Kuyendera Mathithi Ochititsa Kaso

YOLEMBEDWA NDI WOLEMBA GALAMUKANI! KU ZAMBIA

POFIKA mu 1855, David Livingstone, mmishonale wa ku Scotland yemwe analinso woyendera malo, anali atatha zaka zambiri akuyenda mu Africa, kontinenti imene panthaŵiyo anthu ena padziko lapansi sanali kuidziŵa bwinobwino. Pamene anali kuyenda kuloŵera cha kum’maŵa kutsata mtsinje wa Zambezi womwe ndi waukulu, anthu a m’deralo anafotokoza mwamantha za mathithi aakulu kwambiri amene anali kutsogolo kwake. Chifukwa cha phokoso ndi nthunzi pa mathithiwo, anthuwo anatcha malowo “Mosi-oa-Tunya, kutanthauza kuti “Utsi Womveka Phokoso Ngati Bingu.”

Livingstone anaganiza zokawaonera pafupi mathithiwo, omwe masiku ano amatchedwa Victoria Falls. Pofotokoza ataona mathithiwo koyamba, iye analemba kuti: “Nditakwera mwamantha kukafika m’mbali mwa phompho, ndinaona phompho lalikulu limene linapangika kuchokera tsidya lina kufika tsidya lina la mtsinje waukulu wa Zambezi, ndipo ndinaona kuti mtsinje womwe m’mimba mwake munali mamita 1,000, unapanga mathithi aatali mamita 30 ndipo kenako unachepa m’mimba mwake n’kufika pa mamita oyambira pa 15 kufika 20.”

Masiku ano, mathithi a Victoria Falls amene mbali ina ali ku Zambia ndipo mbali ina ku Zimbabwe, anthu amawaona kuti ndi mathithi aakulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi madzi akafika posefukira. Panthaŵi zoterozo, pa mphindi iliyonse madzi ambiri okwana malita 545,000,000 amatsetsereka pa mtunda wa mamita 108 kuloŵa m’chiphompho chachikulu. Ndiyeno madzi a mumtsinje wa Zambeziwo amathamanga kudutsa m’chigwembe chakuya kwambiri chokhotakhota chomwe  m’mimba mwake ndi mwa mamita osakwana 65. Zinthu zapadera zimenezi zimachititsa kuti mathithi a Victoria Falls akhaledi ochititsa chidwi kuwaona.

Dera la m’mbali mwa mathithiwo ndi lokongolanso mochititsa kaso. Popeza malowo anawakhazikitsa kukhala malo osungirako zachilengedwe, kuli mitengo ndi zomera zina zosiyanasiyana zochititsa chidwi. Kulinso nyama zosangalatsa, monga mvuwu, njovu, nyamalikiti, nyumbu, mbidzi, ngakhalenso mikango. Mbalame zokongola monga za m’gulu la ziombankhanga ndi mtundu wina wa akabaŵi omwe ndi osoŵa kwambiri amakhala m’maphompho a miyalamiyala.

Livingstone anafotokoza kuti, “palibe chimene munthu anaona ku England chimene chingafanane kukongola kwake ndi zimenezi. Azungu anali asanaonepo zimenezi; koma angelo ayenera kuti anali kuona zinthu zosangalatsazi akamauluka.” Masiku ano, patapita zaka 150 kuchokera pamene Livingstone anaona koyamba malo ameneŵa ndi kuwatcha kuti mathithi a Victoria Falls polemekeza Mfumukazi Victoria ya ku England, anthu ambirimbiri chaka chilichonse amafika  kuchokera padziko lonse kukadzionera okha kukongola kwake.

Mathithi a Victoria Falls akuyenereradi kutchedwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zachilengedwe zodabwitsa kwambiri, monga mmene anthu amanenera. Koma mathithi ambiri omwe sakudziŵika kwambiri a m’mitsinje yaikulu yambiri ya ku Zambia ndi okongolanso mochititsa kaso. Tiyeni tione ena mwa mathithi ameneŵa.

Mathithi a Ngonye Falls

Tsiku lina kukutentha m’mwezi wa November, patatsala pafupifupi zaka ziŵiri kuti aone mathithi a Victoria Falls kwa nthaŵi yoyamba, Livingstone anafika pa mathithi a Ngonye Falls, omwe amatchedwanso kuti mathithi a Sioma. Iye analemba kuti: “Zilumba zimene zili pamwamba pa mathithiwo zili ndi masamba okongola kwambiri kuposa kwina kulikonse. Kuwaona mathithiŵa utaima pa mwala umene uli pamwamba pake, amaoneka okongola kwambiri kuposa mathithi ena alionse amene ndinaonapo.” Anthu amene amapita kukaona mathithi a Ngonye Falls masiku ano amavomereza ndi mtima wonse zimene Livingstone ananena.

Livingstone anati: “Kwa makilomita ambiri kupita kumunsi, mtsinjewo unachepa kwambiri m’mimba mwake, osafika mamita 100. Madziwo amathamanga mwamkokomo, ndipo amaoneka ngati madzi ambiri akungozungulira mobwerezabwereza, moti ngakhale katswiri wodziŵa kwambiri kusambira, zingamuvute kuti athe kukhalabe pamwamba pa madziwo.”

