MWAHA WOOSOMIYA 41
Munkavihere ntthu nonsomiheenyu Ibiiblya urwaa uhoolo mpaka wampattisiyaawe—Mphantte 1
“Nyuuva nkhanle iwarakha ya Kristu yantikheliyeehu hiiva khampa ananteko.”—2 AKOR. 3:3.
NCIPO 78 Ensinamos a Verdade com Amor
NINHALA WIITTHUCANI? *
Ankhalaka cani atthu otheene wanlokoni yamoonaka namasoma Ibiiblya apattisiyaka? (Nwehe iparaagarafu 1)
1. 2 Akorintu 3:1-3 innikavihera cani ucuwela iparakha irineehu yonkavihera ntthu nonsomiheehu Ibiiblya urwaa uhoolo mpaka wampattisiyaawe? (Nwehe ilatarato iri wakaapani.)
NNOKHALAKA cani mwamoonaka namasoma Ibiiblya o wanlokoni winyu apattisiyaka? Khweeliini nyuuva unawuutteelani nrima! (Mat. 28:19) Ni wakhala wiira thi nyuuva munsomihale Ibiiblya, unaatepa wuutteelani nrima cinene nlattu woomoona uyo apattisiyaka! (1 Atesal. 2:19, 20) Upattisiya wawe ntthu nonsomiheehu Ibiiblya unthoonyera wiikurumica wihu ni nteko uvaraleehu wamoca naanamalalyeera o wanlokoni wiira ninkavihere uyo ntthuuyo. Phimaana atthu ansomihiya Ibiiblya yapattisiyaka, ankhala toko “iwarakha coottottopela” nteko uvanryaaya atthu yaasomihale ni cowaattottopela ciicammo anamalalyeera akhwaawe o wanlokoni.—Nsome 2 Akorintu 3:1-3. *
2. a) Itthuni yuulupale ninlamuliyeehu wiikoha ni nlattuni? b) Unsomiha ntthu Ibiiblya ikhanle isiyani? (Nwehe niwehero no vathi waya ipaagina.)
2 Unaanitteela nrima woona wiira myaakha micese civinre, ntuninyani motheene anaasomihiya Ibiiblya * atthu 10.000.000 khula mweeri. Ni myaakha coomicese, ahopattisiya atthu ookhalaka 280.000 wiira akhale Masaahiti a Yehova ni atthari a Yesu Kristu. Vano atthu enci ansomihiya Ibiiblya, ninhala waakavihera cani wiira apattisiye? Yehova nawaavaha ukati atthu wiira akhale atthari a Kristu. Ni hiiva nihaana wiikurumica upanka yotheene inkhitiriihu wiira naakavihere urwaa uhoolo ni upattisiya uhinaaya umala uyo ukatyuuyo. Kontha ukati unhala uri moomala wowaakuvyaaca!—1 Akor. 7:29a; 1 Pet. 4:7.
3. Isiyani inhaleehu woona nhina ula mwahoola?
3 Ukhala wiira ukati uhanle vakaani wiira naapanke eetthuci, Mphwinko wo Mahumu Unhoolela uhokoha mmapeteli isiyani inlamuliya upankiya wiira akaviheriye atthu ansomihiya Ibiiblya urwaa uhoolo ni upattisiya. Nhina ula mwahoola ni mwaha nkiina unhaleehu ukela, ninaahala woona isiyani impankaaya mapiyoneeru, mamisiyonaariyu ni mamootoli osirikwiitu. * (Miru. 11:14; 15:22) Ayo anaattonka isiyani inlamuliyaaya upanka atthu ansomiha Ibiiblya ni ale ansomihiya. Nhina ula mwahoola, ninaahala woona citthu thanu cinlamuliyaaya upanka atthu ansomihiya Ibiiblya wiira arwee uhoolo ni apattisiye.
