Kodi Nkhalangozi Angaziteteze Ndani?

ALIYENSE wofuna kuthandizapo pa mavuto okhudza nkhalango za m’madera otenthazi, choyamba ayenera kulimbana ndi zinthu zimene zimayambitsa mavutowo. Kodi zinthu zake n’ziti? Makamaka si kuchuluka kwa anthu ayi. Chifukwatu anthu onse padziko pano angathe kupeza chakudya chokwanira, chinanso n’kuchita kutsala, polima m’madera a chonde okha padziko lonse.

Ndipotu mayiko ena akuda nkhaŵa poona kuti alimi ena akumapeza zakudya zochuluka kwabasi moti pokagulitsa zikumatsika mtengo kwambiri. Choncho mayiko ena akumauza alimi kuti minda yawo angoyisandutsa malo ongomangapo misasa, kaya malo ochitirako maseŵera a gofu, kapena malo osungirako zinyama zakutchire.

Nangano n’chiyani chikuthetsa nkhalango padziko pano? Takambiranapo kale zifukwa zina koma tsopano tiyeni tione chatsitsa dzaye kuti njovu ithyoke mnyanga.

Chimene Makamaka Chikuthetsa Nkhalangozi

Kalekale, anthu asanachulukane chonchi, maboma ambiri anadula mosakaza mitengo ya m’nkhalangozi n’kupita nayo kwawo pofuna ulamuliro ndiponso chuma. Mwachitsanzo, pofuna matabwa opangira sitima za pamadzi, Ufumu wa Britain unamaliza mitengo yonse ya miŵaŵa ya m’dziko la Britain n’kukaloŵerera nkhalango za mitengo yamatabwa m’mayiko a Burma ndi Thailand. Ufumuwu unadulanso nkhalango za ku India pofuna nkhuni zosulira zitsulo m’mafakitale. Nkhalango zina anazidula popanga minda ya mitengo yotulutsa utomoni wopangira zinthu zamphira, minda ya khofi, ndiponso ya koko.

Koma nkhondo yachiŵiri ya padziko lonse itatha, nkhalango zinadulidwa kwambiri chifukwa anthu anali ndi makina odulira mitengo ndiponso zimagalimoto monga zokonzera misewu. Moti nkhalango zambiri zosachedwa kuwonongeka zinasakazidwa pofuna ndalama.

Makampani akuluakulu anagula malo aakulu achonde ndipo pokolola mbewu zokagulitsa anagwiritsira ntchito makina osiyanasiyana. Ndiye anthu ambiri a kumidzi amene anachotsedwa ntchito m’mafamuwo anasamukira m’tauni. Koma ena anakopeka kupita ku nkhalango zachilengedwe. Nthaŵi zina a boma ankakopa anthu kuti asamukire ku nkhalangozi ponena kuti nkhalangozo ndi “malo amene akungokhala kudikirira anthu osoŵa malo.” Mmene anthu ankazindikira kuti maloŵa ngovuta kulimapo n’kuti zinthu zitaipa kale, nkhalango yaikulu itawonongedwa.

Katangale wochitidwa ndi anthu amaudindo akuluakulu wawonongetsanso nkhalango zambiri zotere. Kupeza chilolezo chodula nkhalango kumafuna ndalama zambiri. Koma chifukwa chopatsidwa kangachepe,  anthu ena amaudindo akuluakulu akhala akupatsa makampani chilolezo chodula mitengo kwa nthaŵi yochepa. Ndiye makampaniŵa amangoseseratu mitengoyo osaganizira n’komwe zoteteza nkhalango.

Komabe, m’nkhalangozi, chinthu chowononga kwambiri zinyama si kudula mitengo yokagulitsa ayi koma ndi kuswa mphanje. Ngati nthakayo ilidi yachonde mwina kuswa mphanje si kulakwa ayi. Koma nthaŵi zambiri, anthu amaudindo awo amene ali akatangale ndiponso osadziŵa bwino ntchito akhala akupatsa alimi chilolezo choswa mphanje m’nkhalango zimene sizitheka kubwerera mwakale zikangowonongeka.

Nawonso anthu oswa malamulo amawononga nkhalango. Anthu ena otere amapita mozemba m’nkhalango n’kukadulamo mitengo yofunika kwambiri, ngakhale mutakhala m’nkhalango yosungira zinyama. Nthaŵi zina amadulamo mitengo n’kuchekera momwemo matabwa, ndipo zimenezi zimawononga mitengo kwambiri komanso n’zoletsedwa. Anthu a m’midzi ya m’deralo amawapatsa ndalama kuti awanyamulire panjinga matabwawo kapena kuti angowasenzera. Ndiyeno pozemba kuti asagwidwe, matabwawo amawatenga pagalimoto zawo usiku n’kudutsa nawo m’misewu ya zii ya m’mapiri.

