Tomato Amagwira Ntchito Zambiri

YOLEMBEDWA NDI WOLEMBA GALAMUKANI! KU BRITAIN

“NDINGAPHIKE bwanji opanda tomato!” anatero mayi wina wachitaliyana. Mmenemu ndi mmene anthu ambiri odziwa kuphika amamvera padziko lonse lapansi. Zoonadi, anthu a zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana amagwiritsa ntchito tomato pophika. Anthu amene amalima okha ndiwo zakudimba amabzala kwambiri tomato kuposa chakudya china chilichonse. Koma kodi tomato ndi chipatso kapena ndi ndiwo?

Malinga ndi sayansi, tomato ndi chipatso chifukwa amabala pa mtengo ndipo ali ndi nthanga. Komabe, anthu ambiri amamuona ngati ndiwo chifukwa nthawi zambiri amamudyera kumodzi ndi chakudya china. Chakudya chokoma chimenechi chili ndi mbiri yochititsa chidwi.

Mbiri Yosangalatsa

M’dziko la Mexico, Aaziteki ankalima tomato ngati chakudya. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m’ma 1500, Asipanya amene anagonjetsa anthu a ku Mexico anatenga tomatoyu momwe ankabwerera kwawo ku Spain, ndipo anamutcha tomate pobwerekera mawu a chinenero cha Chinawato akuti tomatl. Pasanapite nthawi yaitali Asipanya okhala ku Italy, kumpoto kwa Africa, ndi ku Middle East anayamba kudya chakudya chokoma chatsopano chimenechi.

Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 1500, tomato anakafika kumpoto kwa Ulaya. Poyamba anthu ankaganiza kuti chomera chimenechi ndi cha poizoni ndipo ankangomulima ngati maluwa. Ngakhale kuti tomato ali m’gulu la zomera zinazake za poizoni, monga nthula, ndipo ali ndi masamba a fungo kwambiri ndiponso mtengo wake ndi wa poizoni, chipatso chake n’chabwinobwino.

Mosakayikira chomera chatsopano cha ku Ulaya chimenechi chinali chachikasu, chifukwa Ataliyana anachitcha pomodoro (apulo wachikasu). Angelezi anamutcha tomate ndipo kenaka anamutcha tomato, koma dzina loti “apulo wachikondi” linatchukanso. Kuchoka ku Ulaya tomato anayenda ulendo wautali n’kuwoloka nyanja ya Atlantic kubwereranso kumpoto kwa America, kumene pamapeto pake, m’zaka za m’ma 1800, anafala monga chakudya chofunika kwambiri.

Alipo wa Mitundumitundu Ndipo Anthu Ambiri Amamukonda

Mutafunsa kuti kodi tomato ndi wamtundu wanji, mosakayikira yankho lake lingakhale loti ndi “wofiira.” Koma kodi mukudziwa kuti pali tomato wina wachikasu, waolenji, wapinki, wapepo, wabulawuni, woyera, wobiriwira, ndipo ngakhale wamizeramizera? Ndipo si tomato yense amene ali wozungulira. Wina amakhala wophwatalala, pamene wina amakhala wozungulira pakati koma wosongoka mbali imodzi kapena mbali zonse ziwiri. Akhoza kukhala wamng’ono ngati nsawawa kapena wamkulu ngati nkhonya kapena kuti, chibakera, cha munthu wamwamuna.

Chakudya chotchuka chimenechi chimalimidwa ndi kumadera akutali komwe, monga kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi ku Iceland ndi kummwera kwa dziko lapansi ku New Zealand. Mayiko amene amalima tomato wambiri ndi United States ndi mayiko a kummwera kwa Ulaya. Kumadera kozizira amalima tomato m’mashedi ofunda, ndipo kumadera kopanda nthaka yabwino amamulima m’madzi opanda dothi okhala ndi zakudya zofunikira kuti tomatoyu akule.

Anthu amene akuphunzira kumene kulima ndiwo za kudimba amakonda kulima tomato, chifukwa choti savuta kumera ndipo mitengo yochepa chabe imabereka tomato wotha kukwanira banja laling’ono. Ngati mulibe malo ambiri, muzilima mitundu ya tomato yomwe anaikonza makamaka kuti muziibzala pakhonde ndi pawindo.

