Kodi Anthu Okonda Zinthu Zonyamula Mtima Amakopekeranji Ndi Maseŵera Angozi?

M’BWALO lakale lachiroma lochitirako ndeu zamaferano munadzaza namtindi wa anthu okwana 50,000, onsewo mitima ili m’malere. Mitima yawo inali dyokodyoko podikirira tsikuli pakuti nkhani imene inamveka ponseponse inali yakuti patsikuli kudzakhala “zinthu zosasimbika zosati n’kuziphonya.”

N’zoona kuti m’mabwalo ena munkachitika maseŵera ena monga omachita zinthu zodabwitsa, zisudzo ndiponso nthabwala ndipo ankakopa anthu ambiri a m’maderawo, komatu zimene zinkachitika kumabwalo amaseŵera a ndeu zamaferano zinali zinazina. Maseŵera onyamula mtimawo akangoyamba anthu oonerera ankaiwaliratu zakuti mipando imene akhalira ikupweteka kapenanso zakuti kunja kuno kuli mavuto.

Ndiyeno pankabwera oimba nyimbo ndipo kenaka pankabwera wansembe wovala mkanjo. Kenakanso anthu ena onyamula zofukiza ankadutsa m’bwalomo ndi mafano a milungu yosiyanasiyana yaimuna ndi yaikazi atawatukula m’mwamba kuti aliyense awaone. Ankatero kuti zonse zimene zichitike pabwalopo zioneke kuti n’zovomerezeka kwa milunguyo.

Nyama Zinali Kuphedwerapo

Zikatero ndiye kuti maseŵera onyamula mtima aja atsala pang’ono kuloŵa m’bwalo. Nthiwatiwa ndi akadyansonga, nyama zomwe ambiri m’khamulo anali asanazioneko, ndizo zinali zoyambirira ndipo ankazimasula kuti ziloŵe m’bwalomo mmene munalibe poti zingathaŵire. Ndiyeno akatswiri ambirimbiri a luso la chandamale atanyamula mauta ndi mipaliro ankalasa nyama zosoŵa kothaŵirazo ndipo akazimaliza anthu okonda kuonerera zinthu zonyamula mtimawo si kusangalala kwake.

Kenaka khamu la anthulo likuchemerera pankabuka ndeu yamaferano ya njovu ziŵiri zikuluzikulu zomwe ankazivekera zitsulo zakuthwa ku minyanga yake. Bwalo lonselo linkachita kunjenjemera ndi kuwomba m’manja kwa anthu chinjovu chimodzi chikagonja n’kulindimukira pansi pamchenga wokhathamira ndi magazi uku chitavulala mosati n’kuchira. Komatu zimenezi zinkangowayambitsa oonererawo njala yofuna kuona eni maseŵerawo amene anali atangotsala pang’ono kuloŵa m’bwalo.

Eni Maseŵera Akaloŵa M’bwalo

Anthu ochita ndeu yamaferano akamaloŵa m’bwalo, anthu okomedwa ndi maseŵera onyamula mtimawo anali pokopoko kuchemerera kwinaku akuimirira m’mipando yawo. Ena mwa anthuwo anali ndi malupanga ndi zishango ndiponso zipeŵa zazitsulo kapenanso zimipeni, koma ena sankatenga zida zambirimbiri ndiponso sankavala zinthu zambirimbiri. Akatero ndiye pankakhala ndeu yamaferano imene nthaŵi zambiri inkathera pakuti wina kapena aŵiri onsewo afa. Pali umboni wosonyeza kuti panthaŵi ina panaphedwa nyama 5,000 m’masiku 100. Panthaŵi inanso panaphedwa anthu 10,000 ochita maseŵera a ndeu zamaferano. Komabe anthuwo ankakuwa kuti akufuna aonere ndeu inanso.

Anthu ochita ndeu zimenezi sankavuta kupezeka, chifukwa ankatha kungotenga akaidi ndiponso anthu ena ogwidwa pankhondo. Komabe buku lina limati, “anthu ameneŵa ndi osiyana ndi anthu omenya ndeu yamaferano mochita kuphunzitsidwa amene ankamenyana ndi zida ndiponso ankalipidwa ndalama zankhaninkhani, komanso sankachita ndeuzi monga chilango cha moyo wawo wonse.” M’madera ena anthu ochita ndeu yamaferano ankapita kusukulu zapadera kumene ankaphunzitsidwa luso la kumenyana. Maseŵera angozi ameneŵa ankawanyamula mtima n’chifukwa chake ankakopeka nawo. Ndeu ikatha manja awo ankangonyerenyetsa pofuna ndeu inanso. Buku lina linati, “Amene ankakwanitsa kumenya ndeu zotere zokwana 50 anali mwamunamuna.”

