Matenda Aakulu Ndi Nkhani ya Banja Lonse

KODI matenda aakulu n’chiyani? Mwachidule, ndi matenda amene amakhala kwanthaŵi yaitali. Kuwonjezera apo, pulofesa wina anafotokoza kuti “ndi matenda amene sangachiritsidwe ndi opaleshoni wamba kapena chithandizo chamankhwala chachidule.” Chimene chimachititsa matenda aakulu kapena zotsatira zake kukhala zovutitsa si mtundu wamatenda wokha kapena chithandizo chake chokha ayi, komanso n’chifukwa chakuti amafuna kuwapirira kwanthaŵi yaitali.

Komanso, zotsatira zamatenda aakulu nthaŵi zambiri sizikhudza wodwala yekhayo. Buku lakuti Motor Neurone Disease—A Family Affair limati, “Anthu ambiri amakhala m’mabanja ndipo amene [ukudwalawe] m’banjamo ukamamva ululu ndiponso ukamada nkhaŵa, onse ali pafupi nawe amateronso.” Mayi amene mwana wake ankadwala matenda a kansa anatsimikizira zimenezi. Iye anati, “aliyense m’banjamo amakhala wokhudzidwa basi, kaya achite kuonetsera kukhudzidwako kapena ayi, kaya adziŵe za vutolo kaya asadziŵe.”

N’zoona kuti, aliyense sangakhudzidwe m’njira yofanana. Komabe, ngati a m’banjalo akudziŵa mmene matenda aakulu amakhudzira anthu ena onse, iwo angadzakhale okonzekera bwinopo kuthana ndi mavuto alionse obwera ndi matendawo. Komanso, anthu ena akunja kwa banja lathu monga anzathu akuntchito, anzathu akusukulu, achinansi, ngakhalenso mabwenzi, angathe kuthandiza ndiponso kuchirikiza mokoma mtima ngati akumvetsa kusautsa kwa matenda aakulu. Poganizira zimenezi, tiyeni tione mmene matenda aakulu angakhudzire mabanja m’njira zina.

Ulendo Wodutsa M’dziko Lachilendo

Zinthu zomwe zingachitikire banja chifukwa cha matenda aakulu zingafanizidwe ndi ulendo wabanjalo wodutsa m’dziko lachilendo. Ngakhale kuti zinthu zina zingakhale zofanana ndi za m’dziko lakwawo, zina zingakhale zachilendo kapena mwina zosiyana kwambiri. Matenda aakulu akagwira munthu m’banja, zinthu zambiri sizisintha m’moyo wabanja. Komabe, zina zingasinthe kwambiri.

Choyamba, matendawo pawokha angasokoneze chizoloŵezi cha m’banjamo ndiponso kukakamiza aliyense m’banjamo kusintha zochita zake kuti athe kupirira. Mtsikana wina wazaka 14 dzina lake Helen amene amayi ake akudwala kwambiri matenda aakulu ovutika maganizo anatsimikizira mfundo imeneyi. Iye anati: “Timasintha ndondomeko ya zochita zathu potsatira zimene amayi angathe kapena sangathe kuchita patsikulo.”

Ngakhale mankhwala okonzedwa kuti achiritse matendawo angasokoneze chizoloŵezi chatsopano cha banjalo mowonjezereka. Taganizirani chitsanzo cha a Braam ndi Ann omwe tawatchula m’nkhani yam’mbuyo ija. “Tinayenera kusintha zinthu zikuluzikulu pamoyo wathu wa tsiku ndi tsiku chifukwa cha mankhwala a ana athu,” anatero Braam. Ann analongosola kuti: “Tinali kupita kuchipatala tsiku lililonse. Kenako, kuwonjezera pamenepo, dokotala anatilangiza kuti anawo tiziwapatsa chakudya chapang’ono kasanu n’kamodzi patsiku kuti asadwale matenda osoŵa  zakudya obwera chifukwa cha matendawo. Kwa ine, kuphika kotero kunali chinthu chatsopano zedi.” Vuto linanso lalikulu kwambiri linali kuthandiza anawo kuchita maseŵera olimbitsa thupi, monga adanenera dokotala. Ann anakumbukira motere: “Imeneyi, inali ntchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku imene sindinali kuifuna”.

Wodwalayo akayamba kuzoloŵera kuwawa kwa matendawo, kapena kwa chithandizo chamankhwala ndiponso kufufuza kwa azachipatala, iye amadalira banja kwambiri kuti lim’thandize ndiponso kum’limbitsa mtima. Motero, anthu a m’banjamo ayenera kuphunzira njira zatsopano zosamalira wodwalayo komanso ayenera kudziŵa kuti onse ali okakamizika kusintha maganizo awo, moyo wawo, ndiponso zizoloŵezi zawo.

Mwachionekere, zinthu zonsezi zimafuna kuti banjalo lipirire kwambiri. Mayi amene mwana wake wodwala kansa ankalandira chithandizo chamankhwala m’chipatala anavomereza kuti “zimakhala zotopetsa kwambiri kuposa mmene wina aliyense angaganizire.”

