Mbalame Zofiira Nthenga, Zodziŵa Kuvina

YOLEMBEDWA NDI WOLEMBA GALAMUKANI! KU KENYA

PHOKOSO langoti buu. Panyanja inayake ya m’dera linalake limene kuli anthu ochepa pakungomveka kulira kosalekeza. Mbalame zambirimbiri zofiirira zikuyenda m’madzi obiriŵira a m’nyanjayi. Zina zikuuluka ndipo zangoti psuu m’mwamba monse. Zikungoseŵera mozungulirazungulira pamadzipo kwinaku zikukupiza mapiko awo omwe ngaatali komanso ngaang’ono ndipo zikamatero zikumaonetsa nthenga zawo zofiira moderako. Kuona chigulu cha mbalame zokongola mokopa mtima zimenezi, n’kochititsa chidwi kwambiri! N’kutheka kuti zimenezi ndi mbalame zochititsa chidwi kwambiri padziko lonse ndipo zimatchedwa kuti ziswankhono zofiirira za m’Chigwa Chachikulu cha muno mu Africa.

N’zamiyendo Italiitali Yokongola

Kuyambira kale anthu akhala akuchita chidwi ndi ziswankhono chifukwa n’zochititsa kaso ndiponso n’zodelereka m’maso. Kale, anthu ankajambula zithunzi za khosi lake lalitalilo pogoba miyala ndipo zithunzi zotere zidakalipo m’zolembedwa zakale za ku Egypt. Anthu ankadabwa ndiponso kuchita chidwi kwambiri ndi maonekedwe a mbalameyi moti ku Egypt ankailambira ngati mbalame imene inkaimira mulungu wotchedwa Ra. Khosi lowonda komanso lokhota la mbalameyi, ndiponso miyendo yake yaitali komanso yokongola ankaijambula m’zithunzi zakale zopezeka m’mapanga.

Masiku ano pali mitundu inayi ya mbalamezi  yomwe imapezeka ku Africa kuno, ku Caribbean, Eurasia, ndi ku South America, ndi India. Pali mtundu wina wa ziswankhono zomwe ndi zing’onozing’ono kuposa zina zonse. Ziswankhono zotere n’zokongola ndipo zili ndi nthenga zofiirira komanso miyendo ndi zipalapaso zake n’zofiira kwambiri. Mtundu wa ziswankhono zikuluzikulu umakula moŵirikiza kaŵiri msinkhu wa zing’onozing’onozi ndipo zimatalika masentimita 140. Ziswankhono zonse zili ndi chinthu chimodzi chofanana. Chinthuchi ndi mlomo womwe pakati umakhota pang’ono n’kukhala ngati wayang’ana pansi, moti umaoneka mochititsa kaso kwambiri.

Chikamafuna kuuluka, chiswankhono chimakupiza mapiko ake monyadira ndipo chimathamanga pamadzi n’timiyendo take tochenjerato kuti chipeze mphamvu zoti chiulukire. Mbalameyi imauluka monyadira itasolola khosi lake lalitalilo komanso itaumitsa timiyendo take n’kutiwongolera m’mbuyo. M’chigwa Chachikulu cha ku Africa kuno akuti mwina muli ziswankhono zokwana 4 miliyoni.

N’zodelereka Koma Zimakhala M’dera Lovuta Kukhalamo

Ziswankhono zambiri zimene zili m’chigwachi zimakhala m’nyanja zingapo zomwe zili ndi madzi a m’chere wa mtundu winawake. Madzi ameneŵa ali ndi m’chere wambiri wotere moti mukawakhudza amamveka ngati muli mafuta ndipo khungu lanu limathetheka pang’ono. Kunyanja zimenezi kumatha kutentha moti madzi akewo amatha kufunda ngati madzi okandirira nsima. Fungo la asidi ndi mchere limene limachokera m’madzi a m’nyanjayo omwe amakhala ngati akuwira, limangoti guu mumpweya wotenthawo. Madziŵa ndi a mchere kwambiri moti m’mphepete mwa nyanja monse mumangoti mbuu chifukwa cha mcherewo.

N’zamoyo zochepa chabe zimene zingathe kukhala m’madzi angati ameneŵa. Koma m’madzi ameneŵa mumamera ndere. Nderezi zimamera  bwino chifukwa cha dzuŵa lotentha lomwe limawomba pamadziŵa, n’chifukwa chake ziliko zambiri. Nderezi n’zochuluka kwabasi moti madzi a m’nyanjayi amaoneka obiriŵira. Nyanja za m’chere zimenezi zimakongoletsa zigwa ndiponso mapiri ozungulira chigwachi ngati mmene miyala yamtengo wapatali imakongoletsera mkanda wa m’khosi.

N’zodabwitsa kwambiri kuti mbalame yodelereka ya chiswankhono imakhala bwinobwino m’dera lovuta kukhalamo limeneli. Timiyendo take towondato sitithetheka ndi madzi a m’chereŵa, ndipo zala zake zangati zabakha, zimaithandiza kuti isakanirire m’matope. Mtundu wa ziswankhono zing’onozing’ono uli ndi njira yakeyake yokhalira m’dera lovutali. Mlomo wake uli ndi cheya chimene chimatha kukola tizilombo timene timayalana pamwamba pa madzipo. Ziswankhonozi zimadya zitalozetsa mlomo pansi, n’kuuyang’anitsa chakumbuyo, utamira pang’ono. Lilime la chiswankhono limatha kupopa madzi n’kuwalavula moti adutse pa cheya paja kuti tizilombo tija tisefeke n’kutsalira m’kamwa.

