Zochititsa Kuti Kuntchito Kukhale Koopsa

“Anthu amene amafa pantchito ndi ambiri tikayerekezera ndi amene amaphedwa pangozi zapamsewu.” Umenewu ndi mutu umene bungwe lothandiza kuteteza anthu pantchito la WorkCover ku New South Wales, m’dziko la Australia linalemba m’zilembo zochindikala pa chikalata choti chikamatidwe m’malo osiyanasiyana chimene linkagaŵira anthu.

N’ZOONA kuti ngozi zimene zingaphe anthu ndi mbali chabe ya vutoli. Chaka chilichonse namtindi wa anthu amavulala modetsa nkhaŵa, ngakhalenso kupunduka kuntchito. Anthu ena ambiri amafa mosayembekezeka chifukwa chakuti amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakupha kapena chifukwa chopanikizika ndi ntchito.

Popeza kuti m’mafakitale ndi m’malo amalonda ochuluka anthu amafa ndi kuvulala kwambiri ndi ntchito, ndibwino kufunsa kuti: Kodi ndinu wotetezeka pamalo anu a ntchito? Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zimene zingawononge thanzi ndi moyo wanu?

Ntchito Yofa Nayo

Nthaŵi zambiri kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino, anthu amaunjikiridwa ntchito yambiri. Ku Japan mawu akuti karoshi kutanthauza kuti “kufa chifukwa chogwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso,” anapezeka koyamba m’makalata amene mabanja ofedwa analemba pofuna chipukuta misozi. Malinga ndi kafukufuku amene anachitika kumeneko zaka zapitazo, anthu 40 pa anthu 100 alionse a ku Japan, ogwira ntchito mu ofesi ankawopa kufa chifukwa chogwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso. Loya amene ndi katswiri pankhani zoterezi ananena kuti “chaka chilichonse ku Japan kunkapezeka anthu pafupifupi 30,000 ofa ndi karoshi.”

Apolisi ku Japan ananena kuti mavuto okhudzana ndi ntchito ndi amene amachititsa kwambiri kuti anthu a zaka zoyambira 50 mpaka 59 azidzipha. Malinga ndi buku lonena za kuvutitsidwa kuntchito lotchedwa The Violence-Prone Workplace, akuti khoti lina linaimba mlandu bwana wina chifukwa cha wantchito amene anadzipha chifukwa chakuti mavuto a kuntchito anamuchulukira.

Nyuzipepala ya ku Australia yotchedwa The Canberra Times inati ‘anthu a ku America aposa anthu a ku Japan chifukwa chakuti amagwira ntchito maola ambiri kuposa anthu ena onse padziko lonse.’ Choncho, nkhani za m’manyuzipepala za mitu monga “Kugwira Ntchito Maola Ambiri Kukupha Anthu” zimasimba za antchito otopa monga oyendetsa ma ambulansi, ndege, antchito yomanga ndi yamaulendo, ndi ogwira ntchito usiku amene amaphedwa pantchito yawo.

Makampani akasintha kachitidwe kawo ka zinthu ndi kuchokocha antchito kuti azipangabe phindu lochuluka, antchito otsalawo amapatsidwa ntchito yambiri. Magazini ya zachipatala ya British Medical Journal inanena kuti kuchokocha anthu kumawononga thanzi la antchito.

Chiwawa Kuntchito

Anthu ogwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso ndiponso mopanikizika amavulazitsanso ena. Pa kafukufuku wina amene anachitika ku Britain anapeza  kuti antchito ambiri a m’maofesi amakhala maola ochuluka akukangana ndi antchito anzawo ndiponso kuti kaŵirikaŵiri mikangano imeneyi imayambitsa ziwawa.

Magazini ya Business Week inati, “mlungu uliwonse, pafupifupi antchito 15 a ku America amaphedwa kuntchito.” Magazini ya Harvard Business Review inati: “Palibe manijala amene amasangalala kuti azikamba nkhani zachiwawa chochitika kuntchito. Koma mfundo ndi yakuti chaka chilichonse antchito ambiri amazunza kapena kupha anzawo kumene.”

Komabe, anthu ambiri amachitidwa chiwawa pantchito ndi makasitomala awo. Lipoti la ofufuza milandu la ku Australia linanena kuti madokotala ena amaopa kwambiri kuchitidwa chipongwe moti popita kukathandiza munthu pakhomo pake amaperekezedwa. Ena mwa anthu amene ali pavuto ndi maofesala apolisi komanso aphunzitsi.

Mtundu wina wachiwawa cha pantchito ndi kuvutitsana maganizo, kumene bungwe lapadziko lonse loona za ntchito la International Labor Organization likuti ndi chiwawa cha m’maganizo. Mtundu waukulu wa vuto limeneli ndi kuopsezana.

Pulofesa Robert L. Veninga wa pa Yunivesite yotchedwa Minnesota, ku Amereka, anati “nkhaŵa ndiponso matenda amene amadza chifukwa cha nkhaŵa zimakhudza antchito padziko lonse.” Iyeyu anati, “malinga ndi lipoti la bungwe lapadziko lonse loona za ntchito, la 1993 World Labor Report lolembedwa ndi bungwe la United Nations’ International Labor Organization, vuto lalikulu n’lakuti nkhaŵa imayamba chifukwa chakuti ntchito zamasiku zimapangitsa munthu kuona kuti samuŵerengera, zimasinthasintha, ndiponso n’zovutitsa zedi.”

Choncho funso n’lakuti, ‘Kodi mabwana ndi antchito awo angatani kuti malo awo antchito akhale otetezeka? Tipenda zimenezi m’nkhani yotsatira.