Maluwa Okongola Mokopa a Kuno ku Africa

YOLEMBEDWA KU KENYA

“Sindinaonepo maluwa okongola ngati awa!” “Mphatso yopatsa bwenzi la pamtima ndi imeneyi.” “Iyi ndi njira yachidule yomuuzira munthu kuti, ‘Ndiwe wekhatu basi.’”

MWINA nanunso mumamva mmene amamvera anthu amenewa, omwe amakhala mumzinda wa Nairobi ku Kenya. Pamaluwa onse obzala ndi akutchire omwe, n’kutheka kuti palibe maluwa ena odziwika kwambiri padziko lonse kuposa maluwa otchedwa rozi. Maluwawa sanayambe lero kukopa anthu. Alembedwa m’ndakatulo zankhaninkhani ndiponso ajambulidwa m’zithunzi zosawerengeka. Katswiri wina wa zolembalemba, dzina lake Shakespeare, anatchulapo za maluwa amenewa m’sewero lake lina (lotchedwa Romeo and Juliet). Iye anati: “Dzina lili n’ntchito yanji kodi? Duwa limene timalitcha kuti rozi silingasinthe kafungo kake konunkhira bwino ngakhale mutalitchula dzina lina.” Duwalitu lathandiza anthu kwabasi. Lachititsa anthu ambiri kudziwana ndi kuyamba kukondana, ena kukhululukirana, ndipo lalimbikitsanso odwala ambiri.

Kuphatikiza pa zinthu zonsezi, maluwa a rozi amayenda malonda kwabasi. Pankhani yochita malonda ndi mayiko ena, mayiko ambiri amene ali ndi nyengo yogwirizana ndi ulimi wa maluwa amadalira kwambiri ulimi wa maluwa a rozi. Mwachitsanzo, ku Kenya, pa maluwa mamiliyoni ambiri amene dzikoli linagulitsa kunja chaka china posachedwapa, maluwa 70 pa 100 alionse anali a rozi. Motero dzikoli lili m’gulu la mayiko amene akulima kwambiri maluwa a rozi padziko lonse.

Kalekale, maluwa ochititsa kaso amenewa ankangodzimerera okha m’tchire mpaka pamene anthu anawatulukira. Masiku ano pali mitundu yambirimbiri ya maluwawa yomwe  anaipanga kuchokera ku mitundu yake yachilengedwe yoposa 100 ndipo anatero pogwiritsa ntchito njira zapamwamba za ulimi wamakono. Motero maluwawa n’ngodziwika padziko lonse ndipo amapezeka pafupifupi m’dziko lililonse padziko pano. Koma pali mtundu umodzi (wotchedwa hybrid tea rose) umene anthu ambiri amakonda ndiponso umene umapezeka kwambiri.

Kuchoka Kudimba Kufika Kunyumba

Anthu ambiri amagula maluwawa m’malo ogulitsira maluwa kapena m’misika. Pali mafamu ena omwe amangolima maluwa amenewa ndipo maluwa obzala kufamuwa amafunika kuwasamalira kwambiri kuposa obzala pakhomo. Titapita ku famu ina yotere yakufupi ndi mzinda wa Nairobi m’pamene tinazindikira kuti kukonza maluwawa kuti akagulitsidwe si ntchito yamasewera ayi.

Mafamu ambiri ku Kenya ali ndi zimashedi zikuluzikulu zomangidwa mwaluso zimene amabzalamo maluwawa. (Onani chithunzi patsamba 26) Titangoona chishedi chotere pafamuyi tinadziwiratu kuti amalimapo maluwa a rozi. Zimashedi zimenezi zimathandiza m’njira zosiyanasiyana. Mphukira za maluwawa akangozidula kumene kuti akazibzale zimafunika kuzisamala bwino ndi kuziteteza ku zinthu monga mvula yamphamvu, mphepo yamkuntho, kapena dzuwa lamphamvu. Kuti zisazizidwe kapena kutenthedwa kwambiri, pamafunika kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wozizira ukulowa bwinobwino ndiponso kuti mpweya wotentha ukutuluka.

M’kati mwa zimashedizo amayala mphukirazo m’mizere yambirimbiri malingana ndi msinkhu wa mphukirazo. Kufamu imene tinapitakoyo, amabzalako mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa a rozi. Ina mwa mitunduyi ndi monga mtundu winawake wotchuka womwe umatalika masentimita 70 (wotchedwa hybrid tea rose) ndi wina womwe umatalika masentimita 35 (wotchedwa sweetheart rose). Famuyi ili ndi maekala awiri ndi theka a maluwawa ndipo mwina pamenepa pali maluwa okwana 70,000.

