MWATHA kutanda Mbimbiliya ya Chihevelu ndi? Hamo kumwatha, nambe mpamo kanda mumone Mbimbiliya ya Chihevelu. Oloni hamo munatha kukala na lishungu lya kutanda Mbimbiliya, hanima ya kulilongethako vyuma vimo kuli Elias Hutter, uje wathonekele Vimbimbiliya vivali vya Chihevelu mu chita cha myaka cha vu 16.

Elias Hutter wathemukile mu 1553, mu mbongi ya Görlitz, ije yakala mu Germany, kuyehi na nginga ya lifuti lya Poland na Czech Republic. Hutter walilongethele vindaka vya ku mafuti a ku Middle East ha Yunivesiti ya Lutheran, ku Jena. Mwakele na myaka 24, vamwangwile kupwa pulofesa wa ndaka ya Chihevelu mu Leipzig. Watengulwile vyuma, mwafwa washakele ngwendi vanu valilongethe Chihevelu na Chingiliki na Chilatini na Chigerman ha myaka iwana, ngechi washimbikile sikola mu Nuremberg. Ha thimbu oyo, masikola eka kuwakele na kulongetha vanu vindaka.

Mu 1587, Hutter wathonekele mutamba wa Mbimbiliya mu Chihevelu uje uvatumbula ngwavo Lithzivathano lya Laja. Ou mutamba wa Mbimbiliya vautumbwile ngwavo Derekh ha-Kodesh. Awa majwi vawambatele ku Isaya 35:8 aje alumbununa, “Tapalo ya Kujela.” Chifwa cheyi Mbimbiliya chalingithile vanu vaishangathzale na kwendeka ngwavo, “vyuma vyoshe vilimo vinapu vyavivwa.” Eyi Mbimbiliya yapwile yaivwa lalo, mwafwa yapwile chikwata cha theho, chije chakwathele, vana va sikola valilongethe ndaka ya Chihevelu.

Tuchithimutwiyeni ha vukalu vuvakele na kuwana vana va sikola omwo vakele na kutanda Vimbimbiliya vyeka vya Chihevelu, mangana tuthzivithithe vyuma vyanenethele ngwavo Mbimbiliya ya Chihevelu ya Hutter ipwe ya theho manene. Chakulivanga, mu Vimbimbiliya vikwavo vanapangetha vithona vije kuvathzivukile mwamuvwa vanu. Cha mu chivali, vithona vije vyakele kumaputukilo na kumamanethelelo a lijwi vyalingithile vanu vajeneke kuthzivithitha majwi mwamuvwa. Chakumwenako, Tuchikengeni ha lijwi lya Chihevelu lya נפשׁ (lije livanalumbununa ngwavo ne’phesh), kulumbununa “mwonyo.” Ku mukanda wa Ezekiyele 18:4, vanavwethzelelako thona ya ה (ha), kulumbununa ngwavo, lijwi lya mwonyo mukushula lipwa הנפשׁ (han·ne’phesh). Lijwi lya הנפשׁ (han·ne’phesh) neli lya נפשׁ (ne’phesh), linatha kusholoka ngwe linalithethze, kuli vaje kuvalilongethele.

Ha kushaka kukwatha vana va sikola, Hutter wapangethele mana mu kuthona mwamuvwa majwi a  Chihevelu. Wakele na kuthoneka tahi lijwi mpundu mu vithona vya vulombo vwa kuthzivala manene. Cho vithona vya ku maputukilo na kumamanethelelo a lijwi, wakele na kuvithona mu vundondo. Eyi thonekethi yakwathele vana va sikola kuthzivuka lijwi mpundu lya Chihevelu na kutanekeya vwathi eyi ndaka. Mbimbiliya ya New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References nayo inakavangeya thonekethi itunendeka helu ha majwi a kwinikila. * Lijwi mpundu vanalithoneka mu vithona vya mu vulombo vwa kuthzivala, cho vithona vya ku maputukilo na vithona vya ku mamanethelelo vavithonekele mu kukavangeya vithona vyoshe. Vyakumwenako vitunathimutwiya, vimwetha thonekethi yapangethele Hutter mu Mbimbiliya yendi ku mukanda wa Ezekiyele 18:4, cho ikeyo lalo ivapangethele na mu Mbimbiliya ya New World Translation—With Reference ku majwi akwinikila ha vesi eyi vene.

Hutter wathonekele lalo mutamba wa Mbimbiliya uje vatumbula ngwavo Lithzivathano Lyaliha mu vindaka 12. Eyi Mbimbiliya vaithonekelele ku Nuremberg mu 1599, cho vakaitumbula ngwavo Nuremberg Polyglot. Hutter walumbunwine Mbimbiliya ya Vithoneka vya Chingiliki vya Vaka-Kilisitu na mu ndaka ya Chihevelu. Ngechi wendekele ngwendi, “njakele na vimbongo vyavingi” vya kufwetela vyuma vya kupangetha mu chipangi cha kulumbununa Mbimbiliya mu Chihevelu, oloni kunjalingile ngocho mwafwa nakumo kwayi kuvyawaniwile. Ngechi walyanene ikeye vavenya kulumbununa mutamba wa Mbimbiliya wa Lithzivathano Lyaliha kutunditha mu Chingiliki kutwala mu Chihevelu. Hutter wakele vipangi vyeka kumukulo na kuthzethzama mu kulumbununa eyi Mbimibiliya mu mwaka umo lika.

Mbimbiliya ya Hutter ya Chihevelu ya Vithoneka vya Chingiliki vya Vaka-Kilisitu, yafwile vati? Muka-kutondethetha umo wa lithzina lya Franz Delitzsch, wa mu chita cha myaka cha vu 19 wathonekele ngwendi: “Mbimbiliya ya Chihevelu yathonekele Hutter yapwile yayathi kuithzivithitha vaka-Kilisitu, mwafwa yapwile na vyakumwenako vyavingi vyakukavangeya, cho lalo majwi amwo vawathonekele mwamuvwa.”

Kulumbununa Mbimbiliya, kukwafukithile Hutter, cho lalo na Mbimbiliya yathonekele kailandethele vimbongo vyavingi. Oloni chipangi chendi chapwile cha theho, cho chakwathele vanu vavangi. Chakumwenako, Mbimbiliya yendi ya Chihevelu ya Lithzivathano Lyaliha vaithonekele cheka lalo na kuipulinta mu 1661 kuli William Robertson na mu 1798 kuli Richard Caddick. Hutter walumbunwine lijwi lya Chingiliki lya Kyʹri·os (Mwene) neli lya The·osʹ (Njambi) kupwa “Yehova” (יהוה, JHVH) haje hamwene ngwendi eli lijwi vanalitunditha mu Vithoneka vya Chihevelu nambe haje hamwene lalo ngwendi hanapande kukala lithzina lya Yehova. Hutter walingile mwamuvwa omwo wathonekele lithzina lya Njambi mu Vithoneka vya Chingiliki vya Vaka-Kilisitu, nameme vanu vamo vaje valumbunwine Mbimbiliya ya Lithzivathano Lyaliha kuvalingile ngocho.

Nga muwana lithzina lya Njambi lya Yehova mu Vithoneka vya Chingiliki vya Vaka-Kilisitu, cho anukeni chipangi cha Elias Hutter na Vimbimbiliya vyendi vya kulitila vya Chihevelu.