VYUMA muka vyeji kwizanga muvishinganyeka vyenu nge namuvuluka hachihela veji kumwangilanga swali? Munahase kushinganyeka ngwenu hachihela kana hali majilo nalivumba lyalipi. Ngachize kamweshi kushinganyeka ngwenu hachihela kana munahase kuwanaho chuma chamwaza, chachilemuko.

Oloze kunyima mulikulukaji lyamyaka vawanyine chuma chandando yayinene hamulumba waswali. Chuma kana kachapwile nge chize nachihetesa mutu luheto lwakumujimbako, oloze chapwile chuma cheka chakulipwila chandando yayinene. Uno chuma muka vene ocho? Uno chuma kana nachitunganyalisa ngachilihi etu makumbi ano?

Kumaputukilo alikulukaji lyamyaka lyakusokesa 20, Bernard P. Grenfell naArthur S. Hunt, vaze valinangula chikuma haYunivesiti yaOxford, vayile kuEjipitu. Kahomu vahetele kuze, vakawanyine vihanda vyavivulu vyamateve hamilumba yaswali yapwile kwakamwihi nachinema chaNyile. Kuheta mu 1920, shimbu ava malunga vapwile nakuwanyisa wanyisa vize vihanda, Grenfell alanjililileko vihanda vikwavo kuli vize vavumbwile muEjipitu. Avilanjile nakuvihaka muchisete chamikanda chaJohn Rylands munganda yaManchester, muEngland. Chaluvinda ava malunga vosena vavali vafwile shimbu kanda vakumise kuwanyisa vize vihanda vawanyine.

Colin H. Roberts lunga weka uze alinangula chikuma haYunivesiti yaOxford, ikiye jino akumishile uze mulimo. Halwola apwile nakuwanyisa vize vihanda, awanyine kachihanda kaliteve kajisendimita 9 muusuku, kaha jisendimita 6 muwihi. Alikomokelele hakuwana vasona vasonekeleho vapwile namazu achiHelase aze apwile awenyembo kuli ikiye. Sali yimwe yapwile namazu aze atwama hamukanda waYowano 18:31-33. Kaha sali yikwavo yapwile namazu atwama havesi 37 na 38. Ngachize Roberts awahililile chikuma hakuwana mujimbu kanou waulemu chikuma.

Roberts ashinganyekele nge kachihanda kana vakasonekele lyehi. Oloze jino lwola muka? Hakusaka kuwana lwola vasonekele mazu kana, asekesele vasona vasonekeleho navaze vapwile hajimanyusikilipiti jakushikulu japwileko halwola luze vavuluka ngwavo paleography. * Kuzachisa jila kaneyi chamukafwile apandamiseko lwola vasonekele mazu kana. Chipwe ngocho hakusaka kutachikiza lwola luvene, akopele kaze kachihanda awanyine, nakutuma jikope kuli vatu vatatu vaze valinangula chikuma vyajimanyusikilipiti, nakuvahulisa vawane lwola vasonekele mazu kana. Uno vamukumbulwile ngwavo ngachilihi?

Omu ava malunga vatatu vakekesele vasona vapwileho, najila vasonekelelemo mazu kana, chavalingishile vosena vatatu vakukulule ngwavo kachihanda kana vakasonekele kumaputukilo alikulukaji lyamyaka lyamuchivali C.E, kafwe mwahichile kaha myaka yayindende kufuma hakufwa chakaposetolo Yowano. Oloze jila yakuzachisa palaeography kayasolola lwola luvene vasoneka jimanyusikilipitiko. Ngocho mutu mukwavo alinangula chikuma ambile nawa ngwenyi mazu vasonekele haze hakachihanda kaliteve, vawasonekele kafwe mukala lwola mulikulukaji lyamyaka lyamuchivali. Chikupu vene kachihanda kana kachili lika kakalemu. Kaha nawa kanashimbula chikuma hajimanyusikilipiti jaVisoneka VyachiHelase vyaVaka-Kulishitu jize vanawanenga.

