Mmene Mungapindulire ndi Manyuzipepala

“Munthu amene sawerenga nyuzi ndi wopusa; koma munthu wopusa moposa pamenepa ndi amene amakhulupirira chilichonse chimene wawerenga m’nyuzi.” Anatero August von Schlözer, wolemba mbiri wina wa ku Germany yemwenso anali mtolankhani m’zaka za m’ma 1700.

NTHAWI inayake, anthu ofufuza anafunsa anthu masauzande angapo ku Britain ndi ku France kuti alongosole kuti mabungwe 13 a kumeneko amawakhulupirira motani. Mabungwe ofalitsa nkhani anali omaliza pa ndandanda ya mabungwe amene anthu amawakhulupirira, ndipo anaposedwa ngakhale ndi mabungwe andale ndi azamalonda. Ku United States, anthu ambiri owerenga nyuzi amanena kuti amakhulupirira nyuzi zawo. Koma bungwe lofufuza nkhani la Pew Research Center linasonyeza kuti anthu okhulupirira nyuzi akuchepa.

Nthawi zambiri pamakhala zifukwa zabwino zokayikira nkhani makamaka ngati ili yokhudza zinthu zofunika m’dziko limene amasindikiza nyuziyo. Kodi zikatere chimachitika n’chiyani? Nthawi zambiri choonadi chimaponyedwa kutali. Arthur Ponsonby, yemwe anali wandale wotchuka ku Britain m’zaka za m’ma 1900, ananenapo kuti: “Pakabuka nkhondo chinthu choyamba kusowa chimakhala choonadi.”

Ngakhale kulibe nkhondo, ndi bwino kusamala nazo nkhani za m’nyuzi. “Wachibwana akhulupirira mawu onse; koma wochenjera asamalira mayendedwe ake,” unatero mwambi wina wa m’Baibulo. (Miyambo 14:15) Ngati mutasamala, nyuzi zingathe kukuthandizani kudziwa nkhani zimene mukufuna kudziwa.

Kufunika kwa Nkhani

Nyuzi n’zofunika masiku ano chifukwa choti zimatithandiza kudziwa zimene zikuchitika padziko pano. Ndipotu ndi bwino zedi kudziwa zimenezi. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa choti zinthu zambiri zimene zikuchitika masiku ano zinaloseredwa ndi mneneri woposa aneneri onse amene anakhalako, yemwe ndi Yesu Kristu. Atafunsidwa kuti anenepo za mapeto a dongosolo lino la zinthu, iye anati nthawi ya  mapeto idzadziwika ndi zinthu monga nkhondo, kuchuluka kwa anthu oswa malamulo, kusowa kwa chakudya, miliri, zivomezi, ndi mavuto enanso otere.—Mateyu 24:3-14; Luka 21:7-11.

Baibulo limanenanso kuti: ‘M’masiku otsiriza zidzafika nthawi zowawitsa.’ Ulosi umenewu umawonjezera kunena kuti ‘m’masiku otsiriza’ amenewa, anthu adzakhala “odzikonda okha, okonda ndalama” ndiponso “osamvera akuwabala.” Anthu adzakhala “opanda chikondi chachibadwidwe” ndipo adzakhala “osakhoza kudziletsa, aukali, osakonda abwino, achiwembu, aliuma olimbirira, otukumuka mtima, okonda zokondweretsa munthu, osati okonda Mulungu.”—2 Timoteo 3:1-5.

N’kutheka kuti ngakhale m’dera lanulo mukuona ulosi wa m’Baibulo umenewu ukukwaniritsidwa. Ndipo zimene zikuchitika padziko lonse, zomwe timaziwerenga m’nyuzi, zikungotsimikizira kuti maulosi a m’Baibulo n’ngolondola. Kodi zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti tizikhulupirira zilizonse zimene timawerenga m’nyuzi? Ayi, chifukwatu ngakhale anthu opanga nyuzi enieniwo amanena kuti ndi bwino kukhala osamala.

Zindikirani Kuti Pamakhala Mavuto

Aliyense amalakwitsa, ngakhale atakhala wachilungamo ndiponso wodziwa ntchito bwanji. Ariel Hart analemba mawu otsatirawa m’magazini yotchedwa Columbia Journalism Review: “Pa zaka zitatu zimene ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito m’makampani osiyanasiyana yowachongera nkhani zimene alemba, sindinapezepo nkhani yopanda polakwitsa, kaya ikhale nkhani ya masamba asanu kapena ya ndime ziwiri zokha.” Iye anatchulapo zitsanzo za zolakwika monga “kulemba chaka cholakwika, kulemba zinthu zomwe panopo zinasintha, masipelo olakwika, zinthu zomwe zafalitsidwa kwambiri zongomva koma zosakhala zoona.”

