Takaonani Msika wa Nsomba Waukulu Kwambiri Padziko Lonse

YOLEMBEDWA NDI WOLEMBA GALAMUKANI! KU JAPAN

KODI mumakonda msika umene anthu amangokhala ali pikitipikiti? Msika wina wotere umene ungakuchititseni chidwi ndipo umakopadi alendo odzaona malo ochokera mbali zonse za dziko lapansi ndi msika wa Tsukiji, msika wa nsomba womwe uli pa mtunda woyenda mphindi zochepa kuchokera pakati penipeni pa mzinda wa Tokyo. Msikawu ndi msika wa nsomba waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse.

Nthaŵi yabwino kupita kumsika umenewu ndi cha kum’bandakucha. Pamene m’madera ena onse a mzinda wa Tokyo anthu amakhala akugonabe, kumsikawu anthu amakhala atayamba kale pikitipikiti. Magalimoto amabweretsa matani a nsomba okwana 2,000 patsiku, ndipo amafunika kutsitsa nsomba zonsezi kunja kusanache chifukwa pofika 3 koloko m’maŵa, ogula amayamba kufika. Ogulitsawo amayala mofulumira makatoni awo a nsomba, ndipo pamakatoniwo amalemba nambala, kulemera kwa nsomba zimene zili m’makatoniwo, ndi malo amene anakapha nsombazo. N’zosavuta kuzindikira anthu ogula. Amavala nsapato za jombo ndi zipewa zimene zimakhala ndi nambala ya laisensi yawo. Mosiyana ndi alendo oona malo amene amayenda pang’onopang’ono, ogula nsombawo amapita uku ndi uku mofulumira akuona ngati nsombazo zili  zabwino ndi kuganizira mtengo umene angapereke kuti atenge nsombazo. Ogula nsomba yotchedwa tuna amatenga chokolera, tochi, ndi thaulo. Zida zawozi n’zofunika kwambiri poona ngati nsomba yaikulu kwambiri imeneyi ili bwino, ndipo thaulolo amapukutira m’manja akagwira nsombayo.

Pofika 5:30 m’maŵa, pamsikawu pamakhala phokoso lokhalokha. Ogulitsa amaliza mabelu a m’manja mumsika wonsewo pouza ogula kuti ayambe kutchula ndalama zimene apereke kuti atenge nsombazo. Ogulitsawo amaoneka ngati ali ponseponse. Koma zoona zake n’zakuti pali a chipiku asanu ndi aŵiri amene amapikulitsa nsombazo pa nthaŵi yofanana, ngakhale kuti a chipiku ena ali ndi ogulitsa aŵiri kapena kuposa pamenepo amene amagulitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana panthaŵi imodzi. Ogulitsa onsewo amafuula mosiyanasiyana ponena kuchuluka kwa nsombazo, ndipo ogula ovomerezeka amalimbirana nsombazo ponena mitengo imene apereke, ndipo amatero mwa kugwedeza zala mosiyanasiyana. Kunena mtengoku kumachitika mofulumira kwambiri moti isanakwane mphindi ndi imodzi yomwe amakhala atadziŵa mtengo umene apereke. Ogula ena amayesa kugula nsomba kwa ogulitsa aŵiri panthaŵi imodzi. Munthu m’modzi yekha ndi amene amaloledwa pa sitolo iliyonse yogulitsa nsomba, motero ogulawo amafunika kupita zigawo zosiyanasiyana mofulumira kuti apeze nsomba zimene akufuna. Anthu amene amagula nsomba zambiri ndiponso za mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti akagulitse ku masitolo ena, ndi amene amaoneka otanganidwa kwambiri kuposa ena onse.

Ogulawo amati akadziŵa kuti apereka ndalama zingati, chimene chimatsala kwa iwo tsopano n’kuganizira zokafikitsa mofulumira nsomba zimene agulazo kumene akufuna kuzipititsa. Onyamula nsombazo amene amagwiritsa ntchito ngolo yokankha ndi manja ndiponso magalimoto aang’onoang’ono amayenda mofulumira m’misewu yaing’ono n’kumanyamula nsombazo. Paliponse pamakhala pakumveka phokoso lochita kugonthetsa m’khutu. Kwa munthu wongoonerera zimene zikuchitikazo angaone ngati pali chisokonezo chokhachokha. Komatu, pochita zonsezo amakhala akudziŵa chimene akuchita. M’maola ochepa chabe, nsomba zoposa matani 1,000, zimakhala zitagulitsidwa ndipo ogulawo amakhala atazitenga kupita nazo kumene akufuna. Nsomba zina amapita nazo ku masitolo ang’onoang’ono amene ali mbali ina ya msikawo ndipo amazigulitsa nthaŵi ya m’maŵa mpaka dzuŵa litakwera kwa anthu ambirimbiri amene amazifuna.