Kupitirizabe Kusadziŵa Chomwe Chichitike

“Matenda aakulu amasinthasintha ndipo amachititsa mantha chifukwa sudziŵa chomwe chichitike,” limatero buku lakuti Coping With Chronic Illness—Overcoming Powerlessness. Pamene anthu a m’banjamo akusintha zochita zawo chifukwa cha vuto lina, nthaŵi yomweyo angakumanenso ndi mavuto amtundu wina ndiponso mwina osautsa kwambiri. Zizindikiro za matenda ena zimakhala zosinthasintha mwinanso zingafike poipa kwambiri mwadzidzidzi ndipo mankhwala omwe m’mayembekezera kuti wodwala akamwa akhalako bwino angalephere kuthandiza. Mwina mankhwalawo angafunike kusinthidwa nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi kapena mwina angayambitse matenda ena osayembekezereka. Pamene wodwala wafika podalira kwambiri chichirikizo chimene banja losoŵa pogwiralo lingayesetse kupereka, maganizo amene m’mbuyomu m’mawaletsa angatuluke mwadzidzidzi.

Chifukwa cha kusadziŵa chochita ndi matenda ambirimbiri ndiponso chithandizo chake pamabwera mafunso monga awa: Kodi zoterezi zidzapitirira mpaka liti? Kodi matendaŵa adzafika poipa motani? Kodi zimenezi tingazipirire kufikira pati? Matenda akayakaya nthaŵi zambiri amaganizitsa zoiŵaliratu zamoyo n’kumafunsa kuti: “Kodi wodwalayo adzavutika kwanthaŵi yaitali bwanji asanamwalire?”

Matendawo, njira zoperekera chithandizo chamankhwala, kutopa, ndiponso kusadziŵa chomwe chichitike zonse pamodzi zimadzetsanso vuto lina losayembekezereka.

Mavuto Okhudza Kakhalidwe

“Ndinali kuganiza kwambiri n’kumadziona ngati ndili ndekhandekha ndiponso womangika,” anafotokoza motero Kathleen, yemwe mwamuna wake ankadwala matenda aakulu wovutika maganizo. Iye akupitiriza kuti, “zinthu zinali zovuta zedi, chifukwa chakuti sitinathe n’komwe kuitana anzathu kudzatichezera kapena kuvomera ena akatiitana kwawo. M’kupita kwanthaŵi, tinasiiratu kucheza ndi anzathu.” Mofanana ndi Kathleen,  anthu ambiri mapeto ake amayeneranso kupirira malingaliro odziimba mlandu chifukwa cholephera kuchereza alendo ndiponso kuvomera akaitanidwa. N’chifukwa chiyani izi zimachitika?

Matendawo pawokha kapena matenda ena obwera chifukwa cha matendawo angachititse kucheza ndi anzathu kukhala kovuta kapena mwinanso kosatheka n’komwe. Banja ndiponso wodwalayo angaganize kuti matendawo n’ngwosakhala nawo pagulu kapena angaope kuti mwina n’ngwochititsa manyazi. Kuvutika maganizo kungachititse wodwalayo kudziona ngati wosafunika kwa anzake akale, kapena mwina anthu a m’banjamo angakhale ofooka kwakuti sangaganizeko zokacheza. Pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, m’posavuta kuti matenda aakulu achititse banja lonse kukhala lopatukana ndi ena ndiponso losukidwa.

Kuwonjezera apo, si aliyense amene angadziŵe zoti alankhule kapena mmene angachitire akakhala pafupi ndi wodwala. (Onani bokosi lakuti “Mmene Mungathandizire” patsamba 19.) “Mwana wanu akakhala wosiyana ndi ana ena, anthu ambiri amakonda kumuyang’anitsitsa ndipo amalankhula zopusa,” anatero Ann. “Kwenikweni, umadziimba mlandu chifukwa cha matendawo, ndipo zolankhula zawozo zingawonjezere maganizo ako wodziona ngati wolakwa.” Zimene Ann ananena zikukhudza chinthu china chimene mabanja angakumane nacho.

Maganizo Amene Amawononga

“Panthaŵi yopima matenda, mabanja ambiri amadzidzimuka, sakhulupirira, ndiponso savomereza,” anatero wofufuza wina. “Zimakhala zovuta zedi kuzipirira.” N’zoonadi, kudziŵa kuti wokondedwa ali ndi matenda oika moyo pachiswe kapena ofooketsa kungakhale koŵaŵa. Banja lingaganize kuti chiyembekezo chawo ndiponso malingaliro awo onse a m’tsogolo afera m’mazira, chatsala ndicho tsogolo losatsimikizika, chisoni ndiponso kudandaula kwambiri kuti atsala okha.

