Msinkhu Umene Uli Patsoka Lalikulu

“Ndinali wokondwa ndiponso wojijirika mpakana miyezi iŵiri yapitayi. Koma panopo ndikapeza mpata woti ndichite chinthu chinachake, ndimangogwa ulesi. Ndili ndi chisoni ndipo sindikumachedwa kupsa mtima, ndipo sindikudziŵa kuti anthu ena angakhale nane bwanji. N’zovuta kunena chifukwa chimene ndimakhalira okhumudwa chonchi,” anatero Paul.

“Ndimalira ndipo mtima wanga umandiŵaŵa kwambiri. N’kapanda kukhumudwa, thupi langa limangoti zii. China chilichonse chimandiipira. Sindifunanso kukhala pamodzi ndi anzanga. Ndimagona kwambiri. Masiku ambiri sindidzuka kupita kusukulu ndipo sindikukhozanso kwambiri,” anatero Melanie.

ZIMENEZI sizikuchitikira Paul ndi Melanie okha. Anthu amene anafufuza achinyamata onse omwe akusinkhuka ku United States, anapeza kuti pafupifupi achinyamata 8 pa 100 alionse akuvutika maganizo mwa njira inayake, ndiponso chaka chilichonse pafupifupi achinyamata 4 pa 100 alionse amavutika kwambiri maganizo. Koma achinyamata omwe tatchulaŵa si okhawo amene amavutika choncho chifukwa chakuti nthaŵi zambiri madokotala sayeza bwino vutoli kapenanso amangolinyalanyaza kumene. Dokotala wina wamatenda amaganizo a achinyamata dzina lake David G. Fassler analemba kuti, “Kwenikweni nditaonanso zimene anapeza atafufuza ana ndi achinyamata, ndikukhulupirira kuti achinyamata angapo mwa  achinyamata anayi alionse adzavutikapo kwambiri maganizo asanakwanitse zaka 18.”

Kuopsa Kwake

Kuvutika maganizo kumawabweretsera achinyamata mavuto oopsa. N’zoonadi, akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti vutoli limawachititsa achinyamata kuti azivutika kudya, ayambe matenda obwera chifukwa choganiza kwambiri, asamakhoze kusukulu ndiponso kuti ayambe kumwa kwambiri mowa kapena kusuta.

Choopsa kwambiri n’chakuti anthu ena amati kuvutika maganizo kumachititsanso achinyamata kudzipha okha. Bungwe la U.S. National Institute of Mental Health linati mpaka achinyamata ovutika kwambiri maganizo okwana 7 pa 100 alionse amadzipha okha. * Izinso sizikusonyeza vuto lonse chifukwa chakuti anthu amakhulupirira kuti pakakhala wachinyamata mmodzi amene wadzipha, pamakhalanso ena ambiri amene amayesa kutero. Choncho mpake kuti bungwe la Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development linanena m’lipoti lake kuti: “Masiku ano kutenga mavuto a achinyamata mwachibwanabwana, n’kufuna kuona tsoka. Ndithudi kunyalanyaza koteroko kumaika anthu onse amsinkhuwu patsoka lalikulu.”

Kodi Sada Nkhaŵa ndi Chilichonse?

Ena zimawavuta kukhulupirira kuti achinyamata angavutikedi maganizo. Akuluakulu angamanene kuti, ‘Iwo ndi ana ang’onoang’ono. Sada nkhaŵa ndi chilichonse, ndipo sakhala ndi nkhaŵa ngati akuluakulu.’ Mongadi n’zoona kuti achinyamata sakhala ndi nkhaŵa? Zoona zake n’zakuti achinyamata amakumana ndi zovuta zimene zimakhala zodetsa nkhaŵa kuposa zimene akuluakulu amadziŵa. Dr. Daniel Goleman anati: “Padziko lonse chiyambireni kuchiyambi kwa zaka za 1900 achinyamata amakonda kuvutika maganizo kuposa makolo awo. Ndipo ichi n’chifukwa cha kufooka nkhongono, kudandaula, kudzimvera chisoni ndiponso kukhaliratu opanda chiyembekezo m’moyo wawo. Ndipo nthaŵi zovutitsa maganizo zimenezi zikumayamba ana ali ang’ono kwambiri.”

Komabe makolo ambiri anganene kuti: ‘Ife tinadutsa bwinobwino nthaŵi yaunyamata osavutikako maganizo. N’chifukwa chiyani mwana wathu amangokhalira kudandaula?’ Koma akuluakulu sayenera kuyerekezera zimene zinkawachitikira paubwana wawo ndi zimene zimachitikira achinyamata masiku ano. Ndiponsotu anthu amasiyanasiyana mmene amaonera zinthu ndiponso mmene amachitira nazo.

Komanso chachikulu n’chakuti achinyamata amasiku ano amakumana ndi mavuto ochuluka. “Akukulira m’dziko losiyaniranatu ndi la unyamata wamakolo awo,” analemba choncho Dr. Kathleen McCoy m’buku lake lakuti Understanding Your Teenager’s Depression. Atatchula zinthu zingapo zimene zasintha kwenikweni m’zaka makumi angapo apitaŵa, Dr. McCoy ananena kuti: “Masiku ano achinyamata ali ndi mantha, amadzidelera ndipo alibe chiyembekezo chenicheni monga mmene tinkachitira kale.”

Poona kuchuluka kwa kuvutika maganizo pakati pa achinyamata, nkhani zotsatirazi ziyankha mafunso atatu aŵa:

• Kodi zizindikiro zina za vuto limeneli la achinyamata n’ziti?

• Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa vutoli?

• Kodi achinyamata amene akuvutika maganizo angathandizidwe bwanji?

[Mawu a M’munsi]