Mathithi a Lumangwe Falls

Mathithi ambiri a ku Zambia ali kutali kwambiri kwaokha ndipo ali mmene analengedwera. Mathithiŵa ndi osiyanasiyana kukula kwake. Mathithi a Lumangwe Falls amaoneka ngati mathithi a Victoria Falls aang’ono. Koma sikuti ndi mathithi aang’ono. Ndi aatali pafupifupi mamita 30 ndipo m’mimba mwake ndi mwamutali mamita 100. Nkhungu yochokera pa mathithiŵa imakwanitsa kuthirira nkhalango yaing’ono imene ili pafupi nawo.

Mathithi a Kalambo Falls

Mathithi a Kalambo Falls, omwe ndi aatali kwambiri kuposa ena alionse ku Zambia, amatsetsereka kuchokera pamwamba pa phiri kuloŵa m’chigwa chachikulu cha mu Africa muno. Mathithiŵa ndi aatali mamita oposa 200 ndipo amaloŵa m’chiphompho chakuya kwambiri, kumene adokowe osowa kwambiri amaswaniranako nthaŵi ya chilimwe.

Buku la National Monuments of Zambia, limati: “Mathithi a Kalambo Falls ndi mathithi achiŵiri aatali kwambiri mu Africa muno omwe ali monga mmene analengedwera [oyamba ndi mathithi a Tugela ku South Africa] ndipo ndi mathithi a khumi ndi chiŵiri pa kutalika padziko lonse. Ndi aatali mowirikiza kaŵiri kutalika kwa mathithi a Victoria Falls.”

Ngakhale kuti n’kovuta kufika ku mathithi ameneŵa, wolemba wina wa m’dzikolo, C. A. Quarmby anafotokoza kuti mathithi a Kalambo Falls ndi “amodzi mwa malo osaiŵalika mu Africa muno.” Iye analosera kuti: “Padzatenga nthaŵi yaitali kuti adzakhale malo ofika alendo nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi. . . . Anthu amwayi ochepa okha ndi amene amakafika ku Kalambo.”

Inde, mathithi ambiri a ku Zambia pamodzi ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe zochititsa chidwi zili kutali kwambiri. Buku la National Monuments of Zambia linanena kuti ena mwa ameneŵa “munthu angafikeko pokhapokha atayenda pa galimoto ya mtundu wa Land-rover m’dera lovuta kwambiri kuyendamo, ndipo malo ena munthu angafikeko ngati ayenda ulendo wapansi basi.” Inde, zimenezinso n’zimene zikuchititsa kuti malo ameneŵa akhale apadera. Komabe, alendo amaloledwa kukaona maloŵa. A Kagosi Mwamulowe, omwe ndi katswiri woona zosamalira zinthu zachilengedwe m’bungwe la ku Zambia lotchedwa National Heritage Conservation Commission, anafotokoza kuti cholinga chawo n’kuthandiza kuti anthu athe kuona malo ochititsa kaso ameneŵa komabe uku akuteteza kukongola kwake kwachilengedwe.

Chuma Chofunika Kwambiri cha ku Zambia

Wolemba mabuku wina, Richard Vaughan, analemba m’buku lake lakuti Zambia, kuti: “Dziko la Zambia likadali ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zokongola kwambiri, ndipo zambiri mwa izo n’zoti alendo ndiponso anthu a ku Zambia komweko sanazionepo. . . . Dzikoli lili ndi nyanja, mitsinje, nkhalango ndi mapiri osiyanasiyana kwambiri.” Koma chuma chofunika kwambiri cha ku Zambia si zinthu zimenezi.

Vaughan analemba kuti: “Anthu a m’dzikoli ndi achikondi ndiponso ansangala komanso opirira.” Wolemba wina, David Bristow anati “chinthu chochititsa chidwi koposa ku Zambia ndi anthu a m’dzikolo, omwe ndi aubwenzi kwambiri.” Ngati mungadzabwere ku dziko lokongola limeneli, tikukhulupirira kuti mudzavomereza zimenezi.

 [Mapu/Zithunzi patsamba 26]

(Onani m’magazini yeniyeni kuti mumvetse izi)

TANZANIA

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO

ANGOLA

ZAMBIA

Mathithi a KALAMBO FALLS

Mathithi a LUMANGWE FALLS

Lusaka

Mathithi a NGONYE FALLS

Mathithi a VICTORIA FALLS

ZIMBABWE

MOZAMBIQUE

NYANJA YA INDIAN OCEAN

[Zithunzi]

Mathithi a Lumangwe Falls—ngati mathithi a Victoria Falls aang’ono

Mathithi a Kalambo Falls—ndi aatali mowirikiza kaŵiri kutalika kwa mathithi a Victoria Falls

Mathithi a Ngonye Falls—“masiku ambiri mukhoza kungokhalako nokhanokha”

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Lumangwe and Ngonye Falls: Marek Patzer/www.zambiatourism.com; map: Mountain High Maps® Copyright © 1997 Digital Wisdom, Inc.

[Chithunzi pamasamba 24, 25]

Mathithi a Victoria Falls—“Utsi Womveka Phokoso Ngati Bingu”

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Marek Patzer/www.zambiatourism.com