N’zoonadi kuti mabanja ambiri amene akhalapo ndi munthu wokhala ndi vuto linalake losautsa maganizo kwa nthaŵi yaitali koma osadziŵa chomwe chaliyambitsa, angakhazike mtima pansi wodwalayo akamuyeza n’kupeza vuto lake. Komabe mabanja ena sangatero ngati wina am’peza ndi matenda. Mayi wina ku South Africa anavomereza kuti: “Zinandipweteka kwambiri pamapeto pake pamene ndinauzidwa vuto lenileni la ana athu, moti kunena chilungamo, n’kadakonda n’kadapanda kumva zotsatira za kupimako.”

Buku lakuti A Special Child in the Family—Living With Your Sick or Disabled Child limafotokoza kuti “n’kwachibadwa kuvutika maganizo . . . pamene mukusintha kuti mugwirizane ndi vuto limene langobweralo. Nthaŵi zina m’maganiza kwambiri mwakuti m’mada nkhaŵa kuti mwina simungathe kupirira.” Mlembi wa bukuli amene dzina lake ndi Diana  Kimpton, yemwe ana ake aamuna aŵiri ankadwala matenda aakulu otchedwa cystic fibrosis amene ali otengera kumakolo anasimba kuti: “Ndinali kuopa maganizo anga omwe ndipo ndinafunikira kudziŵa kuti kudandaula sikulakwa.”

Si zachilendo kuti mabanja aziopa—kuopa zosadziŵika, kuopa matendawo, kuopa mankhwala, kuopa ululu, ndiponso kuopa imfa. Makamaka ana angaope zinthu zambirimbiri mopanda kuzitchula, makamaka ngati sanauzidwe bwino zimene zikuchitika.

Anthu ambiri amakwiyanso. Magazini ya ku South Africa yotchedwa TLC inafotokoza kuti, “wodwala nthaŵi zambiri amakwiyira anthu a m’banja lake.” Anthu a m’banjamo nawo angakwiyire dokotala chifukwa cholephera kuzindikira vutolo mwamsanga, angakwiyirane okhaokha chifukwa chom’patsira mwanayo matenda achibadwa, angakwiyire wodwalayo chifukwa chosadzisamalira bwino, angakwiyire Satana Mdyerekezi chifukwa choyambitsa mavuto otero, komanso angakwiyire Mulungu amene poganiza kuti ndiye wachititsa matendawo. Maganizo ena ofala obwera chifukwa cha matenda aakulu ndiwo kudziona monga wolakwa. “Pafupifupi kholo lililonse kapena mwana aliyense wa m’banja lomwe muli mwana amene akudwala kansa amadziona kukhala wolakwa,” limatero buku lakuti Children With Cancer—A Comprehensive Reference Guide for Parents.

Kuganiza kwambiri chonchi nthaŵi zambiri kumachititsa kuvutika maganizo kwambiri kapena pang’ono. “Mwina awa ndiwo maganizo ofala kwambiri amene anthu amakhala nawo chifukwa cha matenda aakulu,” analemba motero wofufuza wina. “Ndikusunga makalata ambiri otsimikiza zimenezi.”

Inde, Mabanja Angapirire

Chosangalatsa n’chakuti, mabanja ambiri aona kuti kupirira zochitika zotero sikuti n’kovuta monga zimaonekera poyamba. “Zinthu sizikhala zovuta monga momwe mungaganizire,” anatsimikiza motero Diana Kimpton. Polankhula zimene zinam’chitikira, iye anaona kuti “tsogolo sikuti limakhala loipa kwenikweni monga mungaganizire m’masiku oyambirira.” Dziŵani kuti mabanja ena apulumuka paulendo wawo wodutsa m’dziko lachilendo la matenda aakulu ndipo dziŵani kuti inunso mungatero. Anthu ena aona kuti kungodziŵa kokha kuti ena anapirira kumawapatsa mpumulo ndiponso chiyembekezo.

Komabe, banja lingafunse moyenerera kuti, Kodi tingapirire bwanji? Nkhani yotsatira idzafotokoza njira zina zimene mabanja ena atsatira kuti apirire matenda aakulu.

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 13]

Mabanja afunika kusamala wodwala komanso kusintha mmene amaonera zinthu, maganizo awo, ndi moyo wawo

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 14]

Wodwalayo ndiponso anthu a m’banjamo angavutike pomaganiza kwambiri

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 15]

Musataye mtima. Mabanja ena apirira. Inunso mungatero

[Bokosi patsamba 15]

Mavuto Ena Obwera ndi Matenda Aakulu

• Kudziŵa za matendawo ndiponso mmene mungapiririre

• Kusintha moyo ndiponso zizoloŵezi za tsiku ndi tsiku

• Kupirira ndi kusintha kwa mmene munkakhalira ndi anzanu

• Kukhalabe monga mwa masiku onse ndiponso kudziletsa.

• Kumva chisoni poganizira zinthu zomwe mwataya chifukwa cha matendawo

• Kupirira maganizo osautsa

• Kukhalabe ndi malingaliro abwino