Kodi Nkhalango Zachilengedwe za M’madera Otentha Zingatheke Kutetezedwa?

YOLEMBEDWA NDI WOLEMBA GALAMUKANI! KU BOLIVIA

RAMIRO ali ndi chigwa chimene chili ndi nkhalango yachilengedwe yomwe nthaŵi zina imakutidwa ndi mitambo. * Chigwachi chili m’munsi mwa mapiri a ku South America otchedwa Andes ndipo ndi chimodzi mwa zigwa zochepa chabe m’chigawochi zimene kudakali mitengo yakalekale. Kwina konse m’chigawochi kuli mapiri opanda nkhalango iliyonse. Asayansi amachoka kutali kudzafufuza zachilengedwe zimene zili m’nkhalango imeneyi, ndipo apezamo zachilengedwe zingapo zimene zinali zosadziŵika m’mbuyomu. Ramiro amafunitsitsa kwambiri kuteteza zachilengedwe. Iye anati: “Sindilola anthu kudula mitengo m’nkhalango yanga.”

Ndiye pali Roberto, amene amayang’anira nkhalango ina yachilengedwe ya m’dera lotentha yomwe njaikulu maekala pafupifupi 1,384,000 ndipo ili m’dera la m’mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Amazon. Roberto anachita kupitira kusukulu kukaphunzira zosamalira nkhalango ndipo mitengo ya matabwa ya m’nkhalangoyo imagulitsidwa ku mayiko osiyanasiyana. Koma amafunanso kwambiri kuteteza nkhalango zimenezi ndiponso zinyama zake. Iye anati: “Timatha kudula mitengo ya matabwa m’nkhalango zimenezi popanda kusakaziratu zinyama ndi zomera zina.”

Inde, Ramiro ndi Roberto amachita zinthu zosiyana koma onseŵa amaganizira kwambiri za tsogolo la nkhalango zachilengedwe za m’madera otentha. Ndipotu si okhaŵa amene amatero. Masiku ano khalidwe lowononga nkhalango zimenezi lakula modetsa nkhaŵa.

Mwinatu mungati anthu amangokokomeza akamanena za kuipa kowononga nkhalango. Mungamati, zinthu zidakali bwinobwino m’madera osatentha kwenikweni ngakhale kuti nkhalango zonse zachilengedwe anazidula kalekale, makamaka poswa mphanje. Ndiye tiderenji nkhaŵa ngati anthu a m’madera otentha akufunanso kuchita chimodzimodzi? Ayi ndithu, pali kusiyana kwakukulu. Mwachitsanzo, nthaŵi zambiri nkhalango zachilengedwe za m’madera otentha zimamera m’malo opanda chonde, amene simungachitepo zaulimi. Chinanso n’chakuti anthu angavutike kwambiri nkhalango zimenezi zitatha chifukwatu muli mitundu yambiri ya zinthu zachilengedwe.

Kuipa Kodula Mitengo

Zachilengedwe zimene zili m’nkhalango za m’madera otentha n’zoposa theka la zachilengedwe zonse za padziko pano. Kuli apusi, nyama zangati akambuku ndiponso ndere zosaonekaoneka komanso tizomera tina. Kulinso njoka, achule, agulugufe osaonekaoneka ndiponso mbalame za mtundu wa chinkhwe. Tingoti kuli zachilengedwe zosati n’kuziŵerengetsera zonse bwinobwino.

Zamoyo zosiyanasiyana zimapezeka m’nkhalango zotere za mitundu yosiyanasiyananso. Pali nkhalango za m’mapiri zosaŵirira kwenikweni, zoŵirira kwambiri, nkhalango zomwe m’miyezi ina mvula imadulako, ndiponso nkhalango za mitengo yosathithikana kwambiri. Komatu anthu ambiri, sanayambe afikako ku nkhalango zachilengedwe zotere. Mwina inunso muli m’gulu lomwelo. Nangano n’chifukwa chiyani nkhani ya kusamala nkhalango zimenezi ikukukhudzani?

