Wakapiliwula Wawili Wano Wanyosezizye Izina lya kwe Leza mwi Tesitamento Lipya
Pa mapepo yonsinye yano awantu wakapepa, ipepo lye Tatakulu lino Yesu wasambilizizye awasambilizi wakwe aliino awavule wakatalicila ukusambilila. Lyo-o ipepo likazanwa mu luwali lwe Baibolo luno wakakwita ukuti Ilayano Pya. Lyatalicila na mazwi ya kuti: “Tata witu wamwiyulu; izina lyako lichindikwe [nanti lyimichilwe].” (Mateyu 6:9) Lelo nanti ciwe wo-o izina lya kwe Leza ilyakuti Yehova. Lino mu cizungu wakati Jehovah, nanti lino wamwi wakati Yahweh lisizanwa mu mawupiliwulo amavule aya mu Cizungu mwi Layano Pya. Lelo amazina ye twaleza twa wufi ndi vino Zeusi, Hermesi, ne Artemi yeni amo yawa. Nomba ngacakuti wangalumbula izina lyakwe twaleza twawufi mwe Baibolo, amulandu ci wuno wangasila izina lya kwe Leza wacisinka Umweneco wa mazwi yano yawa mu Baibolo?—Imilimo 14:12; 19:35; 2 Timoti 3:16.
E Baibolo yi Layano Pya, yalumbula amazina ye twa leza twa wufi utuvule, uzye vwilani citange ciwe icete ukuti yilumbule ni zina lya kwe Leza wacisinkanye?
Wano wapiliwuzile e Baibolo wa Cizungu, e Lancelot Shadwell nu Frederick Parker wazumizile ukuti izina lya kwe Leza mwi Layano Pya lifwile ukunyoka na swinya. Amulandu ci wuno twavwanjila ukuti lifwile ukunyoka “naswinya”? Amuno wizile awazana ukuti izina lya kwe Leza amuno lyalinji mwi Layano Pya, nomba kwalinji wano walifumizyemo. Acani cino calenzile walande ukuti izina lya kwe Leza walifumizyemo mwe lo-o uluwali lwe Baibolo?
E Shadwell ne Parker wamanyile ukuti amamanyusikiriputi yano yakakwitwa Ilayano Kali, yano wayalembezile mu ci Heberi, yalumbuzile izina lya kwe Leza imiku imivule. Acino watalisile ukwelenganya cino calenzile ukuti mumamanyusikriputi ayi Layano Pya yano yalinjipo mutawa izina lya kwe Leza. a Cinji acakuti e Shadwell wizile azana ukuti mu mamanyusikripiti yi Layano Pya pano pawanga amazwi ya mwi Layano Kali ndi vino ilyakuti “umungeli wa kwe Yehova,” wano wakopololanga Ilayano Pya ilya mu ci Griki wafumyangapo izina lya kwe Leza nukuwikapo amazwi ya kuti Kyʹri·os cino cikasula ukuti “Mfumu Leza.”—2 Izyamfumu 1:3, 15; Imilimo 12:23.
Izina lya kwe Leza mu ciHeberi
Napano e Shadwell ne Parker watani wafumye ama Baibolo yano wapiliwuzile mu Cizungu, lyo wakapiliwula wanji wanyosezya izina lya kwe Leza mu mawupiliwulo yawo aya mu Cizungu mwi Layano Pya, nanti acakuti watalinyocezizye mu ncende imvule. b Pano citani cifike mu 1863, pano e Parker atani afumye Uwupiliwulo wi Layano Pya, cikaloleka ukuti kutalinji nanti wenganye pe wano wapiliwulanga Icizungu wino wanyosezizye izina lya kwe Leza imiku imivule mwi Layano Pya ndi vino e Shadwell ne Parker wacisile. Nomba avyani vino twamanya pe wa-a wawili, akuli ukuti pe Lancelot Shadwell nu Frederick Parker?
E Lancelot Shadwell
E Lancelot Shadwell (1808-1861) walinji we loya, e mwana Sir Lancelot Shadwell, wino walinji we vice chancellor wa mu England. E Lancelot Shadwell wapepanga mu Church of England. Nanti acakuti wazumizile mu cisambilizyo ca wa Leza watatu, wacindisile sana izina lya kwe Leza, walilandanga ukuti “izina lya lulumbi ilyakuti YEHOVA.” Mu Mabuku ya Malandwe yawili yano wapiliwuzile akuli kuti e Mateo ne Marko, wawomvizye izina lya kuti “Yehova” imiku 28 apano ni miku 465 mu mazwi yakulundako.
Pamwi e Shadwell wasambilizile pi zina lya kwe Leza mu mawaliko yi Layano Kali, mwe Baibolo yakutalicilapo iya ciHebere. Walanzile ukuti wano wafumizyepo izina lya kwe Leza nukupyanizyapo izwi lyakuti Kyʹri·os mu mawaliko ya ciGreek ayi Layano Kali, “watalinji awakapiliwula wa cisinka.”
