MUTU 17
“Anakambirana Nawo Mfundo za M’Malemba”
Munkhaniyi tiona zimene zingatithandize kuti tiziphunzitsa mogwira mtima komanso tiona chitsanzo chabwino cha anthu a ku Bereya
Nkhaniyi yachokera pa Machitidwe 17:1-15
1, 2. Kodi ndi ndani amene anali pa ulendo wochokera ku Filipi kupita ku Tesalonika, nanga ayenera kuti ankaganiza chiyani?
AKATSWIRI a Chiroma anamanga msewu wamiyala wabwino kwambiri wodutsa m’mapiri. Kawirikawiri, mumsewuwu munkamveka phokoso la kulira kwa abulu, phokoso la matayala a magaleta, phokoso la anthu osiyanasiyana amene ankakhala ali pikitipikiti mumsewumo monga asilikali, anthu ochita malonda komanso amisiri osiyanasiyana. Nthawi ina, Paulo, Sila ndi Timoteyo nawonso anayenda mumsewu umenewu, ulendo wa makilomita oposa 130, kuchoka ku Filipi kupita ku Tesalonika. Ulendowu unali wovuta kwambiri makamaka kwa Paulo ndi Sila chifukwa chakuti mabala awo, amene anabwera chifukwa chokwapulidwa ku Filipi, anali asanapole.—Mac. 16:22, 23.
2 Kodi n’chiyani chinathandiza amuna amenewa kuti ulendo wautaliwo asaumve kuwawa? Iwo ankakambirana nkhani zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, iwo ankaganizirabe nkhani yosangalatsa yokhudza mmene woyang’anira ndende wa ku Filipi uja ndi anthu a m’banja lake anakhalira okhulupirira. Zimene zinachitikazo zinapatsa mphamvu amunawa kuti apitirize kulengeza mawu a Mulungu. Komabe, pamene ankayandikira mzinda wa Tesalonika, umene unali m’mphepete mwa nyanja, n’kutheka kuti iwo ankaganizira mmene Ayuda a mumzindawo akawalandirire. Kodi iwo akaukiridwa ndi kumenyedwa ngati mmene zinachitikira ku Filipi?
3. Kodi chitsanzo cha Paulo amene anafunika kulimba mtima kuti alalikire uthenga wabwino chingatithandize bwanji masiku ano?
3 Patapita nthawi, Paulo anafotokoza maganizo ake m’kalata imene analembera Akhristu a ku Tesalonika. Iye anati: “Ngakhale kuti poyamba tinavutika komanso kuchitiridwa zachipongwe ku Filipi, monga mmene mukudziwira, tinalimba mtima mothandizidwa ndi Mulungu wathu kuti tikuuzeni uthenga wabwino wa Mulungu pa nthawi imene anthu ankatitsutsa kwambiri.” (1 Ates. 2:2) Apa zikuoneka kuti Paulo ankachita mantha kulowa mumzinda wa Tesalonika, makamaka chifukwa cha zimene zinawachitikira ku Filipi. Kodi mukutha kumvetsa chifukwa chimene Paulo ankachitira mantha? Kodi inunso nthawi zina zimakuvutani kulengeza uthenga wabwino? Paulo anadalira Yehova kuti amupatse mphamvu ndi kumuthandiza kuti akhale wolimba mtima. Kuphunzira zimene Paulo anachita kungakuthandizeni kuti muzimutsanzira.—1 Akor. 4:16.
