1. Hokolola iiningwanima mbyoka ya li ya ningwa pehanagulo lyaJerusalem.

MOMIMVO 607 manga Kristus inaa valwa, etangakwiita lyAababilonia li li kohi yewiliko lyomukwaniilwa Nebukadnezzar II olya li lya ponokele oshilando shaJerusalem. Shi na ko nasha naantu mboka ya li ya dhipagwa, Ombiimbeli oya ti: ‘Nebukadnezzar okwa dhipaga aagundjuka Aajuda, nomotempeli nokuli. Ina sila nando olye ohenda, omunona nenge omukuluntu, omulumentu nenge omukiintu, omuvu nenge ondjolowele. Okwa fike po otempeli noshilando, oongulu dhasho adhihe nuuyamba washo, e ta kumuna po edhingililokuma lyoshilando.’ — 2 Ondjal. 36:17, 19.

2. Elondodho lye endelela lini li na ko nasha nehanagulo lyaJerusalem Jehova a li a gandja, noshike sha li tashi ka ningilwa Aajuda?

² Ehanagulo lyaJerusalem kalya li li na okukumitha aakalimo yamo. Aapolofeti yaKalunga oya kala nokulondodha Aajuda uule womimvo dhontumba kutya ngele otaya tsikile nokwaasimaneka Ompango yaKalunga, otaya ka gandjwa miihaka yAababilonia. Aajuda oyendji oya li taya ka dhipagwa; nakehe ngoka inaa dhipagwa okwa li ta ka kala onkalamwenyo ye ayihe muupongekwa waBabilonia. (Jer. 15:2) Onkalamwenyolo muupongekwa oya li tayi ka kala ya fa peni? Mbela shono sha li sha ningilwa mboka ya li muupongekwa muBabilonia osho sha li sha ningilwa Aakriste yopethimbo lyetu? Ngele osho, uunake?

3. Uupongekwa womuBabilonia owa li wa yooloka ko ngiini kuupika moka Aaisraeli ya li muEgipiti?

³ Shoka aapolofeti ya li ya hunganeke, osha gwanithwa. Jehova okwa li a pe omayele mboka ya li taya ka ya muupongekwa okupitila muJeremia, kutya oye na okutaamba ko onkalo ompe, nokunyanyukilwa onkalamwenyo yawo. Okwa ti: “Dhikeni omagumbo [muBabiloni], mu kale mo. Tsikeni iitsambe, mu lye iiyimati yayo. Longeni uuwanawa wiilando mbyoka nde mu fala kuyo muupongekwa. Yi galikaneneni Omuwa, oshoka ngele oyi li melago, nane omu li melago.” (Jer. 29:5, 7) Mboka ya li ya vulika kehalo lyaKalunga oya kala nonkalamwenyo ombwanawa muBabilonia. Mboka ya li ye ya fala muupongekwa oya li ye ya pitike ya ninge iinima yawo yimwepo kuyo yene. Mboka ya li muupongekwa oya li nokuli ya pewa emanguluko lyokwiinyenga moshilongo. Babilonia osha li ondingandinga yomalandithilo muuyuni wonale, noondokumende dhimwe ndhoka dha monika po odhu ulike kutya Aajuda oyendji oya li yi ilongo hoka okulanda nokulanditha. Yalwe yomuyo oya ningi omangomba miihongomwa, nayamwe oya ningi nokuli aayamba. Uupongekwa womuBabilonia kawa li wa fa uupika womuEgipiti moka Aaisraeli ya li omimvo omathele dha piti. — Lesha Eksodus 2:23-25.

4. Kakele kAaisraeli mboka inaaya vulika, oolye ya li ya gumwa konkalo yuupika muBabilonia, nomangambeko geni ya li ya tulilwa po ge na ko nasha nokulongela Kalunga kawo momukalo ngoka a hokwa?

