Zinyama Ndi Mphatso Yochokera kwa Mulungu

KODI munapitapo ku malo osungira zinyama kapena malo ochitira zionetsero za nyama? Kodi munafuna kuyangatako kapena kusisita imodzi mwa nyama zokongola zimene munaona, kaya ndi mkango kapena nyalugwe wamkulu? Mwina munachita chidwi kwambiri kuona munthu wophunzitsa zinyama kapena wozisamalira akuchita zimenezo. Inde, zaka pafupifupi 2,000 zapitazo wolemba Baibulo wina ananena kuti: “Mtundu uli wonse wa nyama ndi wa mbalamenso, wa zokwawa, ndi wa zam’nyanja, zimazoloweretsedwa [“zimawetedwa,” NW], ndipo zazoloweretsedwa [zawetedwa] ndi anthu.”—Yakobo 3:7.

Nyama za mtundu uliwonse zimasangalala zikamasamalidwa mwachikondi ndiponso moziganizira. Zingakhaledi zosangalatsa kuona nyamazo zikuchita zinthu zina ndi anthu achikondi amene akuziweta. Wolemba mabuku wina wachiroma, Pliny, amene analemba cha panthaŵi imene wolemba Baibulo Yakobo analemba mawu ake, anati anthu ankaweta njovu, mikango, anyalugwe, ziombankhanga, ng’ona, njoka, ndiponso ngakhale nsomba.

Inde, kuweta nyama kunayamba kale kwambiri. Zaka zambirimbiri Yakobo ndi Pliny asanalembe mawu awo, Aigupto ankaweta nyama zakuthengo. Masiku ano nyama zambiri zimene mungazipeze ku malo osungirako zinyama zingapezekenso pa nyumba za anthu m’mayiko ena. *

Mmene Zinkakhalira ndi Anthu Pachiyambi

Baibulo, buku lomwe limasimba mbiri yakale kwambiri ya anthu, limanena kuti munthu woyamba, Adamu, anapatsa mayina zinyama. Limati: “Mayina omwe onse anazitcha Adamu zamoyo zonse, omwewo ndiwo mayina awo. Adamu ndipo anazitcha mayina zinyama zonse, ndi mbalame za m’mlengalenga ndi zamoyo zonse za m’thengo.” (Genesis 2:19, 20) Mwachionekere, Adamu anazidziŵa bwino kwambiri nyamazo kuti athe kuzipatsa mayina moyenerera. Koma sanafunike kudziteteza, ngakhale ku zinyama zakuthengo. Zinali kukhala naye mwamtendere, ndipo ayenera kuti anali kusangalala kwambiri kukhala nazo.

Mulungu anapereka udindo kwa Adamu ndi mkazi wake Hava wosamalira zinyamazo. Malinga ndi cholinga cha Mulungu chimene chafotokozedwa m’Baibulo, anthu anali oti “alamulire pa nsomba za m’nyanja, ndi pa mbalame za m’mlengalenga, ndi pa ng’ombe, ndi pa dziko lonse lapansi, ndi pa zokwawa zonse zakukwawa pa dziko lapansi.”—Genesis 1:26.

 Ubwenzi Wolimba Wokhalitsa

Anthu akamazilamulira bwino zinyama, zotsatira zake zingakhale zosangalatsa kwambiri. Nyama imene akuikonda angamaione ngati bwenzi lofunika zedi, ngakhalenso kuiona ngati munthu wa m’banjamo. Mfundo yoti zimenezi zinalidi choncho zaka zambirimbiri kalelo tikuiona m’nkhani ya m’Baibulo ya “kamwana kakakazi ka nkhosa” ka munthu wosauka. Mneneri Natani anauza Mfumu Davide za kamwana ka nkhosa pamene anafotokoza za munthu wosaukayo kuti: ‘Kanadyako [kamwana ka nkhosako] chakudya chake cha iye yekha, kanamwera m’chikho cha iye yekha, kanagona pa chifukato chake, ndipo kanali kwa iye ngati mwana wake wamkazi.’—2 Samueli 12:1-3.