UYO HAANA ASOMAKA IBIIBLYA KHULA ISUMANA
Munkohe ntthu nonsomiheenyu Ibiiblya wakhala wiira khanivo nipuro ninhaleenyu wonkoma wiira mmoopane mwaha wo mbiiblyani saana (Nwehe iparaagarafu 4-6)
4. Niireke atthu ahinkumiha ukati mwinci wiira asomihiye Ibiiblya anaahala urwaa uhoolo mpaka upattisiya?
4 Mayamunneehu ni asirokorihu akiina anonsomiha ntthu Ibiiblya aneemenle wankhorani wawe woohikela nluwani. Ala akhanle mananna onkavihera ntthu upheela wiitthica-tho Ibiiblya. Masi nansomihaka ntthu commo, hiiva khanimpicaka ni pooti ukhala wiira hiiva khaninonthotola khula isumana. Wiira ankavihere upheela-tho wiitthuca Ibiiblya, mayamunneehu ni asirokorihu akiina ananlepela nummeru nawe uyo ntthuuyo ni wahoolo ananlikarela awula anaamwantikhela mensagem wiira amoopane myaha co mbiiblyani. Ayo pooti ukhala myeeri cinci yakumihaka ukati vakaani wiira amoopane myaha co mbiiblyani uyo ntthuuyo, masi khanhala umwaalikelela khampa ntthu nonsomihaaya Ibiiblya. Niireke wiira ayo atthwaayo anaahala urwaa uhoolo ni upattisiya yaahikumiheke ukati ni yaahiikurumiceke wiira asomihiye Ibiiblya? Unawoonannya wiira mena.
5. Isiyani Yesu ihimyalyaawe nhina Luka 14:27-33 inlamuliyeehu uvarela nteko wiira naakavihere atthu anaasomiheehu Ibiiblya?
5 Ikwaha imoca, Yesu ahottonka nlattanihero ninthoonyera isiyani inlamuliyaawe upanka ntthu apheelaka ukhala nttharyaawe. Uyo ahottonka ntakihero na nlopwana mmoca aapheela uteka inupa yuulupale ni mwene mmoca aapheela urwaa urwaa ukhottoni. Yesu ahohimya wiira ntthu mpheela uteka inupa haana apacaka “wonkoma ni uwehera ihisapu yoohala uliva” wiira amalihe uteka inupaawe. Uyo ciicammo ahohimya wiira ule mwennyoole ahaana apacaka “wonkoma ni utotha ucuwela” wakhala wiira anatoropaawe yanhala ukhitiri upanka itthu yaapheelaaya. (Nsome Luka 14:27-33. *) Inanna imoca, Yesu ancuwela wiira ntthu nopheela ukhala nttharyaawe haana apacaka wuupuwela isiyani inlamuliyaawe upanka wiira akhale ntthari a Yesu. Phimaana nihaana naakurumicaka atthu anaasomiheehu Ibiiblya wiira naasomihe khula isumana. Ninhala waakurumica cani?
6. Isiyani ninlamuliyeehu upanka wiira naakavihere atthu anaasomiheehu Ibiiblya urwaa uhoolo?
6 Wakhala wiira ahaavo atthu anaasomiheenyu wankhora waya woohikela nluwani, mwancere wuncerera ukati unkhaleenyu mwaasomihaka ayo attwaayo. Atthunaka pooti wuncerera iveerusu co mbiiblyani cinhaleenyu woopela mwaha, uhiya woopela mwaha iveerusu imoca paahi. Wakhala wiira uyo ntthuuyo holemalela ukhala ukati mwinci mmoopanaka mwaha, munkohe wakhala wiira khanivo nipuro ninhaleenyu wonkoma wiira mmoopane mwaha saana. Itthu inhalaawe waakhula, inaahala uthoonyera wakhala wiira khweeliini naapheela usomihiya Ibiiblya awula mena. Nuukatyaaya, wiira munkavihere urwaa uhoolo, munkohe wakhala wiira uyo naahala upheela usomihiya Ibiiblya ikwaha piili khula isumana. Masi usoma Ibiiblya imaara piili khula isumana khawantosa.
NTTHENKACE KHULA MWAHA UNHALEENYU URWAA UNSOMIHA
Ntthenkace khula mwaha unhaleenyu urwaa unsomiha, ni munthoonyere mananna cinlamuliyaawe wiitthenkaca (Nwehe iparaagarafu 7-9)
