbu vanungulwile kayalimbalaka nayamuMbimbiliyako.”

VYUMA VYAFUMINEMO: Kushimbula chajimanyusikilipiti jamuMbimbiliya nakuvula chajo vinalingisa Mbimbiliya yipwenga yakwoloka muchishishisa chakutanganyisa mujimbu wamuMbimbiliya. Chilolo Frederic Kenyon asonekele kutalisa kuVisoneka VyachiHelase vyaVaka-Kulishitu ngwenyi: “Kakweshi mukanda weka wakushikulu watwama namijimbu yaunjiho wakwoloka kuhambakana mazu atwamamoko kaha nawa kakweshi muka-kulinangula mwahamika ngwenyi visoneka vize tuli navyo makumbi ano kavyapwa vyakwolokako.” Kaha nawa mutu alinangula chikuma William Henry Green ahanjikile kutalisa kuVisoneka vyachiHepeleu ngwenyi: “Tunahase kukukulula ngwetu kakweshi mukanda weka wakushikulu vananungulula mujila yakwoloka ngana mwavisoneka kanako.”