Nkhani zina zimene atolankhani amamva zimakhala zosadalirika. Nthawi zina atolankhani amapatsidwa nkhani zabodza. M’chaka cha 1999 munthu wina wochita zinthu zopusitsa anthu anapereka nkhani yabodza yoti ifalitsidwe. Nkhani yake inali yonena za “malo osangalalirako ooneka ngati manda,” ndipo anaika zithunzi zokongola za kampani yongopeka yomanga mandawo ndiponso anaikapo nambala ya telefoni ya kampaniyi. Munthu akaimba telefoniyo ankalankhula ndi munthu wachinyengoyo yemwe ankanamizira kuti ndiye woyankha mafunso okhudza kampaniyo. Bungwe lofalitsa nkhani la Associated Press linalephera kudziwa kuti nkhaniyo inali yabodza, motero nkhaniyo inatuluka m’nyuzipepala zambiri ku United States. Akuti chinsinsi cha nkhani zabodza zimene anthu amazikhulupirira  n’chakuti “zimakhala nkhani zokopa zokhala ndi zithunzi zovuta kukhulupirira koma zosonyeza zinthu zoti zingatheke ndithu.”

Ngakhale atolankhani achilungamo nthawi zina amatha kusamvetsa bwino nkhani. Wolemba nkhani wina wa ku Poland analongosola kuti: “Nthawi zambiri atolankhani amafunika kumaliza ntchito yawo mofulumira. Nyuzipepala zimapikisana. Nyuzi iliyonse imafuna ikhale yoyamba kufalitsa nkhani inayake. Motero ambirife, ngakhale kuti timafuna kulemba nkhani zofufuzidwa bwino, nthawi zina timalephera kutero.”

Amakakamizika Kulemba Nkhani Zosangalatsa Anthu Enaake

Lipoti lotchedwa Freedom of the Press 2003—A Global Survey of Media Independence linati m’mayiko 115 pa mayiko 193 atolankhani alibe ufulu kapena ali ndi ufulu wochepa chabe. Komabe, ngakhale m’mayiko amene muli ufulu wa atolankhani zimathekabe kuchititsa atolankhaniwo kulemba nkhani zimene sakufuna.

Nthawi zina, atolankhani ena sapatsidwa nkhani zinazake zofunika, pamene ena amene amalemba nkhani zosangalatsa akuluakulu amawalola kufunsa mafunso ndiponso kuperekeza akuluakulu a zandale pa maulendo awo. Ndalama zimene otsatsa malonda amalipira makampani ofalitsa nyuzipepala zimakhudzanso zinthu zolembedwa m’nyuziyo. Mtolankhani wina wa ku Poland anati: “Amalondawo angathe kunena kuti mkonzi wa nyuziyo akangoyerekeza kufalitsa chilichonse chosakhala bwino chokhudza iwowo amalondawo asiya kutsatsa malonda awo m’nyuziyo.” Ndipo munthu wina wochonga nkhani zoti zifalitsidwe m’nyuzipepala inayake ya ku Japan anachenjeza kuti: “Dziwani kuti m’povuta kwambiri kulemba nkhani yosakondera ngakhale pang’ono.”

Motero mwina mungafunse kuti ‘ngati atolankhani odziwa ntchito yawo amavutika chonchi kulemba nkhani zodalirika, kodi owerengafe tingadziwe bwanji kuti nkhani iyi ndi yoona, koma iyi ayi?’

Ndi bwino Kukhala Osamala

N’zoonekeratu kuti m’pofunika kuchita zinthu mwanzeru. Yobu anafunsa kuti: “M’khutumu simuyesa mawu, monga m’kamwa mulawa chakudya chake?” (Yobu 12:11) Wowerenga nyuziyo azionetsetsa kuti aone ngati nkhaniyo ili yoona. Mwanzeru, iye amakhala ngati  kuti akuyesa nkhanizo n’kungosankhapo zoona zokhazokha. Kalekale, wophunzira wina wa Yesu Kristu analemba moyamikira anthu amene anamvetsera mtumwi Paulo kenaka n’kukafufuza kumene Pauloyo anapeza nkhani zake kuti atsimikizire ngati iye anali kuphunzitsa nkhani zoona.—Machitidwe 17:11; 1 Atesalonika 5:21.

