N’chifukwa Chiyani Vutoli Likukula?

KODI mukudziŵa kuti uhule ndi ntchito yachitatu pa ntchito za ndalama kwambiri padziko lonse? Ziŵiri zoyambirira ndi katangale wa mankhwala ozunguza bongo ndi wa zida za nkhondo. Nthambi ya bungwe la United Nations yoona za maphunziro, sayansi ndi chikhalidwe yotchedwa UNESCO inati uhule wa mitundu yonse ukufala kwambiri.

M’dziko lina la ku Latin-America, komiti yomwe anaikhazikitsa kuti ifufuze nkhaniyi, inanena kuti m’dzikomo muli ana ochita uhule oposa 500,000, ngakhale kuti kuchita uhule n’koletsedwa.

M’dziko linanso, muli ana pafupipafupi 300,000, ochita uhule omwe amangoyendayenda m’misewu, makamaka m’madera momwe  mumachitika katangale wa mankhwala ozunguza bongo.

M’mayiko a ku Asia atsikana ang’onoang’ono pafupipafupi wani miliyoni, akuti amawachititsa uhule monga akapolo. Madera ena ngotchuka chifukwa cha uhule wa ana komanso alendo ofuna mahule.

Chifukwa cha kufala kwa matenda opatsirana kudzera m’chiwerewere, monga a Edzi, anthu amalolera kupereka ndalama zambiri kuti agone ndi ana pokhulupirira kuti sanagonepo ndi aliyense ndipo motero sangakhale ndi matenda. Mayi Luíza Nagib Eluf, omwe amagwira ntchito ku Unduna wa Zachilungamo m’dziko la Brazil, anafotokoza kuti: “Chifukwa chochita mantha ndi Edzi, amuna akumafuna tiatsikana ndi tianyamata, zomwe zikuchititsa kuti vutoli likule kwambiri.” Mayiyu ananenanso kuti: “Kugona atsikana ang’onoang’ono ndiponso osinkhukirapo ndilo vuto lalikulu kwambiri lomwe akazi osauka akukumana nalo ku Brazil.”

Uhule wa Ana Umayenderana ndi Umphaŵi

Uhule wa ana umafala kwambiri m’madera momwe muli mavuto osiyanasiyana ndiponso umphaŵi. Malinga ndi zomwe ananena munthu wina wogwira ntchito za boma, akuti “mavuto ndiponso njala yomwe imabwera banja likatha ndizo zimayambitsa vuto la kugona ana ndiponso uhule wa ana” m’dziko lake. Makolo ena amanena anayambitsa ana awo uhule chifukwa cha umphaŵi. Ana ongoyendayenda m’misewu amayamba uhule chifukwa choti amaona kuti ndi njira yokhayo yopezera chithandizo.

Nyuzipepala ya O Estado de S. Paulo inafotokoza kuti mtsikana angayambe uhule akamakhala ndi gulu la achifwamba. Pofuna kuti apeze chakudya, mwina mtsikanayo angathe kumaba zinthu ndipo nthaŵi zina mwa apo ndi apo angamachite uhule. Kenako, amadzasanduka hule weniweni.

Nthaŵi zina achinyamata amawatumiza ku mayiko ena kuti azikagwira ntchito ya uhule. Magazini ya UNESCO Sources inanena kuti: “Nthaŵi zambiri, ndalama zomwe mahule otumizidwa kunjawo amatumizira azibale awo ndi zambiri tikaganizira za umphaŵi womwe uli m’mayiko ena a ku Asia ndi Africa. M’mayiko ameneŵa uhule umakula chifukwa cha alendo a kumayiko olemera omwe amayenda m’mayikowo n’cholinga chokachita zachiwerewere ndi achinyamata ndiponso ana ang’onoang’ono.”

 Pofotokoza zinthu zoopsa zimene zimachitikira ana omwe ndi mahule ongoyendayenda m’misewu mu mzinda wina wa ku Latin-America, magazini ya Time inati: “Mahule ena otere ndi ana a zaka 12 zokha basi ndipo nthaŵi zambiri amakhala ochokera m’mabanja omwe anatha. Masana amagona paliponse pomwe apeza malo ndipo usiku amafunafuna munthu woti agone naye ku malo achisangalalo komwe kumapezeka anthu ogwira ntchito m’sitima za panyanja.”

