Kodi Chilengedwe Chonsechi Ndiponso Zamoyozi Zinakhalako Bwanji?

“Sayansi yokha popanda chipembedzo n’njolemala ndipo chipembedzo chokha popanda sayansi n’chakhungu.”—Anatero Albert Einstein.

MASIKU ano kukuchitika zinthu zodabwitsa zambiri zimene sizinachitikepo n’kale lonse. Zimene asayansi ya zinthu zakuthambo akutulukira zikuwachititsa kuti aonenso bwinobwino nkhani ya kumene chilengedwe chonsechi chinachokera. Chilengedwechi chimachititsa chidwi anthu ambiri ndipo amafunsa mafunso amene anthu anayamba kudzifunsa kalekale akamaganizira kuti iwowo ali mbali yachilengedwechi. Mafunsoŵa ndi akuti: Kodi chilengedwechi ndiponso zamoyozi zinabwera bwanji ndipo zinabwereranji?

Ngakhale titasiya kuyang’ana zakumwamba n’kungoganizira za matupi athu enieniŵa, tingaone kuti zimene asayansi atulukira posachedwapa zokhudza chibadwa cha anthu zimabutsa mafunso enanso akuti: Kodi zinthu zamoyo zambirimbirizi zinalengedwa bwanji? Ndipo ngati pali winawake amene anazilenga, iyeyo ndani? Maselo athu a zachibadwa n’ngopangidwa m’njira yovuta kufotokoza kwambiri mwakuti pulezidenti wina wa dziko la United States ananena kuti: “Tikuphunzira mmene Mulungu analengera zamoyo.” Wasayansi wina wamkulu amene anachita nawo ntchito yofufuza zam’kati mwa maselo a zachibadwa cha anthu anathirira ndemanga yosonyeza kugoma ndi chibadwa chimenechi ponena kuti: “M’maselomo takwanitsa kuonamo zinthu zochepa chabe zosonyeza mmene tinapangidwira, ndipo poyamba Mulungu yekha ndiye ankazidziŵa basi.” Koma mafunso akuti kodi zamoyo zinabwera bwanji ndiponso kuti zinabwereranji adakalipobe.

“Mawindo Aŵiri”

Asayansi ena amanena kuti zinthu zonse zimene zimachitika m’chilengedwe chonsechi zimachitika zokha popanda nzeru za Mulungu zochititsa kuti zinthuzo zizichitika. Koma anthu ambiri, kuphatikizapo asayansi amene, sakhulupirira zimenezi ndi mtima wonse. Iwo amafuna kupeza zenizeni pofufuza ku zasayansi ndi zachipembedzo zomwe. Iwo amaona kuti sayansi ndiyo imalongosola za mmene chilengedwe chonsechi ndiponso zamoyozi zinabwerera, ndipo chipembedzo ndicho chimalongosola chifukwa chake.

Polongosola za mfundo imeneyi, wasayansi wina wotchedwa Freeman Dyson anati: “Sayansi ndi chipembedzo zili ngati mawindo aŵiri amene anthu amasuzumirapo pofuna kuona chilengedwe chachikulu kunjaku.”

“Sayansi imalimbana ndi zinthu zimene tingathe kuzimvetsa bwinobwino, koma chipembedzo chimalimbana ndi zinthu zovuta kumvetsa,” anafotokoza motero maganizo ake wolemba nkhani wina wotchedwa William Rees-Mogg. Iye anatinso: “Sayansi siingathe kupereka mfundo zotsimikizira kapena zotsutsa kuti kuli Mulungu, ndipo siingateronso pankhani ya makhalidwe kapena kusangalatsa kwa zinthu. Palibe mfundo iliyonse ya sayansi yosonyeza kuti ndibwino kukonda mnansi wako kapena kuona moyo wamunthu kuti ndi wofunika kwambiri . . . Kunena kuti chinthu chilichonse chimene chilikodi asayansi angathe kutsimikiza kuti chilikodi n’kulakwitsa kwambiri, ndipo kunena choncho kungatanthauze kuti zinthu zonse zimene timaona kuti n’zofunika m’moyo mwathu n’zopanda ntchito. Ndiye kuti Mulunguyo alibe ntchito pamodzinso ndi nzeru zonse za anthu, chikondi ndiponso luso la kulemba ndakatulo ndi kuyimba nyimbo.”