7. Ntthu nsomiha Ibiiblya manannani cinlamuliyaawe wiitthenkaca?
7 Khampa namasomiha, nhaana ntthenkacaka khula mwaha unhaleenyu urwaa unsomiha. Woopacera, nsome mwaha unrweenyu unsomiha, ni nwehe ciicammo iveerusu ciromoliye nhina uyo mwahooyo. Ncuwelele ipontu cuulupale co mwaha unhaleenyu urwaa unsomiha. Muupuwele itiitulwaaya mwahooyo, isuputiitulu caya, makoho, iveerusu cantikhiye “nsome,” ilatarato ciri nhina uyo mwahooyo, ni ntothe wakhala wiira ihaavo ividiyu inhala unkavihera wiiweeha uyo mwahooyo. Mmuupuwelaka ntthu nohaleenyu unsomiha, muupuwelace mananna cinhaleenyu untaphulela mwahooyo wanhalaawe ukhitiri wiiweeha ni weettela.—Nem. 8:8; Miru. 15:28a.
8. Moolumo yantikhalyaawe Paulu nhina Akolosu 1:9, 10 anniitthuciha isiyani nhina waalompela atthu anaasomiheehu Ibiiblya.
8 Ukati uneetthenkaceenyu, munlompele ntthu nonsomiheenyu Ibiiblya. Munlepele Yehova wiira ookavihereni umwiitthuciha Ibiiblya ni mananna oohala unvara nrima. (Nsome Akolosu 1:9, 10. *) Mwiikohe wakhala wiira ihaavo itthu inhala unrika ukupali awula wiiweeha. Nhiliyale wiira itthu impheeleenyu ukhanle unkavihera urwaa uhoolo wiira apattisiye.
9. Isiyani inlamuliyeenyu upanka wiira munkavihere ntthu nonsomiheenyu Ibiiblya wiitthenkaca? Ntaphulele.
9 Ukati wonsomiha ntthu Ibiiblya, hiiva ninweherera wiira uyo asukhuru citthu Yehova ni Yesu cipankalyaaya ni apheele witthuca cinene. (Mat. 5:3, 6) Wiira usoma Ibiilya unkavihere, ntthu nonsomiheenyu haana aviriyanaka ratta-raatta citthu cineetthucaawe. Phimaana, munthonyere wiira unaareera utthenkaca khalayiiru khula mphantte wo mwaha unhaleenyu unsomiha ni wuupuwela mananna cinhalaawe weettela muukumini wawe. Isiyani inlamuliyeenyu upanka wiira munkavihere wiitthenkaca? Ntthenkace mwaha mmoca nkhayi ni ntthu nonsomiheenyu Ibiiblya ni munthoonyere mananna cimpankiyaaya. * Munthoonyere mananna cinhalaawe ukhitiri uphwanya waakhuliya waya makoho, ni munhimyere wiira itthu inhala unkavihera uhiliyala waakhuliya waya ayo makohwaayo, ukhanle ukhwererya. Vano munlepele wiira acipwe ni moolumwaawe. Acipwaka ni moolumwaawe, nyuuva nnaahala ucuwela wakhala wiira uyo heeweeha awula mena. Masi ihaavo itthu ikhwaawe inlamuliyeenyu unkurumica wiira apanke.
MMWIITTHUCIHE UMUULUMANA YEHOVA KHULA NIHUKU
Mmwiitthucihe ntthu nonsomiheenyu Ibiiblya umuulumana Yehova (Nwehe iparaagarafu 10-11)
10. Kontha isiyani unaareera usoma Ibiiblya khula nihuku, ni isiyani ntthu inlamuliyaawe upanka wiira Ibiiblya inkavihere?
10 Ntthu nosomihiya Ibiiblya haana apankaka citthu cikhwaawe veekha cawe uhiya paahi usomihiya Ibiiblya khula isumana. Uyo haana umuulumana ni unviriyana Yehova. Ni nohala unviriyana asomaka Ibiiblya khula nihuku. (Jos. 1:8; Isaa. 1:1-3) Mmwiitthucihe mananna oovarela nteko iporokaraama yoosomela Ibiiblya iri nsayitini jw.org. * Wiira usoma Ibiiblya unkavihere, nyuuva nhaana munkurumicaka wuupuwela isiyani Ibiiblya immwiitthucihaaya nhina Yehova ni isiyani inlamuliyaawe upanka wiira eettele citthu cineetthucaawe.—Mite. 17:11; Tiya. 1:25.
11. Ntthu nosomihiya Ibiiblya nohala wiitthuca cani ulompa ratta, ni kontha isiyani uyo haana anlompanka Yehova khula nihuku?