Chifukwa choti mutu wake umakhala ukuyendera mankhwala ozunguza bongo, mwana yemwe ndi hule angachitidwe chipongwe chilichonse chomwe sangalole m’pang’ono pomwe atakhala kuti ali bwinobwino. Mwachitsanzo, magazini inayake yotchedwa Veja, inati apolisi  anapeza matepi a vidiyo okwana 92 osonyeza dokotala wina akuchitira nkhanza zochititsa mantha akazi oposa 50, ndipo ena mwa akaziwo anali ana aang’ono.

Ngakhale kuti pakuchitika zinthu zonyansa zoterezi, mtsikana wina yemwe ndi hule ananena kuti: “Nditati ndipeze ntchito, sindingamalandire ndalama zokwanira kugula chakudya chifukwa choti sindidziŵa ntchito iliyonse. Azibale anga amadziŵa zonse zomwe ndikuchita, ndipo sindikufuna kusiya. Ndi thupi langa, ndipo ndikuligwiritsira ntchito mmene ndikufunira.”

Komatu sikuti atsikana ameneŵa ankachita kufuna kuti adzagwire ntchito ya uhule. Malinga ndi zomwe ananena mayi wina wogwira ntchito yothandiza anthu, ana ambiri omwe ndi mahule “amafuna kukwatiwa” ndipo amalakalaka atakwatiwa ndi kamnyamata kodolola kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti pali zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zovuta kumvetsa zimene zimawachititsa kuti ayambe uhule, wofufuza wina anati: “Chodandaulitsa kwambiri n’chakuti ambiri ankagwiriridwa anthu a m’nyumba mwawo momwe.”

Kodi Uhule wa Ana Udzatha?

Ana omwe akuzunzikaŵa asataye mtima. Mahule a misinkhu yosiyanasiyana asintha miyoyo yawo. (Onani bokosi lakuti “Anthu Amasintha,” patsamba 7.) Mawu a Mulungu, Baibulo, athandiza anthu ambirimbiri padziko lonse kuti akhale anthu abwino ndiponso okhulupirika m’mabanja mwawo. Pankhani ya anthu omwe kale anali adama, achigololo, osirira, oledzera, timaŵerenga kuti: “Ena a inu munali otere; koma munasambitsidwa, koma munayeretsedwa, koma munayesedwa olungama, m’dzina la Ambuye Yesu Kristu, ndi mwa Mzimu wa Mulungu wathu.”—1 Akorinto 6:9-11.

Masiku anonso monga momwe zinalili m’nthaŵi za m’Baibulo, pali anthu omwe akusintha zochita zawo, zinthu n’kumawayendera bwino. Komabe, pali zambiri zofunika kuti kuzunza anthu pochita nawo zachiwerewere kutheretu. Maboma ndiponso mabungwe ena akuyesetsa kuletsa alendo ofuna mahule ndiponso uhule wa ana. Koma kunena zoona, n’zovuta kuti anthu athetse mavuto osiyanasiyana ndiponso umphaŵi. Anthu opanga malamulo sangalepheretse malingaliro omwe amalimbikitsa kuchita zachiwerewere.

Komabe, chimene chidzathetse mavuto onseŵa, si anthu ayi koma Ufumu wa Mulungu. Nkhani yotsatirayi ifotokoza zimenezi.

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 6]

Nthaŵi zambiri uhule wa ana umakula chifukwa cha umphaŵi

[Bokosi patsamba 6]

Malipiro Owawa

Daisy anagwiriridwa ndi mchimwene wake ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi basi. Motero anayamba kukhala ndi mchimwene wake wamkulu mpaka pamene anayamba kugwira ntchito m’bala atakwanitsa zaka 14. Daisy anadwala patangotha masiku angapo. Atachira, eni balayo anamuuza kuti ali nawo ngongole, n’kumukakamiza kuti ayambe uhule. Panatha pafupifupi chaka chimodzi Daisy asanamalize kubweza ngongoleyo, ndipo zinali zokayikitsa kuti adzakwanitsa kuibweza. Komano, mkulu wina wogwira ntchito m’sitima za pamadzi anam’malizira ngongoleyo, n’kupita naye ku mzinda wina komwe ankakakhala naye ngati kapolo. Ndiye anam’thaŵa, ndipo kenako anakakhalanso ndi mwamuna wina kwa zaka zitatu, ndiyeno n’kukwatirana naye. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mavuto a m’banja, anafunapo kudzipha maulendo atatu.