 “Zokhulupirira” za Asayansi

Zonena za asayansi zimaoneka kuti nthaŵi zambiri zimachokera pazinthu zongoganizira zimene zimafunika kachikhulupiriro kenakake. Mwachitsanzo, pankhani ya mmene moyo unayambira, asayansi ambiri onena kuti zamoyo zinachita kusanduka kuchokera kuchinthu chinachake amalimbikira mfundo zimene zimafunika kukhala ndi chikhulupiriro pa “ziphunzitso” zinazake. Zinthu zoona amaziphatikiza ndi zongoganizira. Asayansi akamatengerapo mwayi pa umbuli wa anthu ena ndiye n’kumangowanamiza anthuwo kuti azikhulupirira kuti zamoyo zinachita kusanduka kuchokera kuzinthu zinazake, kwenikweni amakhala akunena kuti: ‘Nkhani ya kukhala ndi khalidwe labwino siikukukhudzani ayi chifukwa chakuti munachokera ku zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimene asayansi amazifufuza.’ Richard Dawkins yemwe ndi katswiri wa sayansi ya zamoyo ananena kuti ‘tikayang’ana chilengedwe chonsechi sitipeza ndondomeko iliyonse, cholinga chilichonse, zoipa kapena zabwino zilizonse, koma timangopeza zinthu zosagwirizana zokhazokha.’

Pofuna kulimbikitsa zikhulupiriro zimenezi, asayansi ena amangonyalanyaza mfundo zonse zotsutsana ndi maganizo awo pankhani ya chiyambi chamoyo zimene asayansi anzawo apeza atafufuza mozama. Ngakhale patatha zaka mabiliyoni ambiri bwanji, timaona kuti n’zosatheka kuti selo ya chinthu chamoyo ilumikizike payokha n’kuyamba kugwira ntchito. * Motero, mfundo zongoumirira zinthu zopanda umboni polongosola za chiyambi cha zamoyo zimene zinalembedwa m’mabuku ambiri ophunzira kusukulu tiyenera kuziona kuti n’zopanda ntchito.

Kukhulupirira kuti zamoyo zinangokhalako zokha n’kovutirapo kusiyana ndi kukhulupirira kuti zinachita kulengedwa. Katswiri wa sayansi ya zakuthambo David Block anati: “Munthu amene sakhulupirira zakuti kuli Mlengi ayenera kukhala ndi chikhulupiriro champhamvu kusiyana ndi amene amakhulupirira zimenezi. Munthu akamanena kuti kulibe Mulungu, amakhala akunena zinthu zopanda maziko, zimene iyeyo amangokhulupirira basi.”

Zimene asayansi atulukira zingachititse asayansi ena kuganizira za Mulungu. Albert Einstein anavomereza kuti: “Pagulu la akatswiri a sayansi simudzalephera kupezapo winawake wokhulupirira zachipembedzo m’njira yakeyake. . . . Amaganiza zachipembedzo akamaona kugwirizana kwa malamulo okhudza zinthu zochitika m’chilengedwe, zimene zimasonyeza nzeru zapamwamba kwambiri mwakuti nzeru ndi zochita zonse za anthu zofuna kuyerekezera zimenezi sizifikapo m’pang’ono pomwe.” Komabe kuganizira za Mulungu kumeneku, sikuti  nthaŵi zonse kumawachititsa asayansi kukhulupirira kuti kuli Mlengi, amene ali Mulungu weniweni.

Sayansi Ili ndi Malire Ake

Ndibwino kuyamikira ndithu zimene asayansi atulukira ndiponso achita. Komabe, anthu ambiri angavomereze kuti ngakhale kuti sayansi imatidziŵitsa zinthu, sikuti ndi njira yokhayo yodziŵira zinthu. Cholinga cha sayansi ndicho kutifotokozera zinthu zochitika m’chilengedwe ndiponso kutithandiza kuyankha mafunso okhudza mmene zinthuzo zimachitikira.

Sayansi imatidziŵitsa zina n’zina zokhudza zachilengedwe zimene tingathe kuziona. Koma ngakhale asayansi atafufuza zinthu mozama bwanji, sikuti angadzathe kutiuza cholinga kapena kuti chifukwa chake chilengedwechi chinakhalapo.