Ilandwe ukulingana ne Mateyu lyalandwa mu Cizungu, ne L. Shadwell (1859), provided by the Bodleian Libraries. Licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 UK. Modified: Text highlighted
E Baibolo yino e Shadwell wapiliwuzile yo yikulanjizya e Mateyu 1:20
Pamuku wakutalicila pano e Shadwell wawomvizye izina lyakuti “Yehova” apano wapiliwulanga iwaliko lya kwe Mateyu 1:20. Amazwi yakwe pe lyo-o iwaliko yalanzile ukuti: “Izwi lyakuti [Kyʹri·os] pe lyo-o iwaliko na mu mawaliko yanji [mwe] N.T. likapiliwula ukuti YEHOVA, izina lyacisinka ilya kwe Leza: swinya cicindime nkaninye ukunyocezya lyo-o izwi mwe Baibolo iyipiliwulwe iya cizungu.” Walanzile nukuti: “Tuzipizile ukucita wo-o pakuti tucindike Leza. Wayimanyisya umweneco ukuti we YEHOVA: swinya cingazipa ukuwaliwomvya pano tukulanda pe weliwe.” Wakonkinyepo ukuti: “Mwe E.V. [Established, Authorized, nanti King James Version] izina lya kuti YEHOVA litavulila ukuzanwamo . . . Ukucila ukuwikapo izina lya kwe Leza, wawikapo, Imfumu.” E Shadwell walanzile pe co-o ukuti: “Imfumu . . . Alilumbo limwi lino litayana nanti katicinye” ukupyanizya pi zina lya kwe Leza. Walanzile nukuti nawenyene ku mwawo wakamwita ukuti “Imfumu.”
“[E Leza] wayimanyisya ukuti we YEHOVA: swinya cingazipa ukuwaliwomvya pano tukulanda pe weliwe.”—Lancelot Shadwell
E Shadwell wafumizye ibuku lya kwe Mateyu lino wapiliwuzile mu 1859 apano. Ne mu 1861 wizile afumya e Mateo ne Marko iyikumbinkane. Nomba kucawulanda umulimo wakwe wizile awufika ku nsilo. Wizile afwa mu January 11, 1861, lyo ali ni myaka 52. Lelo nanti ciwe wo-o, ukuwombesya kwakwe kutayilevye mu minzi.
E Frederick Parker
Pano e Frederick Parker, e siwukazi wa ku London wivwile pe vino e Shadwell wapiliwuzile iwaliko lya kwe Mateo (1804-1888), wizile atalika ukupiliwula Ilayano Pya lyolivye ni myaka 20. E Parker wapusineko ne Shadwell, amuno weni atazumizile mu cisambilizyo ca wa Leza watatu. Walemvile ukuti: “[si] Icalici lyonsi ilya mwana wa kwe [Leza] . . . lizumile icisinka . . . nukupepa e Leza wamaka yonsinye wenganye nsu, e Yehova.” E Parker waweni ukuti, ama manyuscript yano yakawomvya izwi lya kuti Kyʹri·os pakulanda pe Leza ne Yesu nye, yakalenga cawoma ukumanya uwupusano wuno wawa pe Leza ne Yesu. Acino wivwile icete nkaninye pakulola ukuti e Shadwell mumwi muno mwalinji izwi lyakuti Kyʹri·os wawikangapo ukuti “Yehova.”
Uzye cani calenzile ukuti e Parker ayivwicisye vyo-o? Apamulandu, wakuti wawazyanga iciGreek swinya walemvile amabuku amavule na ma trakiti yano yalandanga pa milembele nanti vino iciGreek cawa. Cinji acakuti, wizile awa we membala wa kawungwe ka Anglo-Biblical Institute, kano kazumilizizye ukuvwambilizya mu ma manyuscript ye Baibolo pakuti wafumya ama Baibolo ya mu Cizungu amazima swinya amivwike. Mu 1842, e Parker watalisile ukufumya Ilayano Pya lino watalicizile ukupiliwula mu viputulwa ivivule. c
E Baibolo yi Layano Pya yino e Parker (Heinfetter) wapiliwuzile
Vino Parker Wawombesizye Ukunyosezya Izina lya kwe Leza Pano Lyazipizile Ukuwa
Pa myaka yimwi, e Parker walemvilepo vimwi pa mawuzyo yamwi ndi vino: “Ampindi ci pano izwi lyakuti Kyʹri·os likakwiza mukuwomba kwe Tatakulu e Yesu? Swinya ampindi ci pano likakwiza mukulanda pa Mfumu Leza?” “Amulandu ci wuno izwi lya kuti Kyʹri·os ilivule wasiliwomvyezya kwi lumbo, nkandi kwi zina?”