Kumenyana ndi Ng’ombe

Masiku athu ano tili m’nthaŵi ina. Koma n’zoonekeratu kuti ngakhale panopo anthu ambiri mitima  yawo imachitabe dyokodyoko kufuna maseŵera angozi, makamaka oika moyo pachiswe. Mwachitsanzo, ku South America ndi ku Mexico maseŵera omenyana ndi nkhunzi za ng’ombe n’ngotchuka kuyambira kalekale. Masiku ano ndi odziŵika bwino m’mayiko a ku Latin America, m’dziko la Portugal, ndi la Spain.

Akuti ku Mexico kuli mabwalo pafupifupi 200 ochitirako maseŵeraŵa ndipo ku Spain aliko opitirira 400. M’bwalo lina lotere la ku Mexico mumatha kuloŵa anthu okwana 50,000. Mabwalo ambiri otereŵa amadzaza thothotho ndi anthu odzaonerera amunamuna akuonetsa chamuna chawo polimbana ndi nkhunzi zoti zangolusiratu. Chinam’tindicho chimakhuwizira ndeuyo ndipo womenyana ndi nkhunziyo akamakhala ngati akuchita mantha amam’kuwiza.

Masiku ano akazi asanduka akatswiri omenyana ndi nkhunzi, ndipo akupanga ndalama zosaneneka chifukwa chopha nkhunzi zimenezi. Katswiri wina wamkazi atamufunsa pa TV anati palibenso chinthu china chimene chimam’fikadi pamtima ngati kumenyana ndi nkhunzi yolusa, ngakhale kuti ingathe kumugunda n’kum’pheratu.

Kuthamangitsana ndi Nkhunzi

Lipoti lina linati: “Pa lesitilanti ina yotchedwa Sixto yomwe ili mumsewu wotchewa Estafeta mumzinda wa Pamplona pali chipiringu cha anthu amene akhala m’mizere inayi ndipo pakungomveka chiphokoso cha anthu kuti pokopoko. Anthuŵa akulankhula zinenero zosiyanasiyana, chi Basque, chi Castilian, chi Catalan, ndi Chingerezi.” Anthuwo amabwera msanga kuti adzaonerere maseŵerawo. Nkhunzi zomenyana ndi anthu amazisunga m’makola amene ali pamtunda wa pafupifupi kilomita imodzi kuchokera kubwalo lochitirako maseŵerawo.

M’maŵa wa tsiku lomenyana ndi nkhunzizo, amatsegula makolawo, n’kutulutsa nkhunzi zisanu ndi imodzi, ndi inanso yapambali, zokamenyana ndi anthu usiku watsikulo. Mphepete mwa msewuwo muli nyumba zambirimbiri, ndipo misewu yonse yoloŵa mumsewu umenewu amaitseka. Motero nkhunzizo zimathamanga mosavuta kukafika kubwaloko, ndipo zinthu zonse zikayenda bwino ulendowu umakhala mwina wa mphindi ziŵiri basi.

Kale anthu ena ankadziika dala pangozi, poyesa kupikisana ndi nkhunzizi. Chaka chilichonse ena amachitabe zimenezi. Panopo zimenezi zatchuka padziko lonse. Ena avulazidwa kwambiri ndi nkhunzizi, ndipo mpaka ena aphedwa chifukwa chogundidwa ndi nkhunzizi. Munthu wina wothamangitsana ndi nkhunzizi anati: “Ngati mumaganiza kuti mungathe kuthamanga kuziposa nkhunzizo mumangodzinamiza.” Bungwe la Red Cross la ku Spain linati, pa zaka 20 “pa avereji tsiku lililonse munthu m’modzi ankagundidwa ndi nkhunzizi.” Anthu enanso 20 kapena 25 ankapita nawo kuchipatala tsiku lililonse chifukwa chovulala.

Kodi anthu amakopekeranji ndi maseŵera angoziŵa? Munthu wina wochita maseŵeraŵa anayankha kuti: “Chimene chimatenga anthu mtima n’chakuti zimasangalatsa kwambiri ukamapikisana ndi nkhunzi zimenezi, n’kumamva kafungo kake, m’didi wa mapazi ake, n’kumaona nyanga zake zili jodijodi pafupi ndi iweyo.” Anthu ochemerera ndi amene amawapatsa mphamvu anthu othamangawo. Kodi n’kutheka kuti ochemerera ena angakhumudwe ngati atapanda kuona winawake atagundidwa ndi  nkhunzi yolemera makilogalamu 680 n’kufera pompo? Kodi n’kutheka kuti ena mwa anthu ameneŵa angatengeke mtima poona munthu akufa monga mmene ankatengekera mitima anthu m’mabwalo achiroma aja?