“Pali mafunso ena amene asayansi sangathe kuyankha,” anafotokoza choncho wolemba mabuku wina Tom Utley. “Chabwino, n’kutheka kuti zamoyo zinayamba kukhalako pamene chinthu chinachake chinamwanyika zaka mabiliyoni 12 apitawo. Komabe, n’chifukwa chiyani nanga chinthucho chinamwanyika? . . . Ndipo kodi chinthucho chinachokera kuti? Kodi chisanakhaleko kunali chiyani?” Utley anangonena kuti: “Apa zikuoneka kuti . . . kuposa kale lonse, asayansi sadzathanso kukhutiritsa anthu powayankha mafunso awo onse.”

Zimene asayansi apeza pofuna kumvetsa nkhaniyi, sizitsimikizira m’pang’ono pomwe zoti kulibe Mulungu, m’malo mwake zimangotsimikizira kuti tikukhala m’dziko lochititsa nthumanzi lokhala ndi zinthu zambirimbiri ndiponso zovuta kuzifotokoza. Anthu ambiri oganiza bwino amaona kuti n’zomveka ndithu kunena kuti malamulo onse a m’chilengedwechi ndiponso mmene zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimachitikira m’chilengedwechi komanso maselo achibadwa cha zinthu zamoyo ndiponso kuchuluka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo zonse zimangosonyezeratu poyera kuti pali Mlengi. Palibe umboni uliwonse wakuti kulibe Mlengi.

‘Chikhulupiriro Chili ndi Umboni Wake’

Ngati chilengedwechi chili ndi Mlengi sitingaganize kuti tingam’dziŵe bwinobwino kapena kumvetsetsa zolinga zake pogwiritsira ntchito makina oonera zinthu zakuthambo, makina oonera zinthu zazing’ono kwambiri, kapena makina ena a sayansi. Taganizirani za munthu woumba ndiponso chinthu chimene iye waumba. Ngakhale mutachiyang’anitsitsa motani choumbacho simungathe kudziŵa cholinga chimene anachipangira. Kuti tidziŵe cholinga chake, tiyenera kufunsa woumbayo.

Francis Collins yemwe ndi katswiri wa tizilombo tosaoneka ndi maso analongosola mmene kukhala ndi chikhulupiriro ndiponso kukonda zauzimu kungam’thandizire munthu kuyankha zimene asayansi amakanika. Iye anati: “Ine sindiganiza kuti njira yabwino yofufuzira zam’kati mwa maselo achibadwa a anthu ndiyo chipembedzo ndiponso sindingaganize kuti sayansi ndiyo njira yabwino yofufuzira zinthu zauzimu. Koma pa mafunso ochititsa chidwi kwambiri amenenso ali ofunikadi, monga akuti ‘Kodi n’chifukwa chiyani anthufe tinakhalako?’ kapena ‘Kodi n’chifukwa chiyani anthu amafuna zopemphera?,’ ndimaona kuti sayansi sikhutiritsa anthu. Pali zikhulupiriro zopanda umboni zambirimbiri zimene zinalipo kenaka pang’ono ndi pang’ono zinatheratu. Koma chikhulupiriro chenicheni chidakalipobe, ndipo zimenezi zimasonyeza kuti chili ndi umboni wake.”

Chifukwa Chake Pali Chilengedwe ndi Zamoyo

Chipembedzo choona, chikamayankha mafunso olongosola chifukwa chake zinthuzi ziliko ndiponso chikamalongosola za cholinga cha moyo, chimauzanso anthu mfundo zimene angatsatire zokhudza zinthu zofunikadi m’moyo, makhalidwe abwino, kusiyanitsa zabwino ndi zoipa, ndiponso mmene angamakhalire kuti zinthu ziziwayendera bwino. Wasayansi wina dzina lake Allan Sandage analongosola kuti: “Sindiŵerenga buku la sayansi ya zamoyo pofuna kudziŵa mmene ndiyenera kukhalira m’moyo.”

Anthu mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lonse amaona kuti tsopano akudziŵa koloŵera akakhala ndi funso lokhudza mmene ayenera kukhalira m’moyo. Iwo amaonanso kuti anapeza mayankho okhutiritsadi okhudza mafunso akuti: Kodi n’chifukwa chiyani ife tinakhalako? Kodi tsogolo la anthufe n’lotani? Mayankho a mafunsoŵa alipo. Koma kodi ali kuti? Ali m’buku lakale ndiponso lofalitsidwa kwambiri mwa mabuku onse opatulika, ndipo limatchedwa Baibulo.