Moteronso, munthu wowerenga nyuzi angadzifunse mafunso monga akuti: Kodi walemba nkhaniyi amaidziwa bwanji ntchito yake? Kodi angakondere pa nkhani zotani? Kodi nkhaniyo ikutchula mfundo zoti anthu ena angathe kuzitsimikizira? Kodi alipo winawake amene angakhale akufuna kunamiza anthu ndi nkhaniyi? Mwanzeru, wowerengayo angafufuze bwinobwino nkhaniyo kuti atsimikizire ngati ili yoonadi. Angathenso kukambirana zimene wawerengazo ndi anthu ena. Mwambi wina wa m’Baibulo umati: “Ukayenda ndi anzeru udzakhala wanzeru.”—Miyambo 13:20.

Komabe, musaganize kuti muzipeza nkhani zosalakwitsa kalikonseko. Monga taonera, pali zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimene zimalepheretsa nyuzi kulemba nkhani zosakondera ngakhale pang’ono. Komabe nyuzi zingakuthandizeni kudziwa zimene zikuchitika m’dzikoli. Ndi bwino kudziwa zimene zikuchitika, chifukwa Yesu, ponena za nthawi imene tikukhalamoyi, analimbikitsa anthu kuti: “Dikirani.” (Marko 13:33) Ngakhale nkhani za nyuzi zimene mumawerenga zitakhala kuti n’zolakwika mwina ndi mwina, nyuzizo zingakuthandizenibe kudikira.

[Bokosi/Chithunzi patsamba 26]

OFALITSA NKHANI AKAKONDERA

Nyuzipepala zikalemba nkhani zoipitsa munthu kapena gulu linalake, nthawi zambiri zimakhala kuti nkhaniyo anapupuluma kuilemba kapena anawauza molakwika. Komabe, ngakhale kuti sachitira dala zimenezi, nkhanizi zimatha kufalitsa mwamsanga mabodza oopsa. Koma nthawi zina amafalitsira dala nkhani zabodza, monga mmene zinalili ku Germany panthawi ya ulamuliro wa chipani cha Nazi. Panthawiyi ankafalitsa mabodza onena za anthu a mafuko ndiponso zipembedzo zinazake.

Taganizirani zimene zinachitika posachedwapa mumzinda wa Moscow, ku Russia, pamene anthu enaake anayesa kuipitsa mbiri ya Mboni za Yehova pa mlandu wokhudza ufulu wachibadwidwe. Nyuzipepala ya The Globe and Mail ya ku Toronto, ku Canada inati: “Atsikana atatu atadzipha ku Moscow, nthawi yomweyo atolankhani a ku Russia anafalitsa nkhani yonena kuti atsikanawo anali a Mboni za Yehova olimbikira kwambiri.”

Nkhani zoterezi zinatuluka pa February 9, 1999, tsiku limene khoti linayambanso mlandu womwe cholinga chake chinali chofuna kuletsa gulu la Mboni za Yehova mumzinda wa Moscow. Geoffrey York yemwe amagwira ntchito ku bungwe lofalitsa nyuzi ya The Globe and Mail ku Moscow anati: “Pambuyo pake apolisi anavomereza kuti atsikanawo sanali a chipembedzo chimenechi n’komwe. Koma panthawiyi n’kuti siteshoni ina ya TV ku Moscow itayamba kale kufalitsanso nkhani zina zabodza, pouza anthu kuti Mboni za Yehova zinagwirizana ndi Adolf Hitler panthawi imene chipani chake cha Nazi chinkalamulira dziko la Germany, ndipo siteshoniyo inkafalitsa nkhaniyi ngakhale kuti pali umboni wa m’mabuku wosonyeza kuti a Mboni ambirimbiri anaponyedwa m’ndende zochuluka zomwe chipanichi chinkanyongeramo anthu.”

Motero anthu ambiri amene anakhulupirira mwinanso kuchita mantha ndi nkhani zabodzazi, n’zotheka kuti anayamba kuona Mboni za Yehova ngati kagulu komwe anthu ake amadzipha okha kapena kagulu kogwirizana ndi chipani cha Nazi.

[Chithunzi patsamba 23]

Yesu Kristu analosera zinthu zambiri zimene timaona zitalembedwa m’nyuzi masiku ano

[Zithunzi patsamba 24]

Nkhani za m’nyuzi zimatsimikizira maulosi a m’Baibulo

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

FAO photo/B. Imevbore

[Chithunzi pamasamba 24, 25]

Anthu amene anafufuza kaye kumene Paulo anapeza nkhani zimene ankaphunzitsa kuti atsimikizire ngati zinali zoona anayamikiridwa, ndipotu n’chinthu chanzeru kuchita zimenezi tikamawerenga nkhani zovuta kukhulupirira