11 Munkurumice ntthu nonsomiheenyu Ibiiblya umuulumana Yehova khula nihuku. Nlompe ni nrimeenyu wotheene wamoca ni ntthu nonsomiheenyu, nhinaaya wancera unsomiha Ibiiblya ni ciicammo mwamalihaka unsomiha. Eewaka mavekelweenyu, uyo naahala wiitthuca unlompa Yehova Nluku ni nrimaawe wotheene mwancina na Yesu Kristu. (Mat. 6:9; Joau 15:16) Usoma Ibiiblya khula nihuku (unvirinaya Yehova) ni ulompa (umuulumana Yehova) unaahala unkavihera ntthu nonsomiheehu Ibiiblya utepa umpatthanana Nluku! (Tiya. 4:8) Upanka nnya citthunnya, unaahala unkavihera ntthu nonsomiheehu Ibiiblya wiira avaherere ukumyaawe wa Yehova ni apattisiye.
MUNKAVIHERE UKHALANA UPATTHANI NI YEHOVA
12. Nnohala unkavihera cani ntthu nonsomiheenyu Ibiiblya umpatthanana Yehova?
12 Hiiva nimpheela wiira ntthu nonsomiheehu Ibiiblya eetthuce myaha ca Yehova. Masi ciicammo nimpheela wiira uyo cinvare nrima citthu cimmwiitthuciheehu ni apheele weettela muukumini wawe. Yesu ahowiitthuciha atthu citthu cinci ni ayo waanaacivela wiitthucihiya nuuyova. Masi ayo yaakupanli untthara kontha citthu ceetthucihiyaaya cahaavara nrima. (Luka 24:15, 27, 32) Ntthu nonsomiheenyu Ibiiblya haana amoonaka Yehova ukhala eekhweeli ni haana umoona ukhala khampa Athumwaane, Nlukwaawe ni Mpatthannyaawe. (Isaa. 25:4, 5) Ukati wonsomiha ntthu Ibiiblya moopele mwaha cinene makhalelo omaana a Nluku. (Nkw. 34:5, 6; 1 Pet. 5:6, 7) Hataa munsomihaka mwahani, nhihiye unhimyacera makhalelo omaana arinaawe Yehova. Munkavihere woona makhalelo omaana arinaawe Yehova, toko nifento, unamaana ni uthunku. Yesu hohimya wiira nlamulo ‘nuulupale ni noopacera’ ukhanle ‘unfenta Yehova, Nlukwaa ni nrimaa wotheene.’ (Mat. 22:37, 38) Mwiikurumice waakavihera atthu anaasomiheenyu Ibiiblya unfenta Nluku.
13. Ntaphulele manannani cinlamuliyeehu unkavihera ntthu nonsomiheehu Ibiiblya wiitthuca makhalelo omaana a Yehova.
13 Ukati woomoopana mwaha ntthu nonsomiheenyu Ibiiblya, munhimyere itthuni inwiirihani unfenta Yehova. Iyo inaahala unkavihera ucuwela wiira nuuyo haana umpatthanana Nluku ni unfenta. (Isaa. 73:28) Niireke nlivuruni insomeenyu ihoolumiya itthu awula iveerusu yowuuvarani nrima inthoonyera nifento na Yehova, isariyaawe, ucuwelaca wawe ni ikuru cawe? Wakhala wiira ihaavo, moopole mwaha ni munhimyere ntthu nonsomiheenyu Ibiiblya wiira iyo phi itthu inwiirihani waafenta Apaapeehu o wiirimu. Masi ihaavo itthu ikhwaawe khula ntthu nosomihiya Ibiiblya inlamuliyaawe upanka wiira arwee uhoolo ni apattisiye.
MUNKURUMICE URWAA UMIKUTTHAANONI CO WANLOKONI
Munkurumice ntthu nonsomiheenyu Ibiiblya urwaa umikutthaanoni woohipica! (Nwehe iparaagarafu 14-15)
14. Toko cinhimyaaya Maberewu 10:24, 25, ntthu nonsomiheehu Ibiiblya nohala ukaviheriya cani urwaa uhoolo awaaka umikutthaanoni?
