Inga-Kghani Bewazi

IDLALE

Inga-Kghani Bewazi

Ekadeni bekukghonakala na ukuthi umuntu angatjala ikhulu esimini yomunye umuntu?

Ikhophi yamakhasi ayi-1468 ye-Digest yomBusi uJustinian ngenye yamakhophi ephethe imininingwana yezinto zomthetho wendulo

KUMATEWU 13:24-26, kudzujulwe uJesu athi: “Umbuso wezulu unjengomuntu owatjala imbewu ehle esiminakhe. Kodwana kwathi woke umuntu asalele, isitha sakhe safika satjala ikhula hlangana nekoroyi sabe sakhamba. Kwathi lokha ikoroyi nayikhulako ithoma nokuphalaza nekhula nalo lazipha amandla.” Abatloli abahlukahlukeneko babuza bona umfanekiso lo ungathathwa njengento eyenzekako vele na, imitlolo yomthetho yamaRoma yekadeni ithi iye, ungathathwa njengento yamambala.

Esinye isihlathululi seBhayibheli sithi: “Ukutjalwa kwekhula esimini ngehloso yokuzibuyiselela . . . bekulicala elikhulu ngaphasi kokubusa kwamaRoma, ukuqakatheka komthetho lo bekungasi yinto eyaziwa kangako.” Isazi esingu-Alastair Kerr sahlathulula bona ngomnyaka ka-533, umBusi omRoma uJustinian wagadangisa incwadi ebizwa nge-Digest ekhuluma ngomthetho wamaRoma ebeyikhutjhwe zizazimthetho (zangesikhathi seminyaka pheze eli-100 ukuya kwema-250.). Ngokuya (nge-Digest, 9.2.27.14) isazimthetho ebesingunqondonqondo kwezomthetho wenarha u-Ulpian, saqalisela kelinye lamacala elakhe ladenjwa ngesinye seenkhulu zamaRoma uCelsus. Kwatjalwa ikhula esimini yomunye umuntu, konakala isitjalo ebesitjalwe lapho. I-Digest yasebenzisa umthetho ohlonyiweko bonyana iselelesi sibhadela umlimi ngebanga lomonakalo owenzekileko.

Umlandu omumbi loyo owenzeka esikhathini sokubusa kwamaRoma utjengisa ukuthi ubujamo ebakhe bahlathululwa nguJesu bebuliqiniso lento engenzeka epilweni.

Itjhaphuluko amaRoma ayinikela iinkhulu zamaJuda eJudiya ngekhulu lokuthoma, yakhamba yafikaphi?

NGESIKHATHESO, iJudiya beyibuswa maRoma, begodu bekunombusi obekabadosa phambili akhambisana namajonakhe. Umsebenzakhe kuhlekuhle bekukubhadelisa abantu umthelo eRomapho, begodu enze koke angakwenza ukuze indawo yoke ibe nokuthula beyihleleke. AmaRoma bekamhloye khulu umuntu obangela isiphithiphithi namkha onganabulungisa, umuntu onjalo bebamhlunguphaza namkha bamjezise. Ngale kwalokho, amaRoma bekanganawo nomncani umraro wokutjhiyela ukubusa isifundeso ezandleni zeenkhulu zendawo leyo.

ISanihendrini yamaJuda kudenjwa umlandu

ISanihendrini beyiyikhotho ephakemeko yamaJuda begodu bekungiyo ebeyithatha iinqunto malungana nemithetho yamaJuda. Bese kuthi amakhotho amancani wona, bekafumaneka yoke indawo eJudiya. Begodu kungenzeka ukuthi yoke imilandu ebeyithinta ihlala kuhle neyobulelesi beyidenjwa emakhotho lawo kunokuthi iye ebabusini beRoma. Nakwenzeka ikhotho yamaJuda le ingabi nesisombululo secala elidenjwako, amakhotho la bewanganalo ilungelo lokuphenyisisa isilelesi mhlamunye ngeembuzo namkha ngenye indlela. Lokho bekufuze kwenziwe baphathi beRoma kwaphela. Isibonelo salokho ngilesi sakaStefani lokha amalunga weSanihendrini nakazamgwebela bona abulawe ngokukhandwa ngamatje.—IzE. 6:8-15; 7:54-60.

ISanihendrini yamaJuda yanabanaba nomlandu loyo. Kodwana into ebekufuze “bangathomi bayenze” bekungile eyakhe yaphathwa sizazi sokutlola u-Emil Schürer wathi, “Abaphathi beRoma bebangawudemba umlandu bebarage nawo bona ngokwabo, njengombana benza ngomlandu othileko omalungana nepolotiki.” Omunye womlandu owadenjwa njalo ngilo owadenjwa mlawuli wamabutho uClaudius Lysias, owatlhogomela umpostoli uPowula obekasisakhamuzi seRoma.—IzE. 23:26-30.