Choncho sikuti anthu akachulukana ndiye kuti basi nkhalango ndi zinyama zitha. Koma nthaŵi zambiri zimatha chifukwa cha kusasamala, umbombo pa za malonda, kuswa malamulo, ndiponso katangale wa anthu amaudindo akuluakulu. Ndiye mmene zinthu zililimu, kodi pali nkhani yabwino yotani pa zoteteza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo zimene zili m’nkhalango zachilengedwe za m’madera otentha?

Kodi Pali Nkhani Yabwino Yotani?

Buku lakuti The Cutting Edge: Conserving Wildlife in Logged Tropical Forest linati “ndi nkhalango zochepa chabe padziko pano zimene zikusamalidwa bwinobwino.” Bukuli linatinso: “Pakali pano, pali nkhalango zochepa kwambiri (ngati zilipo n’komwe) zimene zikusamalidwadi bwinobwino.” N’zothekadi kusamalira nkhalango bwinobwino, komano padziko lonse chikuchitika n’chakuti nkhalango zikutha.

Akuti dziko limene likuyesetsa kwambiri kusamalira nkhalango ndi la Bolivia, ndipo mbali yaikulu ndithu ya nkhalango zake zachilengedwe zimasamalidwa bwino. Koma padziko lonse n’zogwetsa ulesi kuona kuti ndi mbali yochepa kwambiri ya nkhalango za m’madera otentha imene ikusamalidwa bwino. Nkhalango zambiri zotere zikungosakazidwa. Chimene chikuthetsa nkhalangozi makamaka n’kusaganizira ena komanso umbombo. Kodi n’chinthu chanzeru kuganiza kuti a malonda ndiponso a ndale a padziko pano angathetse vutoli n’kuyamba kuteteza nkhalango zathu zamtengo wapatalizi pamodzi ndi zinyama zake?

Buku lakuti Forests of Hope linamaliza ndi mfundo yolangiza anthu kuti ayenera “kusintha khalidwe n’kuyamba kuchita zinthu zopindulitsa aliyense padzikoli, zomwenso sizingawononge dzikoli ndiponso zinthu zake.” Zimenezi n’zolinga zabwino kwambiri, koma kodi n’zothekadi?

Kodi Mlengi wathu ankafuna kuti dzikoli ndiponso anthu akhale motani? Iye anauza banja loyamba la anthu kuti: “Mudzaze dziko lapansi, muligonjetse: mulamulire pa nsomba za m’nyanja, ndi pa mbalame za m’mlengalenga, ndi pa zamoyo zonse zakukwawa pa dziko lapansi.” (Genesis 1:28) Motero Mulungu saletsa anthu kugwiritsira ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe. Komano mmene anati dzikoli “muligonjetse” sankatanthauza kuti tiliwononge.

Ndiyeno funso n’lakuti, Kodi anthu padziko lonse, angasinthedi khalidwe, n’kuyamba kuchita zinthu zoti “sizingawononge dzikoli ndiponso zinthu zake”? Mawu amenewo akusonyeza kuti m’pofunika kuti anthuwo azikonda kwambiri anansi awo ndi kulemekeza kwambiri chilengedwe cha Mulungu ndipo makhalidwe ameneŵa ngosoŵa masiku ano. Kuganiza kuti atsogoleri a masiku ano angadzakhaledi a khalidwe lotero n’kuyamba kulimbikitsa ena kuti akhalenso otero, kumeneko ndiye kuŵerengera madzi a mphutsi.

Koma Mawu a Mulungu amanena kuti mtsogolo muno dziko lidzadzala ndi anthu okondana ndiponso okonda Mlengi wawo. Baibulo limati: “Sizidzaipitsa, sizidzasakaza m’phiri langa lonse loyera, chifukwa kuti dziko lapansi lidzadzala ndi odziŵa Yehova, monga madzi adzaza nyanja.” (Yesaya 11:9; Salmo 37:29; Mateyu 5:5) Taonani kuti lembali likusonyeza kuti kudziŵa ndiponso kukonda Yehova, Mlengi Wamkulu, n’kumene kudzachititse anthu ake kusiya zinthu ‘zoipitsa’ kapena ‘zosakaza.’ N’zosakayikitsa ngakhale pang’ono kuti anthu otere azidzapeŵa kuchita zinthu zosakaza dziko.

Izitu si zongolakalaka chabe ayi. Ngakhale panopo, Yehova akusonkhanitsa anthu oona mtima n’kumawaphunzitsa. Pophunzira Mawu a Mulungu, anthu ambirimbiri padziko lonse aphunzira kukhala ndi chikondi chololera kuganizira kaye za ena. (Yohane 13:34; 1 Yohane 4:21) Magazini inoyo, komanso magazini inzake yotchedwa Nsanja ya Olonda, timaifalitsa n’cholinga chofuna kuthandiza anthu kuti adziŵe bwino za makhalidwe ameneŵa ndiponso kuti nawo akhale anthu otero. Pitirizani kuphunzira zoterezi chifukwa palibe maphunziro opindulitsa kuposa ameneŵa.

[Chithunzi patsamba 26]

Anthu azidzasamalira dziko lokongolali m’malo molisakaza