Monga mmene mungaonere, msika wa Tsukiji ndi waukulu kwambiri. Makampani aakulu achipiku asanu ndi aŵiri amene amagulitsa nsombazo ndiponso amalonda ena aang’onopo oposa 1,000 analembetsa ku boma kuti azichita malonda awo mumsikawu. Amakhala otanganidwa chaka chonse kugulitsa nsomba kwa makasitomala osachepera 40,000 amene amafika kudzagula nsomba pa msikawu tsiku lililonse.

Kodi makasitomalawo amakhala ndani? Ena mwa iwo ndi anthu amene amagula nsomba zambiri zoti apititse ku mahotela aakuluakulu, ku malesitiranti, ndi kumasitolo aakuluakulu. Ndiyenso pamakhala anthu amene ali  ndi masitolo aang’onopo ogulitsa zakudya, anthu ogulitsa m’misika ya nsomba m’deralo, ndiponso osaiwala anthu amene ali ndi masitolo aang’ono koma oyenda malonda omwe amagulitsa chakudya chotchedwa sushi. Makasitomala onseŵa amalimbirana kuti apeze nsomba zabwino kwambiri. Anthu akuyerekezera kuti onse pamodzi amagula nsomba zokwana matani 600,000 pachaka, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zokwana madola 5 biliyoni pogula nsombazi.

Komabe, msika wa Tsukiji si wa nsomba zokha. Ndi msika wa chipiku umene amagulitsakonso zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Msikawu ndi umodzi mwa misika 11 yaikulu kwambiri yogulitsa zinthu pa chipiku ya mu mzinda wa Tokyo imene imayang’aniridwa ndi khonsolo ya mzinda wa Tokyo. Mbiri ya misika yogulitsa zakudya zaziŵisi inayambira m’chaka cha 1603. Pofuna kuti misikayi izikhala yaukhondo komanso yabwino, boma linayamba kumaiyang’anira kuyambira mu 1877. Chivomezi chimene chinachitika ku Tokyo mu 1923 chinawononga misika ya mumzindawu, zimene zinachititsa kuti msika wa Tsukiji umene ulipo pakalipanowu uyambike, ndipo unayamba kugwira ntchito mu 1935.

Kuyambira nthaŵi imeneyo, msikawu wakula kwambiri. Kulibenso kwina padziko lapansili kumene mungapeze nsomba zambiri ndiponso za mitundu yosiyanasiyana zikugulitsidwa motere. Anthu amayerekezera kuti kumsikawu kumagulitsidwa nsomba za mitundu yoposa 450 zochokera padziko lonse, ndipo zina mwa izo ndi nsomba zotchedwa salmon, cod, sea bream, mackerel, sole, ndi herring pamodzinso ndi sea urchin, sea cucumber, ndi shellfish. Masitolo ena aang’ono a mumsikawu amagulitsa nsomba za mtundu umodzi basi, monga octopus kapena shrimp.

Koma pali nsomba ina yomwe imaposa nsomba zina zonse. Imeneyi ndi nsomba yotchedwa tuna, imene imafika pa msikawu pa ndege kuchokera ku madera akutali monga ku Nyanja ya Mediterranean ndi ku North America. Palibe nsomba ina iliyonse imene ingafanane ndi nsomba imeneyi kukula kwake kapena mtengo wake. Nsomba imodzi yaikulu ya tuna ingagulidwe pa mtengo wa madola masauzande angapo. Nsomba za tuna mazanamazana zaziŵisi kapena zoŵamba zimagulitsidwa mumsikawu tsiku lililonse. Ogulawo amaiduladula nsombayi n’zigawo zimene amalonda a m’dzikoli angathe kugula. Mbali yabwino kwambiri ya mafuta imene amaitcha toro imene imakhala cha m’nthiti mwake ndiyo imene amatha kudzaigwiritsa ntchito pokonza chakudya chotchedwa sushi.

Si zodabwitsa kuti msika wa nsomba waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse ukhale ku Japan. Zili choncho chifukwa chakuti dzikoli ndi lozunguliridwa ndi nyanja ina yaikulu kwambiri komanso nyanja zina zitatu zocheperapo, ndipo anthu a ku Japan anaphunzira kukonda nsomba ndi zamoyo zina zodyedwa za m’nyanja kuyambira kalekale. Nthaŵi zambiri pa chakudya chabwino kwambiri cha ku Japan sipalephera nsomba. Chaka chilichonse, kwa anthu ambiri ku Japan, munthu amadya yekha nsomba zokwana makilogalamu 70, ndipo zambiri mwa nsomba zimenezi zimachokera ku msika wa Tsukiji. Motero, ngati mungadzapite ku mzinda wa Tokyo, bwanji osatsagana ndi alendo oona malo ambirimbiri amene amapita kukaona msika wa nsomba waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse?

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Zithunzi za nsomba: Kuchokera m’buku lakuti L’Art Pour Tous, Encyclopedie de l’Art Industriel et Decoratif, Vol. 31, 1861-1906

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James L. Stanfield/NGS Image Collection

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© Jeff Rotman/www.JeffRotman.com

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Mwachilolezo cha a Tokyo Metropolitan Central Wholesale Market