Kuseŵera ndi Imfa

Ndiye pali anthu ena amene amakonda kuseŵera ndi imfa m’njira zina. Ena amachita maseŵera angozi ndi njinga yamoto ndipo amaika moyo wawo pachiswe podumpha galimoto zopitirira 50 zoimikidwa mogundizana kapena amadumpha mabasi akuluakulu kapenanso amadumpha chingalande chachikulu. Munthu wina wochita maseŵera otere anati anathyoka mafupa 37 m’thupi mwake ndipo anakhalapo chikomokere kwa masiku 30. Iye anati: “Kuthyoka mafupa kapena manja si nkhaninso kwa ine. . . . Ndachitidwapo maopaleshoni khumi ndi aŵiri oongola mafupa. Poongolapo amacheka pamene pali vutopo n’kuikapo chinachake chogwirizira fupalo kapena n’kuikapo nsomali. Ineyo mwina andiika misomali yotere yokwana 35 kapena 40. Sinditi ndapita liti kuchipatala.” Nthaŵi inayake mkulu ameneyu anavulala akuchita maseŵera ongokonzekera ndipo analephera kudumpha galimoto zingapo, motero chinamtindi cha anthu oonerera chinam’kuwa kwabasi.

Anthu ambiri okonda maseŵera onyamula mtima amachita maseŵera angozi, maseŵera amene amaika moyo pachiswe. Ena mwa maseŵeraŵa ndiwo kukwera khoma la nyumba zosanja zazitali kwambiri popanda chilichonse chowatetezera, kutsetsereka pachithabwa kuchokera paphiri lokutidwa ndi chipale chofeŵa lamtsetse wautali mamita 6,000, kudumpha kuchoka pansanja zazitali ndiponso milatho atadzimangirira chingwe champhira kumwendo, kudumpha m’ndege atadzimangirira kumsana kwa munthu wina wokhala ndi chida chodumphira m’ndege pangozi, kapena kukwera matanthwe otsetsereka kwambiri okutidwa ndi madzi oundana atangotenga mapiki ang’onoang’ono basi. Munthu wina wokwera matanthwe otere anadandaula kuti: “Pachaka ndimadziŵa kuti anzanga atatu kapena anayi afa.” Izi ndi zinthu zina chabe zoika moyo pachiswe zimene zatchuka pa zamaseŵero. Wolemba wina anati: “Chimene chimatenga mtima anthu kwambiri kuti azichita maseŵera angozi ndicho kudziŵa kuti angathe kuchita ngozi yosaneneka.”

Magazini ya U.S.News & World Report inati: “Ngakhale maseŵera oopsa kwambiri ayamba kutchuka. Akatswiri a maseŵera ouluka mlengalenga amatembenuka n’kumazungulira atavala chinsapato choyendera m’mafunde a mphepo mlengalenga ndipo amachoka patali mamita 4,000 n’kumatsikira pansi. Maseŵera ameneŵa kunalibe mu 1990; koma masiku ano anthu masauzande ambiri akuchita maseŵeraŵa. Palinso maseŵera ena odumpha kuchokera pa nyumba, mathiranzimita, milatho ndiponso nsonga za mapiri. Maseŵeraŵa anawakhazikitsa m’chaka cha 1980 ndipo pano amakopa anthu ambiri amene nthaŵi zambiri amadumpha pa zida zodumphira m’ndege pangozi, kuchoka pa zinthu monga mathiranzimita oulutsira mawu pa wailesi kapena milatho ndipo nthaŵi zambiri amatero moswa lamulo la boma komanso panthaŵi yausiku.” Maseŵera ameneŵa aphetsa kale anthu ambiri. Munthu wina wojaira maseŵera ameneŵa anati: “Pa maseŵeraŵa sipakhala anthu ambiri ongovulala. Ndi moyo kapena imfa basi.”