Kodi maluwawa amawabzala motani? Maluwawa sawabzala m’dothi wamba ayi. Amawabzala m’mabedi okhala ndi dothi lochokera m’mapiri amene anaphulika, ndipo pansi padothipo amayalapo chipulasitiki. Alimi ambiri amakonda njira imeneyi chifukwa choti dothili silikhala ndi matenda ambiri ogwira mbewu. Akamathirira maluwawa amasamala kwambiri moti amachita kudontheza madzi othiridwa feteleza pa duwa lililonse. Madziwa amayenda m’timapaipi ting’onoting’ono tofika pomwe pamera duwalo. Dothi lija silikhala logwirana kwambiri motero madzi aja amalowerera mpaka kufika  pa chipulasitiki chija. Kenaka madziwo amawachotsa n’kuwagwiritsiranso ntchito.

Ngakhale kuti maluwawa amasamalidwa kwambiri chonchi, nthawi zina amatha kugwidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, makamaka oyambitsidwa ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana monga nsabwe, zomwe zimawononga masamba ndi mitengo ya mbewuzo. Akapanda kusamala, matendawa amatha kuwononga kwambiri maluwawa, koma kupopera mankhwala kumathetsa vutoli.

Maluwawa akakhwima amadziwika chifukwa choti amayamba kuoneka monyezimira. Zikatero, amawadula asanayambe kutseguka. Kuwadula panthawiyi kumathandiza kuti asawonongeke msanga ndiponso kuti asasinthe msanga mtundu. Nthawi yeniyeni yoyamba kudula maluwawa imatengera ndi mtundu wa maluwawo. Amakhala bwino kuwadula m’mawa kapena chakumadzulo, chifukwa panthawiyi mpweya umakhala ndi chinyontho motero sangaume msanga. Akawadula amakawaika m’chipinda chozizira. Zimenezi zimathandizanso kuti akhale nthawi yaitali osauma.

Zikatere maluwawa amayamba kuwasankha n’kuwapatulapatula. Amawapatula malingana ndi maonekedwe ake komanso kukula kwake. Kenaka amawapakira malingana ndi zofuna za makasitomala. Zikatero, ndiye kuti ulendo wapsa. Akachoka ku famu imeneyi, amapita nawo ku bwalo landege lalikulu kwambiri ku Nairobi, komwe amatengedwa pandege n’kupita nawo ku Ulaya. Maluwa amenewa sachedwa kuwonongeka, motero amayenera kufika kowagulitsira pasanathe maola 24, kaya ndi m’dziko momwemo kapena kunja.

Ngati winawake atadzakupatsani mphatso ya mpukutu wa maluwa a rozi, kapena mukadzagula nokha maluwawa, kaya kumsika kapena kumalo ogulitsira maluwa, mudzadziwe kuti n’kutheka kuti achokera kutali kwambiri. Mwinatu zimenezi zidzakuthandizani kuyamikira kwambiri Mlengi wa zinthu, Yehova Mulungu.—Salmo 115:15.

[Bokosi/Chithunzi patsamba 26]

Kodi Zidzatheka Kupanga Marozi a Buluu?

Maluwa a rozi akhala akuwasintha maonekedwe m’njira zosiyanasiyana ndipo zikuoneka kuti zimenezi zipitirirabe. Pali njira zosiyanasiyana za ulimi wa makono zimene mafamu amatsatira posintha maonekedwe a duwali. Pali maluwa ochepa chabe amene angathe kusinthidwa kuti akhale ndi maonekedwe osiyanasiyana monga amachitira marozi. Kodi inuyo mumakonda marozi ooneka motani? Kodi mumakonda oyera, achikasu, ofiirira kapena amtundu wina? Mitundu yonseyi inakhalapo chifukwa cha njira za ulimi wamakono zosinthira maonekedwe a maluwawa.

Mwachitsanzo, ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amadziwa bwino marozi ofiira, kodi mukudziwa kuti kalekale kunalibe marozi ofiira? Mwachilengedwe, maluwa a rozi sakhala ofiira. Moti maluwa okongola ofiira aja anachita kupangidwa m’ma 1930 pogwiritsira ntchito njira za ulimi wamakono. Komatu kwa nthawi yaitali sipanapezekepo marozi a buluu. Ichi n’chifukwa choti mwachilengedwe marozi sakhalanso a buluu. Koma makampani awiri, ina ya ku Australia ndi ina ya ku Japan anachita kafukufuku kwa zaka zambiri kuti apeze njira yopangira marozi amtundu umenewu. M’chaka cha 2004, iwowa anapanga marozi amtundu wonkera ku buluu ndithu. Komabe, kuti apange marozi a buluu weniweni, m’pofunika kuti apitirizebe kufufuzako.

[Chithunzi]

Chishedi chobzalamo maluwa

[Chithunzi patsamba 25]

Okhwima