Nsomba Zikakudwalitsani

YOLEMBEDWA NDI WOLEMBA GALAMUKANI! KU FIJI

Arebonto analephera kupirira ndi nsomba yootcha yomwe inkanunkhira bwino kwambiri. Ankadziwa kuti angathe kudwala akadya nsombayo, koma poti anali ndi njala, sakanachitira mwina. Patangotha nthawi yochepa, Arebonto anayamba kuchita nseru, m’mimba munayamba kum’potokola ndipo kenako anayamba kusanza ndi kutsegula m’mimba, moti ananong’oneza bondo.

PAMENE anzake ankathamangira naye kuchipatala cha pachilumba chaching’ono cha pa nyanja ya mchere ya Pacific, n’kuti Arebonto atangotsala pang’ono kukomoka. Komanso madzi anali atatha m’thupi lake, pamtima pakum’pweteka, magazi akuyenda pang’onopang’ono, ndiponso mtima ukugunda mofooka, zomwe zinali zoopsa kwambiri. Kwa masiku angapo otsatira, Arebonto ankamva mutu, chizungulire, ndi kutopa kwambiri, komanso miyendo inkachita dzanzi, ndiponso ankamva kupweteka potaya madzi. Kuwonjezera apo, zinthu zozizira ankazimva ngati zotentha ndipo zotentha ngati zozizira. Patatha masiku asanu ndi atatu, mtima unayamba kugunda bwinobwino, koma dzanzi ndi kumva kutopa kwambiri zinapitirira kwa milungu ingapo.

Arebonto anadwala ndi poizoni wachilengedwe, woopsa kwambiri amene amapangitsa kuti nsomba zabwinobwino za m’matanthwe a m’nyanja opangidwa ndi zamoyo zing’onozing’ono zikhale zoopsa kuzidya. Matendawa omwe pa Chingelezi amati ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), amapezeka m’madera otentha ndiponso m’madera oyandikana nawo, m’nyanja za mchere za Indian ndi Pacific ndiponso m’nyanja ya Caribbean. M’maderawa, nsomba zomwe anthu amapha ndizo chakudya chodalirika kwambiri.

Matenda a CFP n’ngakalekale. Ndipo anali matenda amene anthu a ku Ulaya omwe ankayendera nyanja zikuluzikulu ankavutika nawo. N’chimodzimodzinso masiku ano, anthu ambiri oona malo amavutika nawo kwambiri matendawa. N’zosadabwitsa kuti matendawa akusokoneza ntchito zausodzi ndi zokopa alendo m’zilumba zambiri. Komanso malonda a nsomba zamoyo kapena za m’firiji zochokera m’matanthwe a m’nyanja achititsa kuti matenda a CFP afike m’madera ena ambiri a kunja kwa madera otentha. Matenda amenewa akafika m’madera enawa amavuta kuwazindikira. *

N’chiyani chimachititsa kuti nsomba za m’matanthwe a m’nyanja zizikhala ndi poizoni? Kodi n’zotheka kuzindikira nsomba za poizoni? Taonani zomwe anthu apeza pambuyo pochita kafukufuku kwa zaka zambiri.

Kudziwa Chimene Chimayambitsa Matendawa

Anthu ambiri amati poizoni woyambitsa matenda a CFP amachokera ku tizilombo tina ting’onoting’ono kwambiri. Tizilomboti timakhala m’matanthwe a  m’nyanja opangidwa ndi zamoyo zing’onozing’ono ndipo timadziphatika ku ndere. Tinsomba ting’onoting’ono timadya nderezi limodzi ndi poizoni amene tizilombo tija timapanga. Tinsomba ting’onoting’onoti timadyedwa ndi nsomba zina, zomwe zimadyedwanso ndi nsomba zina, ndipo izi zimachititsa kuti poizoni afike ku nsomba zomwe anthu amadya. Koma sikuti nsombazi zimavutika ndi poizoniyu.

Poizoni ameneyu ali m’gulu la poizoni wachilengedwe woopsa kwambiri. Mwayi wake n’ngwakuti, “pali mitundu yochepa kwambiri ya nsomba zomwe zikuganiziridwa kuti zimayambitsa matenda a CFP,” inatero nyuzipepala ina ya boma ku Australia. Nsomba siisintha kaonekedwe, fungo, kapena kukoma kwake chifukwa cha poizoniyu, ndipo poizoniyu sasukuluka chifukwa chophika, kuyanika, kufutsa, kuwamba, kapena poithira zokometsera zina ndi zina. Nsomba yomwe Arebonto anadya ija inalibe chilichonse chimene chikanam’chenjeza za tsoka limene anakumana nalo, mpaka pamene anayamba kuvutika m’mimba, mtima, ndiponso minyewa.