⁴ Nonando mboka ya li muupongekwa kaya li ye na shoka ya pumbwa, ongiini mbela kombinga yompumbwe yawo yopambepo? Otempeli yaJehova noshiyambelo shayo oya li ya hanagulwa po, naayambi kaya li we taya vulu okulonga ngaashi ye na okulonga. Mokati kaamboka ya li muupongekwa omwa li aapiya yaKalunga aadhiginini mboka kaaya li ya ninga sha shoku ya geelitha, ihe nayo oya li taya mono iihuna pamwe noshigwana. Ihe nando ongawo, oya li ya ningi ngaashi taya vulu, opo ya vulike kOshipango shaKalunga. Pashiholelwa, muBabilonia, Daniel nookuume ke yatatu, Shadrak, Meshak naAbednego, oya li yi idhilike iikulya mbyoka ya li yi indikwa Aajuda. Otu shi shi kutya Daniel okwa kala aluhe nokugalikana Kalunga. (Dan. 1:8; 6:10) Niishewe, kohi yelelo lyoshipagani, osha li itaashi wapa kOmujuda omutilikalunga a ninge kehe shimwe shoka tashi pulwa kOmpango.

5. Jehova okwa li u uvanekele oshigwana she shike, nomolwashike euvaneko ndyoka endhindhilikwedhi?

⁵ Mbela Aaisraeli oya ka vula ngaa we okulongela Kalunga momukalo moka a hokwa? Pethimbo mpoka, osha li tashi monika sha fa itaashi wapa. Babilonia ka li nando a mangulula mo aantu muupongekwa, ihe shoka inashi imba Jehova a gwanithe po euvaneko lye. Jehova okwa li u uvaneke kutya oshigwana she otashi ka mangululwa, nosho sha li sha ningwa. Shoka Kalunga u uvaneka kashi na siku sha kalele inaashi gwanithwa. — Jes. 55:11.

6, 7. Omolwashike sha simana kutse okupepaleka euvoko lyetu kombinga yuupongekwa womuBabilonia shokunena?

⁶ Mbela Aakrsite oya ningilwa ngaa nale oshinima sha fa shoka sha ningililwe mboka ya li muupongekwa muBabilonia? Oshifo shika osha kala uule womimvo tashi popi kutya aapiya yaKalunga yokunena oya yi monkalo ya fa yAababilonia mboka ya li muupongekwa momumvo 1918 nonokutya oya li ya mangululwa muBabilonia mo 1919. Ihe moshitopolwa shika nomwaashoka tashi landula, otatu ka kundathana kutya omolwashike twa pumbwa okupepaleka euvoko lyetu moshinima shika.

⁷ Dhiladhila kwaashika: Babiloni oshinene osho uukwaniilwa wuuyuni womalongelokalunga giifundja. Ando Akriste oya li ya pangelwa kuBabiloni oshinene mo 1918, andola oya ningi aapika yomalongelokalunga giifundja momukalo gwontumbo pethimbo ndyoka. Oshili  ndjoka otayi ulike kutya momimvo omilongo okuuka pIita Yotango yUuyuni, aapiya yaKalunga aagwayekwa oya li yi imangulula ko thiluthilu kuBabiloni oshinene, nokaya li we ya pikwa kusho. Nonando aagwayekwa oya li ya hepekwa shili pethimbo lyiita yotango yuuyuni, uudhigu mboka ya mono owa li we etithwa unene tuu komapangelo, ihe hakuBabiloni oshinene. Itashi ti nando kutya oshigwana shaKalunga osha li sha yi muupika waBabiloni oshinene mo 1918.

