Mavuto Amene Alimi Amakumana Nawo

RICHARD amalima minda imene agogo awo a abambo ake anali kulima kalelo zaka pafupifupi 100 zapitazo. Komatu m’chaka cha 2001 mlimi wa ku Canada ameneyu anali woyamba m’banjalo kuti asakolole chilichonse. Mbewu zawo zinawonongeka ndi chilala. Mavutowo anakula kwambiri chifukwa chakuti m’zaka za m’mbuyo mwakemo mitengo yogulitsira mbewu inatsika pamene mitengo ya zinthu zofunika pa ulimi inakwera. Richard anadandaula kuti: “Mavuto akukulirakulira ndipo palibe njira yowathetsera.”

M’dera la Corn Belt ku United States, Larry anali ndi famu yomwe kubanja kwawo anakhala akulimamo kwa zaka 115. Iye anati: “Ndinkaona kuti unali udindo wanga kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyenda pa famuyo, ndiponso kuti tikupanga phindu . . . , koma sindinakwanitse.” Kenako famu ya Larry ndi mkazi wake inakhala ya anthu ena.

Komatu si Larry ndi Richard okha amene aona zoterezi. Ku Britain chigodola chomwe chinagwira ziŵeto zambirimbiri chinawonongetsa chuma chochuluka komanso chinapweteketsa mtima kwambiri alimi. Nkhani ina inanena kuti: “Tsiku lililonse pa mafamu a ku Britain, ngakhale pa mafamu amene sipanafike matendaŵa, anthu amakhala ankhaŵa, amadziona kuti ali okhaokha, ndiponso amangokhalira kunyengerera anthu amene alimiŵa anakongolako zinthu kuti adzabwere nthaŵi ina.” M’mayiko ena amene akukwera kumene, nkhondo, chilala, kuchulukana kwa anthu, ndi zifukwa zina zambirimbiri zachititsa ulimi kubwerera m’mbuyo. Maboma akukakamizika kugula chakudya ku mayiko akunja, chomwenso mabanja ambiri sakwanitsa kugula.

 Tingaonetu apa kuti mavuto a alimi amakhudza anthu ena m’madera ambiri. Komabe ngakhale n’choncho, mwa anthu amene amakhala m’tauni, ochepa chabe ndiwo amaganizapo kwambiri za mavuto a ulimiŵa. Zaka pafupifupi 50 zapitazo, pulezidenti wa ku United States dzina lake Dwight D. Eisenhower ananena molondola kuti: “Ulimi umaoneka wosavuta kwambiri ukakhala kuti umagwira ntchito mu ofesi, ndipo uli kutali zedi ndi munda wa chimangawo.” Lerolinonso alimi amaona kuti anthu ambiri sadziŵa zaulimi ngakhalenso kufunika kwa alimi. Mlimi wina wa ku Canada anadandaula kuti: “Tilibe nazo ntchito n’komwe kuti kaya chakudya chathu chimachokera kuti. Komatu tizidziŵa kuti chakudyachi asanachikute m’pepala n’kumachigulitsa m’sitolo, chimakhala choti chadutsa m’manja ambirimbiri ochikonza.”

Popeza kuti tonse timadalira ulimi, sitinganyalanyaze mavuto a alimi. Don A. Dillman ndi Daryl J. Hobbs, omwe ndi akatswiri a zachikhalidwe cha anthu, anachenjeza kuti: “M’dziko loti anthu timadalirana kwambirili, mavuto a anthu akumidzi sachedwa kukhala mavuto a anthu akutauni, ndipo mavuto a akutauni nawonso sachedwa kukhala a akumidzi. Anthu am’tauni kapena akumidzi sangasangalale kwa nthaŵi yaitali pamene anzawo a mbali inayo akuvutika.” Ndiponso, chifukwa chakuti anthu lerolino akungokhala ngati ali m’mudzi umodzi padziko lonse, kusintha kwa zachuma m’dziko limodzi kungakhudze kwambiri malonda a zokolola limodzinso ndi mitengo ya zinthu zina m’mayiko ena.

Ndiyetu m’posadabwitsa kuti bungwe la New York Center for Agricultural Medicine and Health linati: “Ulimi ndi imodzi mwa ntchito 10 zimene zimaika anthu pampanipani kwambiri ku United States.” Kodi ndi zinthu zina ziti zimene zikuchititsa mavuto a zaulimi? Kodi alimi angathandizike motani? Kodi pali chifukwa chilichonse chokhulupirira kuti mavutoŵa angathetsedwe?

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 4]

“Ulimi umaoneka wosavuta kwambiri ukakhala kuti umagwira ntchito mu ofesi, ndipo uli kutali zedi ndi munda wa chimangawo”