“Anakambirana Nawo Mfundo za M’Malemba” (Machitidwe 17:1-3)
4. N’chiyani chikusonyeza kuti mwina Paulo anakhala ku Tesalonika kwa nthawi yoposa milungu itatu?
4 Nkhaniyi ikunena kuti pamene Paulo anali ku Tesalonika, analalikira m’sunagoge kwa milungu itatu. Kodi zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti Paulo anakhala mumzindawo kwa milungu itatu yokha? Ayi si choncho, chifukwa chakuti sitikudziwa kuti Paulo atangofika mumzindawo anakhala nthawi yaitali bwanji asanapite kusunagoge. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, makalata a Paulo amasonyeza kuti pamene iye ndi anzakewo anali ku Tesalonika, ankagwira ntchito ina kuti azipeza zinthu zofunika pa moyo wawo. (1 Ates. 2:9; 2 Ates. 3:7, 8) Komanso ali mumzinda womwewu, Paulo analandira chithandizo kawiri konse kuchokera kwa abale a ku Filipi. (Afil. 4:16) Choncho zikuoneka kuti Paulo anakhala ku Tesalonika nthawi yaitali ndithu, osati milungu itatu yokha.
5. Kodi Paulo anachita chiyani kuti awafike pamtima anthu amene ankalankhula nawo?
5 Paulo analimba mtima ndipo analalikira uthenga wabwino polankhula ndi anthu amene anasonkhana musunagoge. Mwachizolowezi chake, “Paulo . . . anakambirana nawo mfundo za m’Malemba. Iye ankafotokoza ndiponso kusonyeza umboni wolembedwa powatsimikizira kuti zinali zoyenera kuti Khristu avutike, kenako auke. Ankanena kuti: ‘Yesu amene ndikumulalikira kwa inu, ndiye Khristu.’” (Mac. 17:2, 3) Onani kuti Paulo anapewa kulankhula zinthu zimene zikanakwiyitsa anthu amene ankamumvetsera, koma analankhula mowafika pamtima. Iye ankadziwa kuti anthu amene ankapita kusunagoge ankadziwa Malemba ndipo ankawalemekeza, koma kungoti iwo sankamvetsa Malembawo. Choncho Paulo anakambirana nawo mfundo za m’Malemba powafotokozera ndi kuwatsimikizira kuti Yesu wa ku Nazareti anali Mesiya wolonjezedwa, kapena kuti Khristu.
6. Kodi Yesu anagwiritsa ntchito bwanji Malemba, nanga zotsatira zake zinali zotani?
6 Paulo anatengera chitsanzo cha Yesu, amene ankagwiritsa ntchito Malemba pophunzitsa. Mwachitsanzo, Yesu ankauza otsatira ake kuti mogwirizana ndi zimene Malemba amanena, Mwana wa munthu ayenera kuzunzidwa, kuphedwa ndi kuukitsidwa. (Mat. 16:21) Yesu ataukitsidwa anaonekera kwa ophunzira ake, ndipo zimenezi zinawatsimikizira kuti zimene anawauza m’mbuyomu zinali zoona. Koma, pali zinanso zimene anachitira ophunzira ake. Timawerenga kuti: “Anayamba kuwatanthauzira zinthu zokhudza iyeyo m’Malemba onse, kuyambira ndi Zolemba za Mose komanso zonse zimene aneneri analemba.” Kodi zotsatira zake zinali zotani? Ophunzirawo anafotokoza kuti: “Kodi si paja tinakhudzidwa kwambiri mumtima pamene amalankhula nafe mumsewu muja ndi kutifotokozera Malemba momveka bwino?”—Luka 24:13, 27, 32.
7. N’chifukwa chiyani n’zofunika kuti zimene timaphunzitsa zizichokera m’Malemba?
7 Uthenga wa m’Mawu a Mulungu ndi wamphamvu. (Aheb. 4:12) Choncho Akhristu masiku ano akamaphunzitsa, amagwiritsa ntchito Mawu a Mulungu potsanzira Yesu, Paulo ndi atumwi ena. Tikamakambirana ndi anthu timawafotokozera zimene Malemba akutanthauza ndipo timapereka umboni wa zimene tikuphunzitsazo powerenga nawo Baibulo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti uthenga umene timalalikira si wathu. Tikamagwiritsa ntchito Baibulo nthawi zonse, timathandiza anthu kumvetsa kuti sitifalitsa zochokera m’maganizo mwathu, koma timaphunzitsa Mawu a Mulungu. Ngakhale ifenso timakumbukira kuti uthenga umene timalalikirawu umachokera m’Mawu a Mulungu ndipo ndi wodalirika kwambiri. Kodi kudziwa zimenezi sikungakuthandizeni kuti muzilalikira uthenga wabwino molimba mtima ngati mmene Paulo anachitira?