Pano e Parker waweni vino e Shadwell wapiliwuzile iwaliko lya kwe Mateyu mu 1859 na vino walanzilepo pi zwi lyakuti Kyʹri·os, wizile asinincizya ukuti lyo-o izwi mumwi “lizipizile ukupiliwulwa ukuti Yehova.” Awuli umulandu wuno wapitulusile mwi Layano Pya lino wapiliwuzile pakuti anyocezye izina lyakuti Yehova monsinye muno lizipizile ukuwa, ukulingana nivilembo vya ciGreek. Acino e volyumu yonga iya mu 1863 yino wapiliwuzile izwi ni zwi (A Literal Translation) mwi Layano Pya, izina lya kwe Leza likazanwamo imiku 187. Cikaloleka ngati, yo-o ayili e Baibolo yakutalicilapo iya Cizungu yino yawa ni zina lyakuti Yehova mu mawaliko ya wina Klistu aya ciGreek monsinye d
Ifwa pano pali umutwe we Baibolo yi Layano Pya iya mu 1864 yino wapiliwuzile Parker
Mu 1864, e Parker wafumizye e Baibolo yakuti A Collation of an English Version of the New Testament . . . With the Authorized English Version. Wacisile wo-o pakulanjizya uwupusano wuno walinji pe ya-a ama Baibolo yawili. e
Pakulanjizya uwucindami wuno walinji mukunyocezya izina lya kwe Leza pano lizipizile ukuwa, e Parker wawomvizye ama versi amalekane lekane ukufuma mwe Baibolo ye Authorized Version, ukuwikakovye ne Waroma 10:13, pano pakati: “Wensi wino akupunda izina lya Mfumu, akumulambilizya, alitulwa.” E Parker wakolowozizye ukuti: “Uzye kukatela akuwapo wino wawazizyepo ya-a amazwi mwe Baibolo we Authorized English Version nukwelenganya ukuti wino wakulanda pa-a we Yehova, ase Yesu Klistu, Umwana wakwe swinya Imfumu yitu, . . .”?
Waroma 10:13 mwe Baibolo ye King James Version (papela) ne Baibolo ya mu 1864 yino Parker wapiliwuzile
E Parker wasumvile indalama imvule nkaninye pakutivye afumye nukusalanganya ama trakiti, ama pepala nga na vinji vino walemvile. Mu mwaka wonganye wawomvizye indalama 800 pounds, yino ingalingana ukucila amapound ya ku Britain 100,000 ($132,000 U.S.) pe yo-o impindi. Watumile na ma kopi ya mabuku amavule yano wafumizye ku wantu wano wamanyile na kwa simapepo wapapela pakuti wapitulukemo.
Wano wasambililanga pa vye Baibolo wamwi watalisile ukuseka e Parker pe vino walemvile nu kupiliwula Ilayano Pya. Vino wa-a awantu wacisile vyalanjizizye apatiswenye ukuti, watasalifizye nukucindika vino e Parker, e Shadwell nga na wanji wano wawombesizye pakunyocezya izina lya kwe Leza palyanye pano lizipizile ukuwa mwe Baibolo yi Layano Pya iya mu Cizungu.
Ncepamwi mungakunda nu kutamba e vidyo ya ma mineti 10 yino yalandapo pe vyo-o: Ukuya Mukutandalila ku Museum ya ku Warwick: “E Baibolo ni zina lyakuti Yehova.”
a “Jah,” izwi lyakufupizya ilya kuti “Yehova,” likazanwa mwe Baibolo pa Ukuwumbulika 19:1, 3, 4, 6 pi zwi lyakuti “Hallelujah,” lino likapiliwula ukuti “Lumbanyani e Jah!”
b E Shadwell atapiliwuzile amabuku yi Layano Pya yonsi. Pawa nawakapiliwula wanji ponga ngati we Philip Doddridge, Edward Harwood, William Newcome, Edgar Taylor, ne Gilbert Wakefield.
c Mu mabuku yano yalandanga pa vya mipepele na mwe Baibolo yino wapiliwulanga, e Parker wawomvyanga izina lyakuti Herman Heinfetter. Wacisile wo-o pakuti apusanyeko ku ncito yinji yino wawombanga mu wumi wakwe, akuli ukuti uwukazi. Lyo-o izina likazanwa imiku imivule mu visontelelo vya mazwi ivye Baibolo wa New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures.
d Mu 1864, e Parker wafumizye e Baibolo ye English Version iyi Layano Pya muno mwalinji izina lya kwe Leza imiku 186.
e Mukupita kwa mpindi, ukukolanako na vino Parker wapiliwuzile, mu Baibolo ya ciHebere ayi Layano Pya amavule yano wapiliwuzile, wawisilemo izina lya kwe Leza mu ma versi amavule. Swinya mu 1795, e Johann Jakob Stolz wafumizye e Baibolo ya ci German muno mwalinji izina lya kwe Leza imiku 90 ukufuma pe Mateyu ukufika kwe Yuda.