Anthu enanso ochuluka kwambiri ayamba kukopeka ndi maseŵera okwera matanthwe otsetsereka kwambiri ndi zala zakumanja ndi kumapazi basi. Ngakhale akamatsatsa malonda pa TV ndi m’magazini, kaya a galimoto zikuluzikulu kapena a mankhwala a litsipa, amasonyeza anthu atamamatira ku matanthwe otsetsereka kwambiri a mapiri ali pamwamba penipeni, atangodzimanga ndi kachingwe kakang’onong’ono. Akuti m’chaka cha 1989 anthu pafupifupi 50,000 anayesa kuchita nawo maseŵera ameneŵa ku United States ndipo posachedwapa akuti mwina anthu ena okwana theka la miliyoni akukopeka ndi maseŵera angoziŵa. Padziko lonse anthuŵa akuchuluka.

Ku United States, “anyamata ndi atsikana ochuluka akufa kapena kupunduka chifukwa chochita maseŵera osiyanasiyana oopsa atsopano,” inatero maganizi yotchedwa Family Circle. Achinyamata ambiri afa pochita maseŵera otulukira pa windo la galimoto imene ikuthamanga n’kukwera padenga pake. Kapenanso kuima pamwamba pa chikepe chimene chikuyenda kapena pamwamba pa sitima ya pansi panthaka imene ikuthamanga.

 Ngakhale kukwera phiri lalitali kwambiri la Everest kwatchuka kwambiri kuposa kale lonse. Anthu osaphunzitsidwa bwinobwino kukwera mapiri akuwononga ndalama zokwana madola 65,000 kuti awaperekeze kukafika pamwamba paphirili n’kubwerera nawonso kudzafika pansi pake. Kuchokera chaka cha 1953, anthu opitirira 700 anakafika pamwamba pa phirili. Ambiri analephera kubwerera kukafikanso pansi. Mitembo ina ya anthuŵa idakali pamwamba pompo. Mtolankhani wina analemba kuti: “Masiku ano anthu ayamba kufuna kuti iwowo ndiwo akhale munthu woyamba wam’ng’ono kwambiri kapena wamkulu kwambiri kapenanso wokafika msanga kwambiri pamwamba pa phirili n’kukabwerako.” Winanso analemba kuti: “Mosiyana ndi maseŵera ena aliwonse, kukwera mapiri kumafunika anthu ololera kufa.” Koma kodi munthu ayenera kuika moyo wake pachiswe kuti asonyeze kuti n’ngolimba mtima? Munthu wina amene ankakwera mapiri kale anachenjeza kuti: “Kulimba mtima sikuchita zinthu zopusa ayi.” Iye anatchulapo kuti zina mwa “zinthu zopusa” zimenezi ndi “kukwera phiri la Everest usanadziŵe kwenikweni kukwera mapiri.”

Apatu m’pamene zinthu zafika. Mwakuti pali anthu osaneneka amene akuchita maseŵera ochuluka ndiponso osiyanasiyana oika moyo pachiswe amene akufalikira padziko lonse. Katswiri wina wa zamaganizo ananeneratu kuti maseŵera oika moyo pachiswe, “adzasanduka maseŵera amene anthu ambiri azionerera ndiponso kuwachita m’zaka za m’ma 2000 zino.”

Kodi Amachitiranji Maseŵera Otere?

Anthu ambiri okondetsa maseŵera amadziikira kumbuyo pochita maseŵera oika moyo pachiswe ponena kuti amawathandiza kuti asamangonyong’onyeka. Akatopa ndi kugwira ntchito inayake ena amasintha ntchito n’kuyamba ntchito yochita maseŵera angozi. Munthu wina wotere anati: “Ndinayamba maseŵera omadumpha kuchokera pamwamba pa zinthu zazitali nditadzimangirira chingwe chokhala ndi mphira chifukwa maseŵeraŵa ankandifika pamtima, ndipo ankandiiwalitsa mavuto anga onse. Ndikadumpha, zoti kunja kuno kuli mavuto ndinkangoiwaliratu.” Magazini ina inati: “Mkulu ameneyu wadumpha ka 456, ndipo ena mwa malo amene anadumphako ndi pa chiphedi cha El Capitan cham’chigwa cha Yosemite, mlatho wa ku San Francisco wotchedwa Bay Bridge, ndiponso anadumpha kuchokera m’chikepe choyenda m’mwamba kwambiri padziko lonse chonyamula anthu m’dera lamapiri cha ku France.”

Munthu wina wochita maseŵera ameneŵa anati: “Zimangokhala ngati kuti nthaŵi sikuyendanso ayi. Suganizakonso za zimene zikuchitika kunja kuno.” Winanso anati: “Zimene ifeyo timachita monga maseŵera chabe [zimene ena amatha kupezerapo kangachepe], n’zoti anthu ambiri sangazichite ngakhale atawalozetsa mfuti n’kuwauza kuti akakana awawombera.” Maganizi ya Newsweek inati: “Anthu onseŵa amangofuna chinachake chowanyamula mtima basi, zingavute bwanji.”