Mfundo Zina Zokhudza Tomato ndi Mmene Amathandizira Thanzi Lanu

Kuzizira kumawononga kukoma kwa tomato, choncho musamamusunge m’firiji. Kuti apse mwamsanga, mukhoza kumuika pawindo powala dzuwa, kapena mungamuike m’mbale limodzi ndi tomato wakupsa kapena nthochi yakupsa kapena mungamuike m’pepala labulawuni kwa masiku angapo.

Tomato ndi wopatsa thanzi kwambiri. Ali ndi vitamini A, C, ndi E, komanso ali ndi potashamu, kashamu, ndi michere ina yofunika m’thupi. Ochita kafukufuku atulukiranso kuti ali ndi mankhwala enaake amphamvu kwambiri amene akuti amakutetezani ku matenda monga kansa ndi matenda a mtima. Mbali yaikulu ya tomato ndi madzi, ndipo anthu amene sakufuna  kunenepa angasangalale kumva kuti tomato sanenepetsa.

Amakoma Mosiyanasiyana

Mukafuna kugula tomato, kodi muzisankha bwanji mtundu woti mugule? Tomato wofala kwambiri wofiira amakhala bwino mu saladi, supu, ndi msuzi. Tomato wamung’onomung’ono waolenji kapena wachikasu, amene amatsekemera kwambiri chifukwa ali ndi shuga wambiri, amakoma kumudya wosaphika. Ngati mukufuna kuphika pizza kapena pasta, mwina tomato wobulungira pakati koma wosongoka amene amakhala ndi mnofu wolimba, angakhale bwino. Tomato wamkulu wamnofu wambiri amakhala bwino kumukolowola n’kuika zinthu zina m’kati mwake kapena kumuphika mu uvuni. Tomato wobiriwira, amene nthawi zina amakhala wamizeramizera, amakhala bwino kukometsera zakudya zina. Zoonadi, tomato amakometsa ndi kukongoletsa zakudya zambiri zamasamba, mazira, pasta, nyama, ndi nsomba, chifukwa ali ndi kakomedwe ndi kaonekedwe kakekake. Ngati simungathe kupeza tomato wongochokera kumene ku dimba, kumadera kwina mukhoza kugula ku sitolo tomato wa m’chitini wokonzedwa m’njira zosiyanasiyana.

Munthu aliyense amagwiritsa ntchito tomato m’njira zosiyanasiyana pophika, koma pansipa pali maphikidwe angapo amene mungafune kuyesera.

1. Konzani chakudya chodzutsa mudyo chosatenga nthawi kukonza ndiponso chooneka bwino potenga mapisi a tomato, tchizi cha mtundu wa mozzarela, ndi mapeyala n’kuwayala m’mbale mogundizanagundizana. Wazani mafuta ophikira a azitona othira tsabola wopera wakuda, ndipo kongoletsani ndi masamba a basil.

2. Pangani saladi wachigiriki posakaniza zidutswa za tomato, nkhaka, tchizi cha mtundu wa feta, zipatso za azitona zakuda, ndi anyezi wofiira. Thiranimo mchere ndi tsabola wopera, ndipo muzithire msuzi wopangidwa ndi mafuta a azitona ndi madzi a mandimu.

3. Pangani zakudya za ku Mexico zotchedwa salsa zokometsera zakudya zina posakaniza tomato woduladula, anyezi, tsabola wosapsa, coriander, ndi madzi a mandimu.

4. Konzani msuzi wa tomato wothira mu pasta posakaniza tomato woduladula wa m’chitini chimodzi, shuga (kapena tomatososi) pang’ono, mafuta a azitona pang’ono, adyo wotswanyatswanya, zonunkhiritsa pang’ono monga basil, bay leaf, kapena oregano, ndi tsabola wopera ndi mchere pang’ono. Thirani zonsezi m’poto. Ziwiritseni kenaka muchepetse moto kwa mphindi 20 mpaka msuziwu ukhuthale. Thirani msuzi umenewu mu pasta wanu mutamuphika n’kumuchotsa madzi.

Tomato, amene amagwira ntchito zambiri, ndi chitsanzo chimodzi chokha cha zakudya zosiyanasiyana zimene zinalengedwa kuti tizidya.