Mabanja Akholo Limodzi Akuchuluka Kwambiri

“Nthaŵi zambiri usiku ndinkapemphera kwa Mulungu kwinaku misozi ili chuchuchu n’kumati: ‘Sindikudziŵa kuti kaya maŵa ndichite zotani.’”—ANATERO MAYI WINA WOPANDA BANJA YEMWE ALI NDI ANA ATATU, DZINA LAKE GLORIA.

MASIKU ano mabanja a kholo limodzi ngosasoŵanso m’madera ambiri. * Poona kuti moyo wa m’banja wokhala ndi bambo, mayi, ndiponso ana wayamba kusiyana ndi mmene unkakhalira kale, akatswiri oona za kuchuluka kwa anthu m’madera osiyanasiyana ndiponso a zachikhalidwe cha anthu akudabwa kuti n’chifukwa chiyani zikutere.

Mapulofesa a zachikhalidwe cha anthu, omwe maina awo ndi Simon Duncan ndi Rosalind Edwards ananena kuti: “Kusintha kwa zinthu kumene kumachitika pakatenga nthaŵi yaitali kukukhudza mabanja ndiponso mmene amuna ndi akazi amaonerana.” N’chifukwa chiyani zikutero? Anthu ena akuti zimenezi zikuchitika chifukwa cha zofuna za anthu pankhani ya mmene azikhalira malinga n’kusintha kwa zachuma ndiponso chikhalidwe.

Tiyeni tikambirane zina mwa zinthu zimene zimasinthazi komanso zinthu zimene anthu akuchita. Chinthu chachikulu chimene chikuvutitsa anthu ndicho moyo wopanikiza wochita kusoŵa popumira. Masiku ano kukangocha anthu ambiri amatayira nthaŵi yawo pochita zinthu zina zosagwirizana ndi banja lawo.

 Mbali ina yaikulu njokhudza mavuto a zachuma. Chifukwa chakuti moyo wa masiku ano ndi wolira ndalama, makolo ambiri akugwira ntchito. Popeza kuti anthu ambiri sakukonda kukhazikika pamalo amodzi antchito, anthu a m’mabanja ambiri akuchoka pakhomo n’kumakagwira ntchito kutali kumene kulibe achibale awo alionse amene akanatha kumawathandiza. Ndipo nthaŵi zina amatha ngakhale kusiya m’mbuyo mkazi kapena mwamuna wawo. M’mayiko ambiri zosangalatsa zotchuka ndizo zikuwonjezera kuipitsa zinthu chifukwa chakuti nthaŵi zambiri zimapasula anthu ogwirizana, monga anthu am’banja. *

Amayi Amakono Olera Ana Popanda Bambo

Masiku ano anthu akamaganiza za mayi wolera ana popanda bambo saganizanso mmene ankaganizira kale m’mayiko otukuka kuti ameneyo ndi mtsikana yemwe wabereka mwana wapathengo amene akulandira chithandizo cha boma. Masiku ano anthu akuona kuti kubereka mwana wapathengo si chinthu chochititsanso manyazi ndipo anthu otchuka okonda khalidweli amalikometsa. Komanso azimayi ambiri ndi ophunzirako bwino ndithu ndipo akhozanso kudzisamala okha, choncho sangalire kukwatiwa kuti apeze ndalama zolerera ana.

Azimayi ena olera ana popanda bambo, makamaka azimayi omwe makolo awo anasudzulana, sakwatiwanso chifukwa chakuti safuna kuti ana awo adzavutike poona bambo awo akulekana ndi mayi awo. Azimayi ena amalera okha ana chifukwa chakuti amuna awo anawasiya, osati mwakufuna kwawo ayi. Bungwe lotchedwa Joseph Rowntree Foundation of Britain linanena kuti: “Si kuti nthaŵi zonse makolo olera ana ali okha amachitira dala kapena kuti umakhala uli umbombo ayi, ndipo ana amene ali m’mabanja a kholo limodzi samawalekerera koma amawalangiza.”