Kudziwa Matendawa ndi Chithandizo Chake

Padakali pano, achipatala alibe njira yopimira munthu kuti adziwe ngati ali ndi matenda a CFP. Amadziwa kuti munthu akudwala matendawa malinga ndi zizindikiro zimene munthuyo akusonyeza, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayamba kuoneka pasanathe maola ambiri munthu atadya nsomba ya poizoni ndipo mwina angatsimikizire mwa kupima nsomba yotsala. (Onani bokosi patsamba linali.) Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi matenda a CFP, ndi bwino kupita kuchipatala. Ngakhale kuti matendawa adakalibe mankhwala, munthu amatha kupatsidwa chithandizo chochepetsera ululu wa zizindikiro za matendawa, womwe nthawi zambiri umatha pambuyo pa masiku angapo. Komabe, matenda a CFP amafooketsa kwambiri, ndipo kulandira chithandizo mwamsanga kumathandiza kuti zinthu zisaipe kwambiri.

Anthu ena amavutika kwambiri ndi matendawa pamene ena savutika nawo kwambiri, ndipo pali zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimachititsa zimenezi. Mwa zina, chimachititsa ndi mlingo wa poizoni mu nsombayo, kukula ndi ziwalo za nsomba zimene munthu wadya, mlingo wa poizoni wamtunduwu amene ali kale m’thupi la wodwalayo, ndi dera limene nsombayo yachokera, chifukwa zikuoneka kuti poizoniyu amasiyanasiyana malinga ndi madera ake. M’malo moti matupi athuwa aphunzire kudziteteza ku poizoni ameneyu, anthufe timayamba kudana naye kwambiri, moti zinthu zimaipa kwambiri munthu akamadwala mobwerezabwereza matenda a CFP. Kumwa mowa kumachititsanso kuti munthu avutike kwambiri ndi matendawa. Koma kuti matendawa asayambirenso, wodwala sayenera kudya nsomba iliyonse kwa miyezi itatu mpaka isanu ndi umodzi pambuyo podwala matendawa, limatero buku lina lofotokoza za matenda ofala kwambiriwa.

Matendawa akabwera ndi mphamvu, munthu angathe kudwala kwa milungu kapena miyezi ingapo ndipo nthawi zina kwa zaka kumene, zomwe zingamuchititse kusonyeza zizindikiro zofanana ndi za vuto la kutopa kwambiri. Nthawi zina, munthu amafa chifukwa cha kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa mapapo kapena mtima, kapenanso chifukwa chosowa madzi m’thupi. Komabe, izi nthawi zambiri akuti zimachitika chifukwa chodya ziwalo za poizoni wambiri, monga mutu kapena za m’mimba mwa nsomba.

N’zovuta Kumvetsa

Pafupifupi nsomba zonse zokhala m’matanthwe a m’nyanja opangidwa ndi zinthu zamoyo, kuphatikizapo zinthu zomwe zimadya nsomba zimenezi zingathe kukhala ndi poizoni. Koma pamene pamavuta kumvetsa ndi apa. Nsomba za m’matanthwe ena zingakhale ndi poizoni wambiri, koma nsomba za mtundu womwewo  zogwidwa m’madera akufupi ndi dera limenelo zingakhale zabwinobwino. Komanso mtundu wina wa nsomba womwe umadwalitsa anthu matenda a CFP kawirikawiri ku madera ena a dziko lapansi, ungakhale wopanda vuto m’madera ena. N’zovuta kuneneratu kuti nsomba zili ndi poizoni chifukwa chakuti tizilombo tomwe timapanga poizoniyu sititulutsa poizoni nthawi zonse.