Anthu ambiri masiku ano angamvetse mmene nyama ingakhalire bwenzi lokondedwa, monga mmene angakhalire munthu wa m’banja lawo. Tamvani za banja lina limene limakhala pafupi ndi mzinda wa Harare, likulu la dziko la Zimbabwe. Makolo a m’banjali anagulira mwana wawo aliyense galu woti akhale ngati bwenzi lake. Mwana wina wamwamuna, yemwe anali ndi zaka pafupifupi zisanu ndi zitatu panthaŵiyo, pamene anali kuyenda ndi galu wakeyo, njoka yaikulu kwambiri ya mamba inagwa mumtengo mwadzidzidzi patsogolo pake. Njoka ya mambayo inafuna kuluma mwanayo, koma galu uja anathamanga liŵiro la mtondo wadooka n’kulimbana ndi njokayo, ndipo anapulumutsa moyo wa mwanayo. Kodi mungaone mmene galuyo analili wamtengo wapatali ku banjali?

Agalu amene aphunzitsidwa kuthandiza anthu osamva ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa anthu oterowo. Mayi wina anati: “[Galu wanga] Twinkie akamva belu la pakhomo likulira, amabwera n’kudzandigunda mwendo ndipo amapita nane kukhomo la kumaso kwa nyumba yathu. Mofananamo, Twinkie akamva chitofu chophikira chimene timachitchera chikulira, amathamanga n’kudzandipeza, ndipo ndimamutsatira. Alamu yosonyeza kuti chinthu chikupsa itati yalira, Twinkie anaphunzitsidwa kuti azindidziŵitsa ndiyeno n’kugona pansi posonyeza kuti pangachitike china chake choopsa.”

Ubwenzi wothandiza kwambiri wa anthu osaona ndi agalu awo amene amawatsogolera ndi wapaderanso kwambiri. Michael Tucker, yemwe amaphunzitsa agalu olondolera anthu ndipo analemba buku lakuti The Eyes That Lead, amakhulupirira kuti galu wolondolera munthu angathandize kwambiri anthu osaona kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwinopo kuposa mmene analili kale, kuwathandiza kukhala ndi “ufulu, kudzidalira, kutha kuyendayenda, ndi kukhala ndi bwenzi.” Inde, zimasangalatsa kuona ubwenzi umene umakhalapo pakati pa agalu oterowo ndi ambuye awo.

Zimenezi zilinso chimodzimodzi ndi anthu omwe ndi olumala m’ njira zina ndipo ali ndi galu yemwe ali ngati bwenzi lawo. Mayi wina yemwe nthaŵi zonse amakhala pa njinga ya olumala, galu wake waphunzitsidwa kutenga telefoni ya mayiyo ndiponso kunyambita masitampa oika pakalata. Galu wina amatha kuchita zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokwana 120, ngakhale kutenga zitini ndi mapaketi a zinthu m’mashelefu a mu sitolo lalikulu. Mwini wa galuyo yemwe ndi wolumala amagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chonga cholembera chimene amaunika nacho zinthu zimene akufuna, ndiyeno galu wakeyo amakamutengera zinthuzo.

Ziweto zimathandizanso okalamba. Dokotala wina wa ziweto ananena kuti ziweto monga agalu,  “zimathandiza kuti okalamba aone kuti moyo wawo uli ndi cholinga ndipo ndi wofunika, panthaŵi imene anthu akuwasala.” Nyuzipepala ya The Toronto Star inati: “Nyama zomwe ndi mabwenzi a anthu zimathandiza kuti anthu asamakhale ndi nkhaŵa yaikulu, asamapitepite kukaonana ndi dokotala ndiponso ngakhale kukhala ndi mwayi wokulirapo wokhala ndi moyo akadwala matenda a mtima.”