14 Otheene cihu nimpheela wiira atthu anaasomiheehu Ibiiblya arwee uhoolo ni apattisiye. Inanna imoca yo waakavihera, ukhanle waakurumica urwaa umikutthaanoni co wanlokoni. Mayamunneehu yancenre usomiha Ibiiblya khalayi aneera wiira ntthu nonsomiheehu Ibiiblya arwaaka umikutthaanoni nawaakuva urwaa uhoolo. (Isaa. 111:1) Mayamunna akiina ananhimyera ntthu nonsomihaaya Ibiiblya wiira apheelaka wiitthuca Ibiiblya saana, citthu cikiina nohala wiitthuca umikutthaanoni. Munsomele ntthu nonsomiheenyu Ibiiblya Maberewu 10:24, 25 (nsome *) wiira munthoonyere mananna cinhalaawe ukaviheriya awaaka umikutthaanoni. Munthoonyere ividiyu Inkhumelela Isiyani Usalauni yo Umwene? * Munkavihere ntthu nonsomiheenyu Ibiiblya wiira alakele uhilova umikutthaanoni.
15. Isiyani ninlamuliyeehu upanka wiira ninkurumice ntthu nonsomiheehu Ibiiblya uhilova umikutthaanoni?
15 Isiyani inlamuliyeenyu upanka wakhalaka wiira ntthu nonsomiheenyu Ibiiblya khanapaca urwaa umikutthaano awula alovaka venci? Munttonkacere wuutteelakani nrima citthu ciitthucaleenyu unkutthaanoni uvinre. Uyo oonaka mananna cintteeliyeenyu nrima nlattu woorwaa umikutthaanoni, naahala upheela ciicammo uhihaleela. Munvahe irevista Ukhalenla awula munvahe mwaalivuru Vida e Ministério Cristãos noopeliya mwaha wankutthaanoni. Munthoonyere miphantte cinhala woopeliya mwaha ni munkohe mphantteni utepale unciveleeha. Citthu cinhalaawe woona ni wiiwa, cinhala ukhala comaana uvikana citthu cotheene coonalyaawe ni ciiwalyaawe wankutthaanoni ottiini ikiina. (1 Akor. 14:24, 25) Uyo naahala waaphwanya atthu omakhalelo omaana anhalaawe waatakiha ni anhala unkavihera urwaa uhoolo ni upattisiya.
16. Isiyani ninlamuliyeehu upanka wiira naakavihere atthu anaasomiheehu Ibiiblya urwaa uhoolo ni upattisiya? Isiyani inhaleehu wiitthuca nhina mwaha nkiina unhaleehu usoma?
16 Isiyani ninlamuliyeehu upanka wiira naakavihere atthu anaasomiheehu Ibiiblya urwaa uhoolo ni upattisiya? Nihaana unkurumica khula ntthu wiira ninsomihe Ibiiblya khula isumana, ni nihaana unkurumica utthenkaca khula mwaha unhaleehu unsomiha. Ciicammo, nihaana unkurumica wiira amuulumane Yehova khula nihuku ni umpatthanana uyova. Ni ninlamuliya unkurumica ntthu nonsomiheehu Ibiiblya wiira awe umikutthaanoni co wanlokoni. (Nwehe ikwaaturu “ Isiyani inlamuliyaaya upanka ale ansomihiya Ibiiblya wiira arwee uhoolo ni apattisiye?”) Mwaha nkhwaawe unhaleehu usoma, unaahala uttonka citthu 5 cinlamuliyaaya upanka ale ansomiha Ibiiblya wiira ankavihere ntthu nonsomihaaya upattisiya.
NCIPO 76 Ninkhalaka cani nalalyeeraka?
^ par. 5 Wiitthuciha unkhala unkavihera ntthu wuupuwela ni upanka citthu ni mananna makhwaawe yahaacuwelaawe. Iveerusu yo mwaakha wo 2020, Matewus 28:19, inaanuupusera wiira nihaana naasomihaka atthu Ibiiblya ni waakavihera ukhala atthari oopattisiya a Yesu Kristu. Ula mwahoola unaahala uniitthuciha manannani ninhaleehu ukhitiri uvara saana uyo nteko muulupalyooyo.