Mwomwo ika kachihanda kana kaMujimbu Wamwaza waYowano kapwila kakalemu kuli vosena vaze vamona Mbimbiliya kupwa yayilemu makumbi ano? Kuli vyuma vivali vyalingisa ngocho. Chatete, mazu vasoneka hakachihanda kana atukafwa kutachikiza omu vaka-Kulishitu vakulivanga vamwene Visoneka kupwa vyavilemu.

Mulikulukaji lyamyaka lyamuchivali C.E., jimanyusikilipiti vajisonekelenga mujijila jivali. Yimwe  yapwile yakuvunga, yikwavo yapwile yakutunga nge mukanda. Mikanda yakuvunga vayitungile namateve chipwe namalambu aze vatongelenga nakupwa jino mukanda umwe wausuku. Mukanda kana vauvungilenga nakuuvungulula kala lwola vasakilenga kutanga. Kakavulu mukanda wakuvunga vausonekelenga sali yimwe kaha.

Oloze kaze kachihanda awanyine Roberts vakasonekele kujisali josena jivali. Kulumbununa nge kaze kachihanda kafumine mumanyusikilipiti keshi nge mumukanda wakuvungako. Mukanda wamanyusikilipiti vautungile natuvihanda twamalambu chipwe twamateve, nakuvinungasana visoloke nge mukanda.

Uno mukanda wamanyusikilipiti walihandunwine ngachilihi nauze wakuvunga? Vaka-Kulishitu vakulivanga vapwile vaka-kwambulula mujimbu wamwaza. (Mateu 24:14; 28:19, 20) Vambulwilenga mujimbu kuvatu kweshokwo vavawanyinenga, chipwe hamembo, chipwe havilanjilo chipwe mumikwakwa. (Vilinga 5:42; 17:17; 20:20) Ngachize chapwile chachashi kuwana Visoneka kuhambakana mumukanda wakuvunga.

Kaha nawa chapwilenga chachashi kuli mutu himutu chipwe vikungulwilo kunungulula mazu amuVisoneka mumikanda yavo vavene. Echi chikiko chalingishile Mikanda yaMujimbu Wamwaza vayisoneke chikuma, nakulingisa jino kwitava chavaka-Kulishitu chitande chikuma.

Chamuchivali, kaze kachihanda kaliteve kapwa kakalemu kuli etu mwomwo kasolola muchano wamumalimi akulivanga vasonekelelemo Mbimbiliya. Numba tuhu kachihanda kana katwama kaha najivesi jajindende jamumukanda waMujimbu Wamwaza waYowano, oloze mazu atwamaho alifwana namazu tuli nakutanga mujiMbimbiliya jetu makumbi ano. Mazu atwamaho atukafwa tumone nge mazu amuMbimbiliya apwa lika akwoloka chamokomoko tuhu nakuwakopololanga mapapa kakavulu.

Aka kachihanda kahanjika haMujimbu Wamwaza waYowano keshi kakiko kaha kasolola muchano wamuvisoneka vasonekele mumalimi akulivangako, kwatwama jimanyusikilipiti navihanda vyeka vyavivulu vize vyahana unjiho wakusolola nge visoneka vyamuMbimbiliya vize vasonekele mumalimi atete vyapwa vyamuchano. Werner Keller akukulwile mumukanda wenyi waThe Bible as History ngwenyi: “Eyi mikanda yamwaka yajimanyusikilipiti yatukafwa tufwelele mijimbu yatwama muMbimbiliya tuli nakuzachisa makumbi ano.”

Lufwelelo lwavaka-Kulishitu vamuchano kalwapendamina havyuma vavumbwojola vaka-sayasi vyakushikuluko. Vakiko vafwelela ngwavo, “Visoneka vyosena vavihwima kuli Kalunga.” (WaChimoteu 2, 3:16) Oloze tweji kwivwanga kuwaha hakumona mijimbu yayilemu yakunyima nayikundwiza vyuma yahanjika Mbimbiliya kufuma vene kunyima: “Mazu aYehova eji kwililanga haya myaka yosena.”—WaPetulu 1, 1:25.