Nyamalikiti—Nyama Zamisinkhu Yaitali, Zamiyendo Yaitali, Ndiponso Zokongola

YOLEMBEDWA NDI MTOLANKHANI WA GALAMUKANI! KU KENYA

MIYALA yotuŵa inali itanyowa ndiponso itazizira kwambiri m’mbandakucha. Tinabisala pamiyala yaikulu imeneyi tili ndi makapu achitsulo a tiyi m’manja ndipo maso athu anali dwi kuyang’ana m’chigwa cha udzu wokhawokha cha mu Africa. * Tinachita bwino kudikira. M’mamaŵa kutayamba kuyera, tinaona khwimbi la nyamalikiti zazitalizitali, zazitali miyendo, ndiponso zokongola, zili jidigajidiga kudutsa m’chigwacho. Zinali kuyenda monyang’wa, ndiponso mochititsa chidwi miyendo ili jo ngati nsichi, makosi ake okhota ndi aatali ali pendapenda ngati milongoti yasitima panyanja yamphepo. Tinkachita kupuma modukiza. Nyamazo zinalidi zokongola kwabasi!

Mosachita nafe mantha, nyamazo zinabwera zonse kudzaloŵa m’nkhalango yamitengo ya msangu imene ili mitengo ikuluikulu yaminga. Nyamazo zinkatha kufikira pamwamba pa nthambi za mitengoyo. Mosamalitsa, nyama zikuluzikulu zofatsazo zinali kubudula masamba ang’onoang’ono obiriŵira ndi malilime awo aatali. Zidakali panthambi yomweyo, chapamwamba ndithu kuchokera pansi, zinaloŵetsa mitu yawo pomwe panali zisa za mbalame za mtundu wa atchete n’kumadya masamba a nthambizo zili phee. Mbalamezo zinachita phokoso lodzudzula alendo osokoneza aatali makosiwo. Zitadzidzimuka ndi phokoso lozidzudzulalo, izo zinachoka mwakachetechete ndiponso modzipatsa ulemu kupita ku mitengo ina.

Zaliŵiro Komanso Zokongola

Aliyense amene anaonapo nyamazi zitatulutsa makosi kunja kwa mpanda wa malo osungirako nyama zakutchire, sangamvetsetse kuti nyamazi zimafika pachimake pa kukongola ndiponso kusangalatsa zikafatsa m’nkhalango za mu Africa. Kuyenda kwa nyamalikiti n’kochititsa chidwi ndiponso n’kwa myaa. Ikamathamanga jidigajidiga kudutsa m’chigwa cha udzu okhaokha, thupi lake, lomwe limaoneka ngati lanthete, ndiponso lolobodoka, limaoneka ngati itha kugwa chagada itaphunthwa pang’ono chabe. Komabe, nyamalikiti yaikulu yamphongo yolemera makilogalamu 1,300 ili ndi mapazi amphamvu, ndipo n’njaliŵiro ladzaoneni mwakuti ingathamange makilomita 60 pa ola limodzi.

Nyama yochititsa chidwi imeneyi imapezeka makamaka mu Africa. N’njosangalatsa kuiona chifukwa cha kukongola ndi kufatsa kwake.  Nyamalikiti ili ndi nkhope yakeyake ndiponso yokongola, makutu ake n’ngaang’onoang’ono, aatali, komanso pamutu pake pali tinyanga tiŵiri tosanjikidwa ndi timabweya takuda. Maso ake ndi aakulu kwambiri ndiponso akuda ndipo amatetezedwa ndi nsidze zazitali, zopotana. Nyamalikiti ikachita chidwi poyang’ana kutali khosi lake lalitalilo itaimika, nkhope yake imaoneka ngati kuti ikufuna kudziŵa kanthu kena.

Kalelo anthu ankaikonda nyamalikiti ndiponso ankailemekeza chifukwa cha kaonekedwe kake kokongola, manyazi ake, kufatsa kwake, ndiponso khalidwe lake lopanda ukali. Matole a nyamalikiti ankawapereka kwa mafumu monga mphatso zosonyeza kuti mayiko awo ali pamtendere ndiponso akufunirana zabwino. Lerolino zithunzi zofufutika za nyamalikiti zilipo m’zojambula za m’miyala yakale ya mu Africa.

Msinkhu Wake

Nyamalikiti ndi nyama yaitali kuposa nyama zonse. Utali wochokera kumapazi mpaka kuminyanga, wa nyamalikiti yamphongo yokhwima ungapose mamita asanu ndi theka. M’kalembedwe kakale ka Aigupto kotchedwa hieroglyphics, mawu achingelezi otanthauza kuti nyamalikiti amaimira m’neni wotanthauza “kulosera” kapena “kuneneratu” kusonyeza kutalika kwakeko ndiponso mphamvu yake yoona patali.