^ par. 1 2 Akorintu 3:1 Niireke nihancera wiittottopela tootho? Awula, toko atthu akiina cimpankaaya, nimpheela iwarakha coottottopela cinhaleehu wuuveleeliherani awula nyuuva cinhaleenyu univeleelihera? 2 Nyuuva nkhanle iwarakheehu, yantikhiye wanrimani wihu, incuweliya ni insomiya naapinaatamu otheene. 3 Kontha unawoonannya wiira nyuuva nkhanle iwarakha ya Kristu yantikheliyeehu hiiva khampa ananteko, ihantikhiye niitinta, masi yantikhiye ni nnepa wowaarya wa Nluku eekhweeli; ihantikhiye mmalukuni, masi yantikhiye mwiirutthuni, wanrimani winyu.
^ par. 2 NUULUMO NOOTAPHULELIYA: Nyuuva mwamoopanaka ntthu myaha co mbiiblyani woohihiyerera, unkhala unsomiha Ibiiblya. Wakhala wiira nhoturuwela imaara piili umoopana mwaha wiira munthoonyere mananna cinhaleenyu unsomiha Ibiiblya ni moonaka wiira khannohala uhiyerera urwaa unsomiha, pooti umwaalikela nrelatooriyuni winyu yo wuulalyeerani.
^ par. 3 Nnya myaha miilinnya cinawuuluma citthu cihimiye nhina mphantte “Como dirigir estudos bíblicos progressivos” waakumiheriye nhina O Nosso Ministério do Reino o Julho 2004 mpaka Maio 2005.
^ par. 5 Luka 14:27 Ule hincisa nipotto nawe ni hinkitthara, khanlamuliya ukhala nttharyaaka. 28 Wootakihera, tipani vaa aahaala upheela uteka inupa yoorekama, woohipaca toko wonkoma ni uwehera ihisapu yoohala uliva, wiira oone khampa haana nsurukhu wootosera? 29 Aahipankeke commo, uyo nkowancera uhela maluku wiira ateke inupaawe, masi khanhala ukhitiri umaliha uteka, ni atthu otheene anhala umoona anaahala unthyaaca, 30 yeeraka: ‘Ula nlopwanoola hopacera uteka, masi khakhitinri umaliha.’ 31 Awula mweneni, mpheela umwaanana ikhotto mwene nkiina, hinhala upaca wonkoma ni utotha ucuwela wakhala wiira anatoropa 10.000 arinaawe anaahala waakhitiri anatoropa 20.000 anwa umwaanana ikhotto? 32 Khweeliini, uyo oonaka wiira khanhala waakhitiri, nawaaruma atthwaawe ni nampankanana nleehano nonnema mwene nkiina nanlelo naryeene uttayi. 33 Inanna imoca, nkupali wiira khula ntthu iriyariinyu hinhala uleva mihakhu cawe cotheene khanhala ukhala nttharyaaka.
^ par. 8 Akolosu 1:9 Hataa phimaana, ukhuma nihuku niiwaleehu iyo, khanihiile wuulompelani ni ulepela wiira ntepe ucuwela ikhweeli nhina itthu impheelaawe, nthoonyeraka ucuwelaca ni wiiweeha myaha coominepani, 10 wiira nkhalane meettelo oophwanela uhoolo wa Yehova, wiira muntteelihe nrima ratta-raatta, ukati uhinhiyeenyu wiimiha mihokorokho nhina miteko comaana cotheene ni wuncerera ucuwela ikhweeli ya Nluku.
^ par. 9 Moone ividiyu yo minutu 4 irina mwaha uneera “Ensine os Estudantes a Prepararem o Estudo.” Nhina JW Library®, nkele wantikhiye ÁUDIO E VÍDEO > AS NOSSAS REUNIÕES E OBRA DE PREGAÇÃO > COMO SER UM PUBLICADOR MELHOR.
^ par. 10 Nkele wantikhiye ENSINOS BÍBLICOS > AJUDAS PARA ESTUDAR A BÍBLIA.
^ par. 14 Maberewu 10:24 Ni nihaana niwaceranaka wiira nikurumicane uthoonyera nifento ni upanka miteko comaana, 25 woohihiya uthukumana, toko cilamalenlyaaya atthu akiina, masi nilipihanaka, utepa wanooneehu waattamela nihuku.
^ par. 14 Nhina jw.org®, nkele wantikhiye IBIBLIYOTEKA > IVIDIYU > MIKUTTHAANO CIHU NI NTEKWEEHU WOOLALYEERA > IKARUMA CO WUULALYEERANI.