8. Yelitha nkene Uukriste washili wa li wa piyaganekwa. (Tala kethano lyopetameko.)

⁸ POpentekoste yomo 33, konima yokuvalwa kwaKristus, Aajuda omayuvi naamboka kaaye shi Aajuda oya li ya gwayekwa nombepo ondjapuki. Aakriste mbaka aape oya ningi ‘ezimo lya hogololwa, aayambi yOmukwaniilwa, oshigwana oshiyapuki, aantu yaKalunga mwene ya hogololwa.’ (Lesha 1 Petrus 2:9, 10.) Aayapostoli oya li ya tsikile okutonatela nawa omagongalo goshigwana shaKalunga manga ya li ye li po. Ihe unene tuu, konima yeso lyaayapostoli, opwa li pwa holoka aalumentu yamwe mboka ya kala “nokupopya iifundja, yi ihilile aalongwa.” (Iil. 20:30; 2 Tes. 2:6-8) Oyendji yomaalumentu mbaka oya li ye na iinakugwanithwa momagongalo, ye li aakuluntugongalo nokonima yethimbo oya ka ninga aniwa “aabisofi.” Aakwambepo mbaka oya li ye wete ye vule yalwe, nonando Jesus okwa li a lombwele aalanduli ye a ti: “One amuhe aamwayinathana.” (Mat. 23:8) Aalumentu aanamadhina mboka ya li ya lenga uufilosofi waAristotle naPlato, oya humitha komeho omadhiladhilo gelongelokalunga lyiifundja noye ende taya pingene po omalongo gomondjila gomOohapu dhaKalunga.

9. Hokolola nkene uukriste wiifundja wa tameke okulongela kumwe nepangelo lyaRoma, noshizemo kutya osha li shike.

⁹ Momumvo 313, konima yokuvalwa kwaKristus, omupangeli Constantine ngoka a li ta pangele mepangelo lyoshipagani lyaRoma, okwa zimine elongelokalunga lyiifundja ndika li kale paveta. Okuza kethimbo ndyono, Ongeleka nEpangelo oya li ya tameke okulongela kumwe. Pashiholelwa, omutumba gwongeleka ngoka gwa li muNicaea, Constantine, ngoka pethimbo ndyoka oye a li po pomutumba, okwa li a gandja elombwelo kutya omupristeli Arius, na falwe muupongekwa, molwaashoka okwa tindi okuzimina kutya Jesus oye Kalunga. Konima yethimbo, Theodosius I (379-395 konima sho Jesus a valwa) okwa ningi omupangeli gwaRoma, nongeleka yaKatoolika oyo ya li elongelokalunga tali dhana onkandangala mepangelo lyaRoma. Aanandjokonona oya li ya ti kutya elongelokalunga lyoshipagani lyaRoma olya taambiwa ko li li oshinima shopaKriste methelemimvo eti-4. Oshili oyo kutya pethimbo ndyono uukriste wiifundja owa li hawu longele kumwe nomahangano gopalongelokalunga gepangelo lyoshipagani lyaRoma, ge li iilyo yaBabiloni oshinene. Nonando ongaaka, omwaalu omushona gwAakriste aagwayekwa mboka ya li ya fa iilya, oya li taya ningi ngaashi taya vulu, opo ya longele Kalunga, ihe shoka ya popi kasha li sha hokiwa. (Lesha Mateus 13:24, 25, 37-39.) Osha yela kutya oya li ya fa ye li muupongekwa waBabilonia.

10. Okekankameno lini aanamitima omiwanawa ya li ya tindi okulandula omalongo gongeleka pethimbo lyoomvula dhontumba omathele dhopetameko konima yokuvalwa kwaKristus?

¹⁰ Shimwe ishewe, oomvula dhontumba omathele dhopetameko konima yokuvalwa kwaKristus, aantu oyendji oya li haya vulu okulesha Ombiimbeli mOshigreka nenge mOshilatina. Ano oya li haya vulu okuyelekanitha omalongo gomOohapu dhaKalunga nomalongo giifundja goongeleka. Shi ikolelela kwaashoka ya lesha mOmbiimbeli, yamwe yomuyo oya li ya tindi okulandula omalongo gongeleka kaage li pamanyolo, ihe osha li sha nika oshiponga kuyo, nosha li nokuli tashi vulu oku ye etela eso ngele taye shi popi montaneho.