Akatswiri ena a zamaganizo afufuza kwambiri nkhani ya kukonda maseŵera otere. Katswiri wina wotere ananena kuti anthu okonda maseŵera onyamula mtima ali ndi chibadwa chongokonda zinthu  zotero. Iwo amakonda kuika moyo wawo pachiswe pofuna kusangalala. Iye anati: “Pali anthu ena amene amachita zinthu mosonyeza kuti moyo amaufunadi. Koma anthu amene chibadwa chawo n’chokonda zinthu zangozi alibe nazo ngakhale pang’ono. Amangokhala ngati kuti ali ndi moyo winanso wapadera.” Iye anati ofufuza anapeza kuti anthu achibadwa chotere amachita ngozi zapamsewu moŵirikiza poyerekezera ndi anthu ena. “Ngozi n’zimene zimapha achinyamata ambiri, ndipo nthaŵi zambiri n’chifukwa chakuti amaika dala moyo wawo pachiswe pofuna kudzinyamula mtima basi.”

Asayansi ndi akatswiri a zamaganizo amavomereza kuti munthu akamakonda maseŵera oika moyo pachiswe ndiye kuti munthuyo penapake zinthu sizili bwino. Ndipotu mukaganizira kuti anthu ambiri avulala kodetsa nkhaŵa n’kuchira atakhala m’chipatala kwa nthaŵi yaitali komano n’kumakapitirizabe maseŵera oika moyo pachiswe, mungathe kuona kuti penapake zinthu sizili bwinodi m’mutu mwawo. Komatu nthaŵi zambiri anthu otere amakhala anzeru kwambiri.

Akatswiri samvetsa chimene chimachititsa anthu okonda maseŵera onyamula mtima kuika moyo wawo pachiswe. Iwo amati n’kutheka kuti zonsezi zimachitika chifukwa cha mmene mutu wawo umayendera. Amati: “N’zosatheka kuwaletsa kukonda maseŵera onyamula mtima koma zimene munthu angachitepo n’kungowathandiza kuti asataye moyo wawo. Ngakhale atalephera kuwaletsa kutero chachikulu n’chakuti ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti zochita zawo zisaike pangozi anthu ena.”

Mmene Akristu Amaonera Nkhaniyi

Akristu amaona kuti moyo ndi mphatso yochokera kwa Yehova Mulungu yamtengo wapatali kwambiri. Munthu akaika dala moyo wake pachiswe pochita dala zinthu zangozi n’cholinga chosonyeza kuti iyeyo ndi mwamunamuna wogona kukhomo kosatseka, kapena n’cholinga chofuna kusangalatsa namtindi wa anthu kapena pofuna kudzinyamula mtima, kwenikweni amakhala akunyoza mphatso ya moyo imene Mulungu anatipatsa anthufe. Yesu analemekeza kwambiri moyo wake ndipo sanachitire dala zinthu zoika moyo wake pachiswe. Iye anakana kumuyesa Mulungu.—Mateyu 4:5-7.

Nawonso Akristu ali ndi udindo wolemekeza moyo. Mkristu wina analemba kuti: “Nthaŵi inayake ndinakwera chithanthwe chozondoka kwambiri ndipo ndinafika penapake pakuti sindikanatha kubwerera kapena kupita patsogolo. Mpaka panopo ndimati ndikamaganizira zimenezi ndimagwidwa nthumanzi kwambiri chifukwa nthaŵiyi imfa ndinachita kuyang’anana nayo pamasom’pamaso. Komatu ndiye n’kadafera za zii!”

Mtsikana wina wachikristu analemba kuti: ‘Kumene ndimakhala, ana ambiri amachita nawo maseŵera onyamula mtima. Nthaŵi zonse amandinyengerera kuti ndizichita nawo. Koma nthaŵi zambiri ndimaŵerenga m’nyuzipepala kuti anthu enaake afa kapena avulala modetsa nkhaŵa pochita maseŵera ameneŵa omwe ana anzangaŵa amati n’ngosangalatsa. Ndimadziŵa kuti n’kusaganiza bwino kuika pachiswe moyo umene Yehova Mulungu anandipatsa, chifukwa chongofuna kudzinyamula mtima kwa kanthaŵi kochepa.’ Inunso tsatirani maganizo ndiponso nzeru zimenezi.

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