Chomwe chikuchititsa kuti vutoli lifike poipa kwambiri n’chakuti pakali pano palibe njira yodalirika, yosawonongetsa ndalama zambiri, yopimira poizoni mu nsomba. Zimene akuluakulu a zachipatala angachite panopo ndizo kuchenjeza anthu za nsomba zimene sayenera kudya ndi madera omwe mungapezeke nsomba zimenezo, ndipo iwo angachite zimenezi ngati alandira malipoti ofotokoza za anthu odwala matenda a CFP. Zina mwa nsomba zokayikitsa kwambiri ndi barracuda, grouper, kingfish, red bass, rockfish, ndi snapper, ndiponso mtundu wina wa mkunga wotchedwa moray. Nsomba zikuluzikulu, zokalamba, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi poizoni. M’madera ena malamulo salola kugulitsa mtundu wa nsomba zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi poizoni. Komabe, anthu ambiri amati nsomba za m’nyanja za mchere zimene sizidya nsomba za m’matanthwe opangidwa ndi zamoyo ndiponso nsomba za m’madera ofunda, zimakhala zabwino.

Anthu akuti chiwerengero cha odwala matenda a CFP chingathe kukwera kwambiri. Mwa zina, izi zingachitike chifukwa chakuti matanthwe a zamoyo zing’onozing’ono zomwe zinafa amakhala malo abwino okhalamo tizilombo topanga poizoni, ndipo panopo zikumveka kuti pali zamoyo zambiri zopanga matanthwewa zimene zikudwala kapena kufa.

Ngakhale kuti matenda a CFP n’ngovuta kuwamvetsa, mungathe kuwapewa potsatira mfundo zingapo. (Onani bokosi lili pamwambali.) Arebonto akanafa chifukwa chakuti sanatsatire malangizo amenewa. Anadya mutu ndiponso thunthu la nsomba ina yotchedwa rockfish yakwawoko yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi poizoni. Anali atadyapo nsomba yamtunduwu m’mbuyomo popanda kudwala nayo ndipo, mofanana ndi munthu wina aliyense wokhala pachilumba, Arebonto anayamba kuona ngati kuti palibe vuto.

Kodi zonse taonazi zikutanthauza kuti musiye kudya zinthu zochokera m’nyanja zikuluzikulu, mwachitsanzo, panthawi yomwe muli patchuthi kumadera otentha? Ayi, sichoncho. Chinthu chanzeru chomwe mungachite ndicho kutsatira malangizo ndi kusankha bwino nsomba zoti mudye.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Bokosi/Chithunzi patsamba 21]

Zizindikiro Zodziwika Kwambiri

▪ Kutsekula m’mimba, nseru, kusanza, kupotokola m’mimba

▪ Chingwangwa, kutuluka thukuta, chizungulire, kupweteka mutu, kuyabwa

▪ Kuchita dzanzi kapena kumva kulasalasa m’milomo, m’manja, kapena m’mapazi

▪ Zinthu zozizira kuzimva ngati zotentha, zotentha ngati zozizira

▪ Kumva kupweteka m’minofu, ndi m’mfundo ndiponso potaya madzi

▪ Mtima umagunda pang’onopang’ono, magazi amayenda pang’onopang’ono, kutopa

[Bokosi/Chithunzi patsamba 21]

Mmene Mungapewere Matendawa

▪ Funsani dipatimenti ya zausodzi kapena akatswiri a zausodzi a m’dera lanu za nsomba zosafunika kudya ndiponso madera a nsomba zokhala ndi poizoni.

▪ Musadye nsomba zochokera m’madera omwe chaposachedwapa anamveka kuti ali ndi poizoni wokhala mu nsomba.

▪ Musadye nsomba zikuluzikulu, zokalamba za m’matanthwe omwe mumapezeka poizoni.

▪ Musadye mutu kapena chiwindi kapenanso ziwalo zina za m’kati mwa nsomba.

▪ Mukawedza nsomba ya m’matanthwe omwe mumapezeka poizoni, itumbuleni bwinobwino mwamsanga.

[Zithunzi pamasamba 20, 21]

Nsomba Zomwe Kawirikawiri Zimadwalitsa CFP

(MAYINA AMASIYANASIYANA)

Snapper

Grouper

Barracuda

Rockfish

Kingfish

Mkunga wa moray

[Chithunzi patsamba 20]

Tizilombo topanga poizoni wopezeka mu nsomba

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 20]

All fish except eel: Illustrated by Diane Rome Peebles - Provided by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Division of Marine Fisheries Management; eel: Photo by John E. Randall; dinoflagellate: Image by D. Patterson and R. Andersen, provided courtesy of micro*scope (http://microscope.mbl.edu)

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 21]

Fish backgrounds: Illustrated by Diane Rome Peebles-Provided by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Division of Marine Fisheries Management