11. Oshe ende ngiini, opo aakwambepo oyo ya kale tayu ungaunga nOmbiimbe?

 ¹¹ Konima yethimbo aantu oyendji oye etha po okulongitha elaka lyopaMbiimbeli, nongeleka oya li ya tameke okupataneka oonkambadhala dhokutoloka Oohapu dhaKalunga momalaka ngoka haga popiwa kaantu. Oshizemo, aakwambepo naantu yamwe mboka ya longwa oyo owala ya li taya vulu okulesha Ombiimbeli, nonando aakwambepo ayehe kaya li haya vulu okulesha nokunyola nawa. Kehe ngoka a li itaa tsu kumwe naashoka tashi longwa kongeleka okwa li e na okupewa eegelo enyanyalithi. Aapiya yaKalunga aagwayekwa aadhiginini oya li ye na okukala haya gongala meholamo muungundu, nayamwe kaya li nokuli haya vulu oku shi ninga. Ngaashi sha li muupongekwa waBabilonia shonale, aagwayekwa “aayambi” kaya li we taya vulu okulongela Kalunga momukalo gu unganekwa. Babiloni oshinene osha li sha tulila po aantu oompango oondhigu.

12, 13. Iinima iyali yini ya kwathele aantu ye ende taya manguluka mo muBabiloni oshinene? Shi yelitha.

¹² Mbela Aakriste yashili oya li ngaa taya ka vula okulongela Kalunga montaneho nomomukalo ngoka a hokwa? Eeno! Uuyelele wopambepo owa li wa tameke okuwilima, wu vule omilema omolwomatompelo gaali ga simana. Lyotango, opwa li pwa monika eshina hali humbatwa lyokunyanyangidha iileshomwa lwomomumvo 1450. Manga eshina lyokunyanyangidha inaali etwa miilongo yokUuninginino, Ombiimbeli oya li hayi nyolwa noonyala. Oombiimbeli odha li dha pumba nodha li dhi na ondilo. Osha li hashi kutha oomwedhi omulongo, opo omunyoli ngoka a pyokoka a nyanyangidhe Ombiimbeli yimwe ayike. Kakele kaashono, oopergamendi nenge iipa yiinamwenyo moka mwa li hamu nyolwa, oya li yi na ondilo noonkondo. Mepingathano naashono, omunyoli ngoka a pyokoka okwa li ha nyanyangidha  omapandja ogendji ge li 1 300 mesiku, sho ta longitha eshina.

¹³ Oshinima oshitiyali oshindhindhilikwedhi, osha li etokolo ndyoka lya li lya ningwa kaalumentu yontumba aalaadhi, lwopetameko lyomumvo 1501, ya toloke Oohapu dhaKalunga momalaka ngoka haga popiwa kaantu. Aatoloki oyendji oya li ya tula oomwenyo dhawo moshiponga sho taya longo iilonga mbika. Aakwangeleka oya li ya geya noonkondo, ya tila kutya pamwe uuna aalumentu naakiintu aanamitima omiwanawa taya lesha Ombiimbeli momalaka gawo, otaya ka tameka okupula omapulo ngaashi: ‘Mbela mOohapu dhaKalunga omwa popiwa ngaa omulilo gweyogolitho? Omwa popiwa ngaa okufutila oonakusa uuna taya fumvikwa? Okufuta aapapa naawilikisita?’ Shika osha li sha geyitha aantu noonkondo. Aawiliki yoongeleka kaya li tuu haya pulwa omapulo ogendji! Ongeleka nayo oya li ya kambadhala okwiipopila. Aalumentu naakiintu oya li ya dhipagwa sho taya tindi omalongo gongeleka, ngoka gamwe gomugo ga li ga kankamena kelongo lyoshipagani lyuufilosofi lyaAristotle naPlato, mboka ya li ko manga Jesus Kristus inaa valwa. Ongeleka oya li ya tokola okugeela neso mboka taya lesha Ombiimbeli; nepangelo olya li lye yi yambidhidha. Elalakano lyayo olya li okusitha aantu uunye kaaya leshe Ombiimbeli nokaaya pule we aakwambepo omapulo. Poompito odhindji oya li ye shi pondola. Nonando ongaaka, aantu oyendji mboka ya li omapenda, oya tindi okupangelwa kuBabiloni oshinene. Oya li ya makele Oohapu dhaKalunga noya li ya hala okutseya oshindji. Aantu oya li ye ende taya manguluka mo melongelokalunga lyiifundja.