Baibulo limatiuza kuti Mulungu anakonza dziko lapansi makamaka n’cholinga chakuti anthu azikhalamo. Ponena za dzikoli Yesaya 45:18 amati: “Mulungu . . . sanalilenga mwachabe; [koma] iye analiumba akhalemo anthu.” Ndipo m’dzikomu anaikamo zinthu zonse zimene anthu amafunikira, osati kuti angokhala ndi moyo basi, komanso kuti azisangalala nawo kwambiri moyowo.

Anthu anawapatsa ntchito yoyang’anira dzikoli, kuti ‘alilime ndi kuliyang’anira.’ (Genesis 2:15) Baibulo limalongosolanso kuti kudziŵa zinthu ndiponso kukhala ndi nzeru ndi mphatso zochokera kwa Mulungu ndiponso kuti tiyenera kukonda anthu anzathu ndi kuwachitira zachilungamo. (Yobu 28:20, 25, 27; Danieli 2:20-23) Motero anthu angathe kupeza cholinga ndiponso kufunika kwa moyo ngati atazindikira ndi kuvomereza cholinga chimene Mulungu anawalengera. *

Kodi munthu woganiza bwinobwino masiku ano angagwirizanitse bwanji mfundo zasayansi ndi mfundo zokhulupirira zachipembedzo? Kodi ndi mfundo zotani zimene zingam’thandize kutero?

[Mawu a M’munsi]

 [Bokosi/Zithunzi patsamba 7]

Zimene Asayansi Ena Amanena

Anthu ena amaganiza kuti asayansi ambiri amadana ndi nkhani zokhudza zauzimu ndiponso kuphunzira za Mulungu chifukwa chakuti sakonda zachipembedzo kapena safuna kuloŵererapo pamkangano wa pakati pa zasayansi ndi zachipembedzo. Inde, alipo asayansi ena amene amatero koma si onse ayi. Taonani zimene asayansi aŵa ananena.

“Chilengedwechi chili n’chiyambi, kungoti asayansi sangathe kulongosola kuti chinakhalako chifukwa chiyani. Yankho n’lakuti n’chifukwa cha Mulungu.” “Ndimaona kuti Baibulo ndi buku loona ndiponso louziridwa ndi Mulungu. Munthu wina wanzeru kwambiri ayenera kuti ndiye amene analenga zamoyozi zomwe n’zosasimbika kuchuluka kwake.”—Anatero Ken Tanaka, yemwe ndi katswiri wofufuza miyala ndi nthaka ya padzikoli m’bungwe lotchedwa U.S. Geological Survey.

“Anthu ndiwo amachititsa kuti pakhale kusagwirizana pakati pa mfundo zosiyanasiyana (za sayansi ndi zachipembedzo). . . . Kudziŵa za Mlengi ndi kudziŵa za chilengedwe n’kogwirizana kwambiri.”—Anatero Enrique Hernández, yemwe ndi wofufuza ndiponso pulofesa mu dipatimenti ya za sayansi ya zinthu ndiponso sayansi ya zamankhwala pa yunivesite yotchedwa National Autonomous University of Mexico.

“Tikadzadziŵa bwinobwino zonsezi [zokhudza maselo a chibadwa cha anthu], tidzamvetsetsa kapangidwe kake kovuta ndiponso kudalirana kwake. Zidzatithandiza kuona kuti zonsezi zinachita kulengedwa ndi mlengi wanzeru, amene anazama n’kuganiza kuti zimenezi zitheke.”—Anatero Duane T. Gish, katswiri wa mankhwala opezeka m’zinthu zamoyo.

“Si zoona kuti sayansi ndiponso chipembedzo ndi zinthu zosagwirizana. Zinthu zonsezi zimalimbana ndi kudziŵa zoona. Sayansi imasonyeza kuti kuli Mulungu.”—Anatero D.H.R. Barton, pulofesa wa sayansi ya zamankhwala, ku Texas.

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

NASA/U.S. Geological Survey

Chinthunzi: www.comstock.com

NASA and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)

[Zithunzi patsamba 5]

Kodi zimene asayansi amafufuza zingatithandize kuyankha funso lakuti n’chifukwa chiyani anthufe tinakhalako?

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Mwachilolezo cha bungwe la Arecibo Observatory/David Parker/Science Photo Library

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 6]

Nyenyezi zili patsamba 2, 3, 5, ndi pamwamba pa tsamba  7: Anajambula ndi a National Optical Astronomy Observatories