Komabe kuchuluka kwa mabanja a kholo limodzi ndi nkhani yodetsa nkhaŵa chifukwa chakuti makolo ena olera ana ali okha ndiponso anawo amavutika maganizo, amakhala paumphaŵi, komanso amakhala otsalira. Anthu ena amakayikira kuti bambo kapena mayi angalere ana ake bwinobwino payekha. Kodi mavuto ena amene mabanja a kholo limodzi amakumana nawo ndi otani? Kodi Mkristu angayendetse bwanji zinthu bwinobwino kuti akwanitse chintchito cholera ana ali yekha?

[Mawu a M’munsi]

 [Bokosi/Mapu pamasamba 4, 5]

MAKOLO OLERA ANA ALI OKHA AFALA M’MAYIKO AMBIRI

United States: “Kuyambira m’chaka cha 1970 mpaka m’chaka cha 2000, azimayi olera ana popanda bambo anawonjezeka kuchoka pa 3 miliyoni mpaka kufika pa 10 miliyoni. Panthaŵi yomweyi, nawonso azibambo otere anawonjezeka kuchoka pa 393,000 mpaka kufika pa 2 miliyoni.”—Linatero Bungwe la kalembera la ku America lotchedwa U.S. Census Bureau.

Mexico: Nyuzipepala yotchedwa La Jornada inanena kuti pafupifupi azimayi 27 pa 100 alionse apakati m’dzikolo amakhala atsikana osakwanitsa n’komwe zaka 20.

Ireland: M’chaka cha 1981, pa mabanja 100 alionse pankapezeka mabanja pafupifupi 6 akholo limodzi koma podzafika m’chaka cha 1991 ankapezeka pafupifupi 8. “Makamaka kutha kwa mabanja n’kumene kukuchititsa kuti pazipezekabe azimayi olera ana popanda bambo.”—Linatero buku lonena za azimayi olera ana ali okha la m’chaka cha 1997, lotchedwa Single Mothers in an International Context.

Britain: “Kwa nthaŵi yoyamba mabanja akholo limodzi lokha apitirira mabanja 25 pa 100 alionse, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti azimayi omwe sanakwatiwepo n’komwe akuchuluka kwambiri ndipo anthu ambiri akhala akusudzulana zaka 30 zapitazo.”—Inatero nyuzipepala ya ku London, ya pa March 2, 2000, yotchedwa The Times.

France: “Kuyambira chakumapeto kwa m’ma 1970, mabanja akholo limodzi akhala akuwonjezeka kwambiri.”—Linatero buku la Single Mothers in an International Context, la mu 1997.

Germany: “Mabanja akholo limodzi lokha anachuluka moŵirikiza pazaka makumi aŵiri zapitazo. Pafupifupi mabanja onse akholo limodzi . . . akuyang’aniridwa ndi azimayi.”—Linatero buku la Single Mothers in an International Context, la mu 1997.

Greece: “Chiyambireni m’chaka cha 1980, azimayi opanda amuna awo awonjezeka kungotsala pang’ono kufika 30 pa 100 alionse. Ndipo bungwe lotchedwa European Union linafotokoza kuti m’chaka cha 1997 ana apathengo anali ochulukirapo ndithu, koma m’chaka cha 1980 analipo ocheperapo.”—Inatero nyuzipepala ya ku Athens ya pa September 4, 1998, yotchedwa Ta Nea.

Japan: ‘Mabanja a azimayi olera ana ali okha akhala akuchulukirachulukira kuyambira cha m’ma 1970.’ M’chaka cha 1997, azimayi 17 pa 100 alionse anali kuyang’anira okha mabanja awo.—Linatero buku la Single Mothers in an International Context, 1997 ndi la The World’s Women 2000: Trends and Statistics.

Australia: Pafupifupi mwana mmodzi mwa anayi alionse amakhala ndi bambo ake okha kapena mayi ake okha om’bereka . Kaŵirikaŵiri zimenezi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti makolowo anathetsa ukwati wawo kapena kuti anayambana. Anthu akunena kuti pomatha zaka 25, mabanja akholo limodzi atha kuwonjezeka kuyambira pa mabanja 30 kapena 66 pa 100 alionse.—Linatero bungwe la kalembera lotchedwa Australian Bureau of Statistics.