Ikakhala pagulu la nyama zamitundu ina monga mbidzi, nswala, nthiŵatiŵa, ndiponso nyama zina za m’chigwa cha mu Africa, nyamalikiti imakhala ngati nsanja ya wolondera. Kutalika kwake ndiponso maso ake amphamvu amaitheketsa kuona msanga choopsa chilichonse chomwe chikubwera. Mosakayikira, iyo n’kutalika kwakeko ikakhala pa gulu la nyama zina, nyamazo zimatetezeka.

Panagona Luso Lodabwitsa

Nyamalikiti inapangidwa mwaluso zedi kuti izitha kudya masamba a nthambi zamitengo yaitali kwambiri imene nyama zina zonse sizingafikire kupatulapo njovu. Mlomo wake wotha kufumbata zinthu ndiponso lilime lake loyenda mosavuta zimaitheketsa kubudula mosavuta masamba a nthambi zokhala ndi cheya cholasa komanso minga zakuthwa ngati singano.

Nyamalikiti imadya masamba ochuluka, moti mpaka angafike makilogalamu  34 patsiku. Ngakhale kuti imadya masamba a zomera zamitundumitundu, nyamalikiti imakonda masamba amitengo ya msangu yaminga yomwe n’njofala m’zigwa za mu Africa. Nyamalikiti yamphongo ingathe kusolola lilime lake masentimita 42 ikamabudula masamba. Khosi lake limayenda mofeŵa zedi. Zimenezi zimatheketsa nyamalikitiyu kutembenuza mutu wake modabwitsa uku akuuyendetsa bwinobwino pamwamba pa nthambi za mitengo.

Nyamalikiti imafikira pamwamba pa mitengo mosavuta, koma vuto lili pa kumwa madzi. Ikafika padziŵe, nyamalikiti imafunikira kutang’adza miyendo yake yakutsogolo pang’onopang’ono ndipo kenako n’kupinda mawondo onse aŵiri kuti mutu wake ufike pamadzi. Itaima movutika chomwecho, iyo imasolola khosi lake lonse lalitalilo isanayambe kumwa. Ubwino wake n’ngwakuti nyamalikiti sifuna madzi pafupipafupi chifukwa nthaŵi zambiri imapeza madzi okwanira ku masamba ofeŵa omwe imadya.

Khosi ndi thupi la nyamalikiti lili ndi timizera toyera tolukanalukana timene timapanga maŵanga ooneka ngati masamba. Nyamalikiti zimasiyanasiyana mitundu yake, zina n’zagolide, zodera, ndiponso ngakhale zakuda kwambiri. Nyamalikiti ikamakalamba mtundu wake umamka uda.

Mabanja Awo

Nyamalikiti ndi nyama zokonda kukhalira pamodzi, zimayenda m’magulu a nyama ziŵiri kapena mpaka 50. Nyamalikiti yaikazi imakhala ndi bele kwamasiku 420 kapena mpaka 468 isanabereke thole lalitali mamita aŵiri. Pobeleka, tholelo limagwa chozondotsa mutu, mamita oposa aŵiri kufika pansi! Koma pakatha mphindi 15, tholelo lomwe limakhala lisanavulale, limadzuka uku likunjenjemera n’kuyamba kuyamwa. Pakatha milungu iŵiri kapena itatu, tholelo mwachibadwa limayamba lokha kubudula tinsonga tamasamba a mitengo ya msangu ndipo posapita nthaŵi limakhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira zomatha kuyenda mwandawala mopikisana ndi amayi ake.

Kathole ka nyamalikiti kamafanana zedi ndi makolo ake. Ngakhale kuti n’kakafupi poyerekezera ndi nyamalikiti yaikulu, iko n’kakatali kuposa anthu ambiri. Kakaima mwachidwi ndiponso mopanda mantha mphepete mwa mayi wake amene ali watcheru ndiponso wam’tali, katholeko kamasangalatsa kwabasi kukaona.

M’nyengo yobeleka, nyamalikiti zimasonkhanitsa matole awo m’timagulu toŵalelera. Amakhala m’timaguluti tsiku lonse n’kumapumula, kuseŵera, ndiponso kuona zimene zikuchitika pafupi nawo. Kathole kakhanda kamakula msanga kwambiri. M’miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, iko kangakule kufika mpaka mita imodzi, ndipo kangaŵirikize msinkhuwo m’chaka chimodzi chokha. Pamlungu umodzi chabe, katholeko kangakule masentimita okwana 23! Mayi wake amateteza kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale kuti amalola mwana wakeyo kumayendayenda kutali ndithu, maso ake oona patali amaichititsa kumaonabe kamwanako.

Popeza kuti n’njaikulu kwambiri, yopepuka thupi, yaliŵiro, komanso yamaso akuthwa, nyamalikiti ili ndi adani ochepa m’nkhalango kuphatikizapo mikango. Komabe, munthu ndiye wasaka ndi kupha miyandamiyanda ya nyama zokongolazi. Nyama zamtendere zimenezi tsopano zili ndi tsogolo losadziŵika chifukwa chosakidwa pofunitsitsa chikopa chake chokongola, nyama yake  yokoma, ndiponso litchowa lake lakuda limene ena amakhulupirira kuti lili ndi mphamvu zinazake. Kale nyamazi zinkapezeka paliponse m’madera ambiri a mu Africa, koma tsopano kuti nyamalikiti zikhale zotetezekako ndiye kuti ziyenera kukhala mumpanda wa malo osungirako nyama zakutchire okha basi.