“Ena . . . Anakhala Okhulupirira” (Machitidwe 17:4-9)
8-10. (a) Kodi anthu a ku Tesalonika anachita chiyani atamva uthenga wabwino? (b) N’chifukwa chiyani Ayuda ena anayamba kuchitira nsanje Paulo? (c) Kodi Ayuda amene ankatsutsa uthenga wabwino anachita chiyani?
8 Paulo anaona kuti zimene Yesu ananena zinali zoona. Yesu ananena kuti: “Kapolo sangakhale wamkulu kuposa mbuye wake. Ngati anazunza ine, inunso adzakuzunzani. Ngati asunga mawu anga, adzasunganso mawu anu.” (Yoh. 15:20) Pamene Paulo anali ku Tesalonika, anapeza anthu osiyanasiyana. Ena anali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndipo ankamvetsera zimene iye ankaphunzitsa, koma ena ankamutsutsa. Pofotokoza za anthu amene anamvetsera uthengawo, Luka analemba kuti: “Ena mwa iwo [Ayuda] anakhala okhulupirira [Akhristu] ndipo anagwirizana ndi Paulo ndi Sila. Agiriki ambiri opembedza Mulungu komanso azimayi ambiri olemekezeka anachitanso chimodzimodzi.” (Mac. 17:4) Ndithudi, ophunzira atsopanowo anasangalala chifukwa chothandizidwa kumvetsa Malemba molondola.
9 Ngakhale kuti ena anayamikira zimene Paulo ankaphunzitsa, ena anakwiya nazo kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, Ayuda ena a ku Tesalonika anayamba kuchitira nsanje Paulo chifukwa “Agiriki ambiri” analandira uthenga wake. Cholinga cha Ayuda amenewo chinali choti Agiriki alowe chipembedzo chawo, ndipo ankawaphunzitsa mfundo za m’Malemba a Chiheberi. Choncho ankaona kuti Agirikiwo ndi nkhosa zawo. Koma pasanapite nthawi, zinaoneka kuti Paulo akukopa Agirikiwo kuti asiye kutsatira Ayuda, ndipo ankachita zimenezi m’sunagoge mwenimwenimo. Ayuda ataona zimenezi anakwiya kwambiri.
“Anapita . . . kukafuna Paulo ndi Sila kuti awatulutse n’kuwapereka ku gulu limene linkachita chipolowelo.”—Machitidwe 17:5
10 Kenako Luka anafotokoza zimene zinachitika. Iye anati: “Ayuda anachita nsanje ndipo anasonkhanitsa anthu ena oipa amene ankangokhala pamsika. Iwowa anapanga gulu lachiwawa n’kuyambitsa chipolowe mumzindamo. Kenako anapita kunyumba ya Yasoni, kukafuna Paulo ndi Sila kuti awatulutse n’kuwapereka ku gulu limene linkachita chipolowelo. Atalephera kuwapeza, anakokera Yasoni ndi abale ena kwa olamulira a mzindawo, akufuula kuti: ‘Anthu awa, amene ayambitsa mavuto kwina konseku, tsopano akupezekanso kuno. Ndipo Yasoni wawalandira ngati alendo ake. Anthu onsewa akuchita zotsutsana ndi malamulo a Kaisara. Eti akunena kuti kulinso mfumu ina dzina lake Yesu.’” (Mac. 17:5-7) Kodi Paulo ndi anzakewo anachita chiyani ataukiridwa ndi gulu la anthu achiwawawo?