Nkhaniyi ikukukhudzani chifukwa chakuti m’njira inayake, mbewu zambiri zimene mumalima kuti muzidya ndiponso kuti muzigulitsa, zimadalira mbewu za m’tchire za  mtundu womwewo zomwe zimapezeka m’nkhalangozi. Nthaŵi zambiri mbewu za m’tchirezi n’zimene amapangira mitundu yatsopano ya mbewu zopirira matenda ndi tizilombo. Motero mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu za m’tchire njofunika kwambiri.

Komanso, nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi ofufuza amapeza zinthu zina zofunikira m’nkhalango zimenezi. Mwachitsanzo mankhwala ambiri amene tikugwiritsira ntchito panopa anachokera m’zomera za m’nkhalangozi. N’chifukwa chake nthaŵi zambiri anthu amati zachilengedwe za m’nkhalangozi zili ngati nyumba yosungiramo mabuku imene muli mabuku ambiri omwe sanatsegulidwepo n’komwe.

Muli Zachilengedwe Zodalirana Kwambiri

M’nkhalango zachinyontho zimenezi muli zachilengedwe zodalira kwambiri pa zinzake ndipo kudalirana kwake n’kovuta kukufotokoza. Mitundu ya zachilengedwe za m’nkhalangozi yochuluka kwadzaoneni imadalirana kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, zomera zambiri sizingaberekane kapena kufalitsa njere zawo popanda mbalame zinazake, tizilombo tinatake, kapena zinyama zinazake. M’njira yovuta kwambiri kuifotokoza, nkhalangozi zimagwiritsiranso ntchito cholengedwa chilichonse chimene chafa, kaya zomera, zinyama, kapena tizilombo tooneka ndiponso tosaoneka ndi maso paokha. Komano kudabwitsa kwake n’kwakuti zachilengedwe zonsezi zimapezeka m’dera la nthaka yopanda chonde. Motero zachilengedwezi zitangosokonezedwa, m’povuta kwambiri kuti nkhalangoyi ibwererenso mwakale.

Anthu ambiri amadalira nkhalango zomwezi pamoyo wawo. Asayansi amachitirako kafukufuku wawo, komanso zimabweretsa ndalama chifukwa alendo amakopeka nazo, zimakhala ndi mitengo ya matabwa, mtedza wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, uchi, ndiwo za mtchire, mitengo yopangira zinthu zamphira, ndiponso utomoni wopangira mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Koma nkhalango zambiri za m’madera otenthazi zikutha modetsa nkhaŵa. Anthu sagwirizana chimodzi pa za kukula kwa nkhalango zimene zikuthazo. Komano mfundo yakuti nkhalangozi zikutha mofulumira njosatsutsika ayi.

Chomvetsa chisoni kwambiri pa kutha kwa zachilengedweku n’chakuti nthaŵi zambiri nkhalango zotere amaziwononga m’njira zosapindulitsa kwenikweni. Nkhalango zambiri zoterezi amazidula n’kumadyetserapo ng’ombe. Koma akatero, nthaŵi zambiri nthaka yake imasiya msanga kumerera zakudya za ng’ombezo motero malowo amadzangowasiya. M’chigawo cha Amazonia ku Brazil, malo opitirira maekala 40,770,000 anasiyidwa m’njira imeneyi.

Kodi pali nkhani yabwino yokhudza tsogolo la nkhalangozi komanso zamoyo zake? Ramiro, Roberto, ndiponso anthu ena ambirimbiri oganiza ngati iwoŵa akuyesetsa kuteteza nkhalango zimenezi poopa kuti zingawonongeke ndi malonda a padziko lonse, kuchulukana kwa anthu, malonda ogulitsa zinyama za m’nkhalangozi kwa anthu ofuna kuziŵeta, kupha nyama ndiponso kudula mitengo mosaloledwa. Koma kodi chatsitsa dzaye kuti pakhale vuto lowononga nkhalango n’chiyani? Kodi n’zotheka kutengamo zinthu zosiyanasiyana m’nkhalango zimenezi popanda kuwononga nkhalangozo?

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 19]

Zamoyo zambiri padziko pano komanso zomera zambiri, zimapezeka m’nkhalango zachilengedwezi

[Zithunzi pamasamba 20, 21]

Anthu amatha kuwononga nkhalangozi podulamo mitengo ndiponso kulambula misewu