Buku la The New Encyclopædia Britannica linanena mawu ochititsa chidwi akuti: “Kusamalira ziweto kumapereka mpata wophunzitsa ana kuti kukhala ndi udindo winawake kumadalira ngati munthuyo angathe kukwaniritsa udindowo, ndiponso kuwaphunzitsa zinthu zina zokhudza kugonana. Posakhalitsa, anawo amaona kuti ziweto zimakwerana, kenako pamatsatira zinthu monga kukhala ndi bere, ndiponso mavuto osiyanasiyana amene amakhalapo panthaŵi yobereka ndiponso posamalira ana.”

Kukonda Kwambiri Ziweto

Kukhulupirika kochititsa chidwi kwa zinyama kumachititsa anthu ena kukonda kwambiri ziweto zawo kuposa anthu a m’banja mwawo. Pa milandu ya chisudzulo, zoti chiwetocho chikhala cha ndani ndi mbali ina imene nthaŵi zina amakambirana pankhani yogaŵana katundu. Ndipo anthu ena pa wilo yawo alemba kuti chuma chawo chambiri chidzakhale cha ziweto zawo akadzamwalira.

N’zosadabwitsa kuti malonda okhudza ziweto akupanga phindu lalikulu masiku ano. Pali mabuku ndi magazini opereka malangizo pankhani iliyonse yokhudza ziweto. Pozindikira kuti anthu ena amene ali ndi ziweto ndi okonzeka kupatsa ziweto zawo zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri, anthu abizinesi amagulitsa chilichonse chimene eni ziwetowo angafune.

Mwachitsanzo, munthu akhoza kupeza dokotala waluso kwambiri amene angachiritse matenda alionse okhudza ziweto. Pali madokotala a matenda a maganizo a ziweto amene angapereke mankhwala othandiza kupeŵa kapena kuchepetsa kuvutika maganizo kwa ziwetozo. Ndiponso pali maloya a ziweto ndi makampani a inshuwalansi komanso malo osambitsako ndi kuphunzitsa ziweto. Anthu amachitanso mwambo wa maliro chiweto chikafa. Ndiye palinso anthu amene amachititsa kuti chiweto chibadwe pogwiritsa ntchito maselo, popanda ziweto kukwerana. Komatu zonsezi amalipiritsa ndalama zambiri!

Inde, ndi anthu ambiri amene amakonda ziweto. Dr. Jonica Newby, m’buku lake lakuti The Animal  Attraction, anati: “Galu akatithamangira, akugwedeza mchira wake ndi kutinyambita ngati kuti kufika kwathu panyumba ndiye chinthu chabwino kwambiri kuposa china chilichonse chimene tachita patsikulo, zikuoneka kuti mpake kunena kuti chimenecho ndi ‘chikondi.’” Inde, n’zomveka kuti eni ziweto ambiri amalimbikitsika kusonyezanso “chikondi” choterocho.

Komabe, kumazichitira zinthu zinyama monga mmene tingachitire ndi anthu zotsatira zake sizingakhale zabwino. Ndipotu, ziweto sizingakwaniritse zinthu zimene timafunikira monga mmene anthu anzathu angachitire. Ndiponso, kukhala ndi ziweto m’tauni kumabweretsa mavuto kwa ziwetozo komanso kwa eni ake. Tikambirana mfundo zimenezi m’nkhani yotsatirayi.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Chithunzi patsamba 11]

Nyama zam’tchire ngati izi zawetedwapo

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

A detail from The Great King of the Parthians Hunts With His Tame Panthers by Giovanni Stradanno: © Stapleton Collection/CORBIS

[Chithunzi patsamba 12]

Abusa a ku Israyeli ankachitira chifundo ana a nkhosa

[Zithunzi patsamba 13]

Ziweto zingathandize olumala ndi okalamba