11. Kodi Ayuda ananamizira milandu yotani Paulo ndi anzake amene ankalalikira nawo uthenga wa Ufumu, ndipo Ayudawo ayenera kuti ankaganizira za lamulo liti? (Onani mawu a m’munsi.)
11 Anthu akayambitsa gulu lachiwawa, amachita zinthu zoopsa kwambiri ndipo samva za munthu. Ndipo izi n’zimene Ayuda anachita pofuna kuthana ndi Paulo ndi Sila. Iwo atayambitsa “chipolowe” mumzindamo, anayesetsa kutsimikizira olamulira kuti atumwiwo anapalamula milandu ikuluikulu. Mlandu woyamba unali wakuti Paulo ndi anzake amene ankalalikira nawo uthenga wa Ufumu “ayambitsa mavuto kwina konseku” ngakhale kuti Paulo ndi anzakewo si amene anayambitsa chipolowe ku Tesalonika. Mlandu wachiwiri unali woopsa kwambiri. Ayudawo ananena kuti amishonalewo ankalengeza kuti pali Mfumu ina dzina lake Yesu, ndipo pochita zimenezi iwo anaphwanya malamulo a mfumu ya Roma. a
12. N’chiyani chikusonyeza kuti Akhristu a ku Tesalonika akanakumana ndi mavuto aakulu chifukwa cha milandu imene anawanamizira?
12 Musaiwale kuti atsogoleri achipembedzo ananamizira Yesu mlandu ngati womwewu. Iwo anauza Pilato kuti: “Ife tapeza munthu uyu akupandutsa mtundu wathu . . . komanso akunena kuti ndi Khristu mfumu.” (Luka 23:2) Mwina poopa kuti mfumu ya Roma ingaganize kuti Pilato akulekerera munthu woukira boma, iye anapereka Yesu kwa iwo kuti akamupachike. Mofanana ndi zimenezi, Akhristu a ku Tesalonika akanathanso kukumana ndi mavuto aakulu chifukwa cha milandu imene Ayuda ankawanamizira. Buku lina limanena kuti: “Mlandu umene [Akhristuwo] ankawaimba unali woopsa kwambiri chifukwa ‘munthu amene ankaimbidwa mlandu woukira mfumu ya Roma, kawirikawiri ankapatsidwa chilango choti aphedwe.’” Kodi zolinga zoipa za Ayudawo zinatheka?
13, 14. (a) N’chifukwa chiyani anthu achipolowe analephera kuletsa ntchito yolalikira? (b) Kodi Paulo anasonyeza bwanji kuti ankachita zinthu mosamala ngati Yesu, nanga tingamutsanzire bwanji?
13 Anthu achipolowewo analephera kuletsa ntchito yolalikira ku Tesalonika. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa chimodzi n’chakuti sanathe kupeza Paulo ndi Sila. Komanso zikuoneka kuti olamulira a mumzindawo ankakayikira zoti milandu imeneyi inali yoona. Choncho iwo ‘atalipiritsa ndalama Yasoni’ ndi abale ena amene anawagwira, anawamasula. (Mac. 17:8, 9) Pomvera malangizo a Yesu akuti, “muzichita zinthu mochenjera ngati njoka koma moona mtima ngati nkhunda,” Paulo anachoka n’kupita kwina kuti akapitirize kulalikira kumeneko. (Mat. 10:16) N’zoonekeratu kuti Paulo anali wolimba mtima, koma zimenezi sizikusonyeza kuti ankachita zinthu zoika moyo pangozi. Kodi Akhristu masiku ano angatsanzire bwanji chitsanzo chake?