Lerolino, alendo odzaona malo mu Africa angasangalalebe poona nyamalikiti zazitali makosi zikuthamanga momasuka m’zigwa zazikulu za udzu wokhawokha. Kumeneko mungazione zikudya masamba amitengo yaminga ya msangu kapena zitafatsa kuyang’ana kutali. Nyama yokongola kwadzaoneniyi, yooneka mwapadera, ndiponso yofatsa, n’njopangidwa mwaluso lodabwitsadi kwabasi. Umenewu ndi umboni wina wosonyeza luntha lakulenga ndiponso umunthu wapadera wa Mulungu Wamphamvuyonse, Yehova.—Salmo 104:24.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Bokosi/Chithunzi patsamba 18]

KUDABWITSA KWA UTALI WA KHOSI LAKE

Munthu ungaganize kuti thupi lodabwitsa ndiponso lalikulu la nyamalikiti liyenera kuti limaivutitsa m’njira inayake. Popeza kuti nyamalikiti n’njaitali ndiponso yotalika khosi, kuyenda kwa magazi m’ziŵalo zonse kungaoneke kuti n’kosatheka. Mwachitsanzo, pamene nyamalikiti iŵeramitsa mutu wake pansi, mphamvu yokoka ya dziko iyenera kuchititsa magazi kudzazana m’mutu n’kusefukira mu ubongo. Ndipo nyamalikitiyo ikautsa mutu wake, magazi ayenera kubwereranso ku mtima, zomwe zingachititse nyamayo kukomoka. Komabe, zimenezi sizichitika. Chifukwa chiyani?

Magazi amayenda m’njira yozizwitsa kwambiri m’thupi la nyamalikiti. Njira imeneyo n’njopangidwa mwaluso poganizira kapangidwe ndiponso kukula kwa thupi la nyamalikiti yokha basi. Mtima wokhawo sikukula kwake, ndipo umagunda zolimba kuti upope magazi kufika ku ubongo womwe uli mamita atatu ndi theka pamwamba pake. Popeza kuti mtimawo umagunda ka 170 pa mphindi imodzi, mnofu wake wochindikala masentimita asanu ndi aŵiri, umatulutsa mphamvu zokankha magazi zomwe n’zochuluka kasanu kuposa zamunthu. Kuti magazi amphamvu chonchi ayende bwino, mitsempha yonse iŵiri, wotenga magazi kupititsa ku ubongo ndiponso wobwezera magazi ku mtima, iyenera kukhala yaikulu bwino. N’zoonadi, mitsempha yamagazi imeneyi bowo lake n’lalikulu masentimita aŵiri ndi theka ndipo n’njopangidwa ndi minyewa yochindikala ndiponso yotha kutanuka, moti imatha kukokeka komanso n’njolimba.

Nyamalikiti ikaŵeramitsa mutu wake mitsempha yapadera imaimitsa magazi kuti asapite ku ubongo nthaŵi imodzi. Pansi pa ubongo pali mtsempha waukulu wotenga magazi kupititsa ku ubongo umene umathira magazi m’mitsempha inanso yochititsa chidwi yolukanalukana imene anthu anaipatsa dzina lakuti ukonde wodabwitsa. M’mitsempha imeneyi, magazi oyenda mwamphamvu aja amayenda pang’onopang’ono poloŵa m’timitsempha tamagazi ting’onoting’ono tomwe timachepetsa mphamvu ya magaziwo ndiponso kuteteza ubongo kuti usasefukire ndi magazi. Mitsempha yodabwitsa yamagazi imeneyi imatukumuka nyamalikiti ikaŵeramitsa mutu wake ndipo imaswinya iyo ikautsa mutuwo. Izi zimalepheretsa mphamvu yokoka ya dziko kuchititsa ngozi ya kuchepa mphamvu kwa magazi komwe mwina kungachititse nyamayo kukomoka.

Khosi la nyamalikiti nalonso n’lochititsa chidwi. Asayansi anadabwa kupeza kuti khosi la nyamalikiti lomwe n’lalitali modabwitsa lili ndi mafupa ochuluka molingana ndi mafupa amsana ndi khosi la mbeŵa kapena nyama zina zambiri zoyamwitsa! Komabe, mosiyana ndi nyama zina zoyamwitsa, mafupa adera lamsana ndi khosi la nyamalikiti n’ngotalika ndiponso mafundo ake amatha kuzungulira, motero khosilo limatha kutembenuka mochititsa chidwi. N’chifukwa chake nyamalikiti imatha kupinda ndi kugwinyiza khosi lake kuti inyambite thupi lake lonse kapenanso kunyanyamphira mochititsa chidwi kuti ifikire masamba a nthambi zamitengo yaitali ikamafuna kudya.