Kenako iye ndi mwamuna wake anayamba kuphunzira Baibulo. Komabe, Daisy ankadziona kuti ndi wosayenerera kukhala wa Mboni za Yehova. Atamuonetsa m’Baibulo kuti anthu omwe asintha Yehova Mulungu amawayanja, iye anadzipereka kwa Yehova. Daisy ankayesetsa kuchita zinthu zabwino, koma sankakhutira nazo motero nthaŵi zina zinkam’vutitsa maganizo. Komabe, n’zosangalatsa kuti analola kuthandizidwa kuti akhazikitse mtima m’malo n’kuiwalako zakuti ankagwiriridwa ndiponso anali hule ali mwana.

[Bokosi patsamba 7]

Anthu Amasintha

Yesu Kristu ali padziko lapansi pano, iye anamva chisoni ndi anthu ovutika omwenso anali ochimwa. Ankadziŵa kuti mahule, kaya akhale a msinkhu wotani, angathe kusintha khalidwe lawo. Yesu anafika mpaka pouza atsogoleri achipembedzo kuti: “Indetu ndinena kwa inu, kuti amisonkho ndi akazi achiwerewere amatsogolera inu, kuloŵa mu Ufumu wa Kumwamba.” (Mateyu 21:31) Ngakhale kuti ankanyozedwa chifukwa cha khalidwe lawo, anthu a mitima yabwino ameneŵa anakhululukidwa chifukwa chokhulupirira Mwana wa Mulungu. Ochimwa omwe analapa analolera kusiya uhule pofuna kuti alandire madalitso a Ufumu wa Mulungu. Atatero, anayamba kutsatira miyezo yolungama ya Mulungu. Masiku anonso, anthu a mitundu yonse akulandira choonadi cha Mawu a Mulungu n’kusintha miyoyo yawo.

Taonani zomwe zinachitika kwa Maria, Carina, ndi Estela, omwe tawatchula m’nkhani yoyamba ija. Maria anakana kuumirizidwa ndi mayi ake kuti apitirize uhule komanso anachita khama kwambiri kuti asiye kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ozunguza bongo. Iye anafotokoza kuti: “Ndinkagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ozunguza bongo pofuna kuti ndisamadzione ngati munthu wachabechabe chifukwa chokhala hule.” Maria anafotokoza mmene mpingo wachikristu wa Mboni za Yehova unam’landirira, kuti: “Chikondi cha anthu a mu mpingowu chinandifika pamtima kwambiri. Anthu onse, ana ndiponso akuluakulu, ankandipatsa ulemu. Ndinaona kuti amuna okwatira anali okhulupirika kwa akazi awo. Ndili ndi chimwemwe chodzaza tsaya chifukwa choti anandilandira monga mnzawo.”

Mboni za Yehova zinakamuchezera Carina pamene anali ndi zaka 17. Iye anayamba kuphunzira Baibulo, ngakhale kuti kwakanthaŵi ndithu anapitiriza ntchito yake yauhule. Pang’ono ndi pang’ono, anayamba kumvetsa choonadi cha Baibulo. Motero anaganiza zosamukira ku mzinda wina wakutali kwambiri, ndipo anakakhala wa Mboni za Yehova.

Estela, amene adakali mwana anachitapo zauhule, zoloŵerera, ndiponso zauchidakwa, anayamba kuphunzira Baibulo. Komabe, ankaganiza kuti Mulungu sangam’khululukire ngakhale pang’ono. Koma patapita nthaŵi, anayamba kuzindikira kuti Yehova Mulungu amakhululukira anthu omwe alapa. Estela tsopano ali mu mpingo wachikristu, ali pabanja, ndipo ali ndi ana atatu. Iye anati: “Ndimasangalala kwambiri ndipo ndimathokoza Yehova chifukwa chondichotsa m’matope n’kundiloŵetsa m’gulu lake loyera.”

Nkhani zimenezi zikuchitira umboni mfundo ya m’Baibulo yakuti cholinga cha Mulungu n’chakuti “anthu onse apulumuke, nafike pozindikira choonadi.”—1 Timoteo 2:4.

[Chithunzi patsamba 7]

Ana omwe ndi mahule nthaŵi zambiri amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ozunguza bongo

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 5]

© Jan Banning/Panos Pictures, 1997