14 Masiku ano, kawirikawiri atsogoleri a matchalitchi amene amati ndi a Chikhristu amalimbikitsa anthu achipolowe kuti aukire Mboni za Yehova. Iwo amanamizira a Mboni za Yehova milandu youkira boma ndipo zimenezi zimachititsa kuti olamulira azizunza a Mboniwo. Mofanana ndi anthu amene ankazunza Akhristu m’nthawi ya atumwi, masiku anonso anthu ambiri amatitsutsa chifukwa cha nsanje. Komabe, Akhristu oonafe timayesetsa kupewa chilichonse chimene chingatiike m’mavuto. Timapewa kukangana ndi anthu aukali amene samva za ena, ndipo timayesetsa kupitiriza ntchito yathu mwamtendere. Timachita zimenezi mwina popitanso nthawi ina zinthu zikakhala bwino.
Iwo Anali ndi “Mtima Wofuna Kuphunzira” (Machitidwe 17:10-15)
15. Kodi anthu a ku Bereya anachita chiyani atamva uthenga wabwino?
15 Popewa kuti Paulo ndi Sila angavulazidwe, abale anawatumiza ku Bereya, mtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 65 kuchokera ku Tesalonika. Atangofika kumeneko, Paulo anapita kusunagoge ndipo analankhula kwa anthu amene anasonkhana. Ndipotu iye anasangalala kwambiri chifukwa anapeza anthu amene ankamvetsera mwachidwi. Luka analemba kuti Ayuda a ku Bereya “anali a mtima wofuna kuphunzira kuposa a ku Tesalonika aja. Iwowa analandira mawu a Mulungu ndi chidwi chachikulu kwambiri, ndipo tsiku ndi tsiku ankafufuza Malemba mosamala kuti atsimikizire ngati zimene anamvazo zinalidi zoona.” (Mac. 17:10, 11) Kodi mawu amenewa akusonyeza kuti anthu a ku Tesalonika amene anaphunzira choonadi sankachita bwino? Ayi si choncho. Patapita nthawi Paulo anawalembera kuti: “Ifenso timathokoza Mulungu mosalekeza, chifukwa pamene munalandira mawu a Mulungu amene munamva kwa ife, simunawalandire monga mawu a anthu, koma mmene alilidi, monga mawu a Mulungu. Mawu amenewa akugwiranso ntchito mwa inu okhulupirira.” (1 Ates. 2:13) Nanga n’chiyani chimene chinachititsa Ayuda a ku Bereya kukhala ndi mtima wofunitsitsa kuphunzira?
16. N’chifukwa chiyani n’zomveka kuti Malemba amanena kuti anthu a ku Bereya anali ndi “mtima wofuna kuphunzira”?
16 Ngakhale kuti uthenga umene anthu a ku Bereya ankamva unali wachilendo kwa iwo, sanaukayikire kapena kutsutsa. Komabe iwo sanali anthu ongokhulupirira chilichonse popanda umboni. Choyamba, iwo anamvetsera mwachidwi zimene Paulo ankanena. Kenako, pofuna kutsimikizira ngati zimene anaphunzirazo zinali zoona, anafufuza m’Malemba amene Paulo anawathandiza kumvetsa. Komanso anapitiriza kuphunzira Mawu a Mulungu mwakhama tsiku ndi tsiku, osati tsiku la Sabata lokha. Iwo anachita zimenezi “ndi chidwi chachikulu kwambiri,” ndipo ankafufuza mwakhama Malemba ogwirizana ndi mfundo zatsopano zimene anaphunzirazo. Kenako anasonyeza kuti anali odzichepetsa chifukwa anasintha moyo wawo ndipo “ambiri mwa anthu amenewa anakhala okhulupirira.” (Mac. 17:12) M’pake kuti Luka ananena kuti iwo anali ndi “mtima wofuna kuphunzira.”
17. Kodi chitsanzo cha anthu a ku Bereya n’chabwino chifukwa chiyani, nanga tingawatsanzire bwanji ngakhale patapita zaka zambiri titaphunzira choonadi?