Zimatchetchererana Mochititsa Chidwi

M’maŵa, dzuŵa likatuluka n’kumawala pa madzi ooneka mobiriŵira a m’nyanjawo, zimangooneka ngati kuti achotsa chinsalu chachikulu chimene chinaphimba dera lonselo. Dzuŵa  likamatuluka, panyanja ponsepo pamangoti psuu chifukwa pamakhala ziswankhono zosaneneka. Mbalamezi zimadzazana thothotho panyanjapo. Zikamatchetchererana, zimakhala m’chigulu zitaimitsa makosi n’kumayendetsa milomo uku ndi uku.

Magulu a mbalamezi akamadutsana, kuwala kwa dzuŵa kumachititsa kuti nthenga zawo, zomwe sizichedwa kuthothoka, zizioneka kuti psuu. Mbalamezi zimadumphadumpha n’kumavina, kwinaku zikumatambasula mapiko n’kumaonetsa nthenga zofiira modera za m’mapikowo. Zimakhumbiza nthenga zawo zokongolazo pothamanga pamadzipo n’kuyamba kuuluka basi n’kuteranso kenaka n’kumangobwerezabwereza. Ziswankhono zimakhala mothithikana kwambiri moti zimene zili mkati mwa chigulumo sizingathe kuuluka, choncho zimadikira kuti zimene zili m’mbalizo ziuluke kaye. Zikakondwa, zimalira mochita kuboola m’kutu.

Kenaka kukachita mdima, chigulu cha mbalamezi chimangouluka mokhala ngati zinapangana. Zimauluka zitayalana m’mizere yowongoka yaitali kapena yooneka ngati chilembo cha V mpaka kukafika kunyanja ya madzi a mchere yomwe ili ndi malo abwino omangako zisa ndiponso olelerako anapiye awo. N’zodabwitsa kuti ziswankhono za kunyanja zina za m’chigwachi zimachitanso chimodzimodzi panthaŵi yomweyi.

Zimabadwa Zonyansa N’kumakongola Zikamakula

Ziswankhono zimakonda kumanga zisa zawo panyanja zakutali ndiponso zovuta kufikako. Zimatero chifukwa chakuti sizifuna kusokonezedwa ngakhale pang’ono panthaŵi imeneyi. Zikasokonezedwa, zimatha kunyanyala mazira, osadzawafungatiranso.

Ziswankhono zomanga zisa zimakhala yakaliyakali pogwira ntchito yawo yomanga zisayo. Zimazondotsa pansi makosi awo aataliwo n’kutapa matope, zitosi, ndiponso nthenga n’kuziunjika kukhala kamulu mwinamwake ka masentimita 40. Pamwamba pa kamuluka pamakhala poloŵa pang’ono kuti dzira lisamakhudze madzi a mcherewo. Mosakhalitsa, mbalamezi zimayamba kuswa anapiye ankhaninkhani. Mbalame zimene zaswazo zimachokachoka polimbana ndi chintchito chodyetsa ndi kusamalira anapiye awo omwe amakhala akuvuta ndi njala.

Kenaka anapiyewo akakula n’kuyamba kuyenda, makolo awo amawaleka n’kupita mbali ina ya nyanjayo komwe kuli ndere zabwino komanso zochuluka. Kumeneko, zimakapuma kuvutititsidwa ndi anapiyewo, ndipo zimakadya mtima uli m’malo kuti zipezenso mphamvu. Kenaka ziswankhono zina zingapo zazikulu zimasonkhanitsa anapiye ambirimbiriwo kuti ziziwasamalira pamodzi. Anapiyeŵa ali pokopoko kulira, ziswankhonozi zimawayang’anira n’kumayenda nawo m’malo omwe anaphwa madzi, mpaka anapiyewo amakapezana ndi makolo awo. N’zodabwitsa kuti m’chipwirikiti chotere mbalamezi zimatha kudziŵa anapiye awo n’kuyambanso kuwasamalira.

Anapiyeŵa sakhala okongola monga mmene makolo awo alili. Timiyendo ndiponso timakosi tawo ntatifupi, milomo yawo njowongoka ndipo nthenga zawo n’zoyera basi. Pakapita nthaŵi ndithu, timiyendo tawo tatifupito timayamba kukula ndipo makosi awo amayamba kutalika n’kumakhota, ndipo milomo yawo imayamba kupindikira pansi n’kuyamba kuoneka ngati ziswankhono zenizeni. Pamatha mwina zaka ziŵiri kapena zitatu kuti mwanapiye wosaoneka bwinoyu asanduke chiswankhono chokongola bwino, cha psuu. Kenaka amatengana ndi tambala kapena thadzi n’kuloŵa m’gulu la ziswankhono zambirimbiri zofiirira zomwe zimakongoletsa kwambiri nyanja za m’chigwachi.

Kukongola kwa chiswankhono kumasonyezeratu poyera kuti zachilengedwe n’zopangidwa mwanzeru. Kuona mbalame zochititsa kaso zimenezi zili komwe zimakhala, n’kosangalatsa ndipo kulira kwake n’kochititsa chidwi. Koma chachikulu n’chakuti, kumatichititsa kuti tiyamikire ndiponso tikonde kwambiri Mlengi wake wochita zodabwitsa, Yehova Mulungu.

[Chithunzi patsamba 25]

Mtundu wa ziswankhono zikuluzikulu

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Mtundu wa ziswankhono zing’onozing’ono

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Ana a ziswankhono si okongola ngati makolo awo