14. (a) Oshike sha li sha ningwa po, opo oshili yOmbiimbeli yi uviwe ko nawanawa momimvo dhe 1800 nasha? (b) Hokolola nkene omumwatate Russell a li a kongo oshili?

¹⁴ Aantu oyendji mboka ya sa enota lyOohapu dhaKalunga, Ombiimbeli, oya li ya yi kiilongo hoka ya li taya vulu okukala ya manguluka oku yi lesha. Oya li ya hala oku yi lesha noku yi konakona nokulombwelathana kombinga yaashoka ya lesha nokaapu na ngoka te ya lombwele shoka ye na okukala yi itaala. Shimwe shomiilongo mbyoka osha li, Amerika moka Charles Taze Russell nooyakwawo ya li ya toto po momimvo dhe 1 800 nasha omulandu gwawo gwokukonakona Ombiimbeli. Elalakano lyomumwatate Russell olya li okumona kutya elongelokalunga lini lyomwaangoka ge li po tali longo aantu oshili. Okwa li a kambadhala okuyelekanitha omalongo gomalongelokalunga ogendji nogaamboka kaaye shi Aakriste naashoka Ombiimbeli tayi ti. Okwa li e shi dhimbulula mo kutya kapu na nando olimwe lyomugo hali landula Oohapu dhKalunga. Pompito yimwe okwa li a popi naawiliki yongeleka ya yolokathana. Okwa li e na einekelo kutya otaya ka taamba ko oshili ndjoka ye naalanduli ye ya mona mOmbiimbeli noku yi longa aantu yomomalongelokalunga gawo. Ihe aawiliki yomalongelokalunga kaya li ye na ohokwe mOmbiimbeli. Aakonakonimbiimbeli oya li ya mono kutya itaya vulu okulongela kumwe naamboka ye li melongelokalunga lyiifundja. — Lesha 2 Aakorinto 6:14.

15. (a) Uunake Aakriste ya li ya yi muupika waBabiloni oshinene? (b) Omapulo geni taga ka yamukulwa moshitopolwa tashi landula?

¹⁵ Moshitopolwa shika otwi longo mo kutya Aakriste yashili oya li ya yi muupongekwa waBabiloni oshinene konima yeso lyaapostoli yahugunina. Onkee ano, opwa holoka omapulo ogendji ngaashi: Uuyelele wuni wa gwedhwa po tawu ulike kutya momukokomoko gwomimvo ndhoka dha tetekele omumvo 1914, aagwayekwa oya li ye ende taya manguluka mo muupika waBabiloni oshinene? Mbela oshoshili ngaa kutya Jehova ka li u uvitile ombili aapiya ye, molwaashoka ya li itaaya vulu we okulonga nuudhiginini miilonga yokuuvitha pethimbo lyIita Yotango yUuyuni? Mbela aamwatate yamwe pethimbo ndyoka oya li ye etha po okwaanombinga kwawo e taya ningi shoka itaashi nyanyudha Jehova? Hugunina, ngele Aakriste oya li ya yi muupika welongelokalunga lyiifundja methelemimvo eti-2, manga Kristus inaa valwa okuuka komeho, uunake ano ya li ya manguluka mo? Omapulo ngaka ga simana otaga ka yamukulwa moshitopolwa tashi landula.