17 Anthu a ku Bereya sankadziwa kuti zimene anachita atamva uthenga wabwino zidzalembedwa m’Mawu a Mulungu ndipo zidzakhala chitsanzo chabwino mpaka nthawi yathu ino. Iwo anachita ndendende zimene Paulo ankayembekezera komanso zimene Yehova Mulungu ankafuna kuti iwo achite. N’zimenenso ife timalimbikitsa anthu kuti azichita. Timafuna kuti aziphunzira Baibulo mwakhama kuti chikhulupiriro chawo chikhale cholimba mogwirizana ndi mfundo za m’Mawu a Mulungu. Koma kodi tikakhala Akhristu, ndiye kuti basi sitifunikiranso kukhala ndi mtima wofuna kuphunzira? Ayi, koma timafunikira kwambiri kuti tiziphunzira mwakhama mawu a Yehova ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zimene tikuphunzirazo. Tikamachita zimenezi timalola kuti Yehova azitiumba ndi kutiphunzitsa mogwirizana ndi chifuniro chake. (Yes. 64:8) Choncho timakhalabe odalirika kwa Atate wathu wakumwamba ndipo timamusangalatsa.
18, 19. (a) N’chifukwa chiyani Paulo anachoka ku Bereya, nanga anasonyeza bwanji khama limene tiyenera kutsanzira? (b) Kodi Paulo ankafunika kukalalikira kuti, nanga kunali anthu otani?
18 Tikudziwa kuti Paulo sanakhalitse ku Bereya chifukwa timawerenga kuti: “Ayuda ochokera ku Tesalonika atamva kuti Paulo akufalitsanso mawu a Mulungu ku Bereya, anapitanso kumeneko kukachititsa anthu kuti akwiyire atumwiwo n’kuyambitsa chipolowe. Nthawi yomweyo abale anatumiza Paulo kuti apite kunyanja. Koma Sila ndi Timoteyo anatsala komweko. Ndipo anthu amene anaperekeza Paulo anakamufikitsa ku Atene. Koma anabwerera atatumidwa kuti akauze Sila ndi Timoteyo kuti atsatire Pauloyo mwamsanga.” (Mac. 17:13-15) Adani a uthenga wabwino amenewo anali akhama kwambiri. Iwo sanakhutire ndi zimene anachita pothamangitsa Paulo ku Tesalonika. Choncho anapita ku Bereya komweko ndipo anayesetsa kuti ayambitse mavuto ngati mmene anachitira ku Tesalonika, koma analephera. Paulo ankadziwa kuti gawo limene angalalikire ndi lalikulu kwambiri, choncho anangochokako n’kupita kudera lina. Ifenso masiku ano tiziyesetsa kulepheretsa zolinga za anthu amene akufuna kuletsa ntchito yathu yolalikira.
19 Paulo atachitira umboni mokwanira kwa Ayuda a ku Tesalonika ndi ku Bereya, mosakayikira anaphunzira zambiri zokhudza kufunika kochitira umboni molimba mtima komanso kufotokoza mfundo za m’Malemba. Masiku ano, ifenso taphunzira zambiri. Komabe, Paulo anafunikanso kulalikira kwa anthu ena amene anali a mitundu ina a ku Atene. Kodi zinthu zinamuyendera bwanji mumzinda umenewo? Tiona zimenezi m’mutu wotsatira.
a Katswiri wina ananena kuti pa nthawiyo panali lamulo la Kaisara limene linkaletsa munthu aliyense kulosera kuti “kudzabwera mfumu ina kapena ufumu, umene akuganiza kuti udzagonjetsa kapena kuweruza mfumu ya Roma imene inkalamulira pa nthawiyo.” Adani a Paulo ayenera kuti anapotoza uthenga wa mtumwiyu kuti aoneke ngati waphwanya lamulo limeneli. Onani bokosi lakuti “ Olamulira a Roma M’nthawi ya Atumwi.”
