Nsomba za Shaki Zikutha
Nsomba za Shaki Zikutha
YOLEMBEDWA KU MEXICO
PALI zinyama zochepa zokha zimene ndi zoopsa kwambiri kuposa nsomba zinazake zikuluzikulu zotchedwa shaki. Padziko lonse, nsomba zimenezi zimachita zinthu zoti zingavulaze anthu ndipo nthawi zina zimawavulaza kumene. Akuti pachaka, zimenezi zimachitika nthawi 75 ndipo nthawi 10 mwa nthawi zimenezi pamafa anthu. Chifukwa choti nkhanizi zimafalitsidwa kwambiri komanso chifukwa cha mafilimu osonyeza zoopsa zimenezi, anthu ambiri amaona kuti shaki ndi nsomba zodya anthu. N’zoona ndithu kuti nsombazi n’zofunika kusamala nazo. Komabe dziwani kuti pali anthu ambiri amene amafa chifukwa cholumidwa ndi njuchi kapena ng’ona kuposa amene amaphedwa ndi nsombazi.
Kwenikweni nsombazi ndizo zikuphedwa kwambiri ndi anthu. Wofufuza wa bungwe lina loyang’anira zinyama zam’madzi, (lotchedwa Argus Mariner Consulting Scientists), analemba m’magazini ina (yotchedwa Premier) kuti: “Shaki 100 miliyoni zimagwidwa chaka chilichonse. Izi ndi nsomba zambiri zedi moti titaziyala mondondozana zikhoza kupanga mzere wozungulira dziko lapansi lonseli kasanu.” Zimenezi zikuchititsa kuti chiwerengero cha nsombazi chiyambe kuchepa kwambiri. Vutoli likukula chifukwa choti siziswana kwambiri, sizikula msanga, ndiponso siziswa msanga zikatenga bele kapena zikaikira mazira. Chinanso n’chakuti anthu awononga kwambiri malo amene nsombazi zimaswanirana. Pamatenga zaka zambiri kuti nsombazi ziyambenso kuchulukana.
Zambiri mwa nsombazi amazigwira pofuna zipsepse zake. Zipsepsezi n’zokwera mtengo kwambiri chifukwa choti amwenye ambiri amazigwiritsira ntchito popanga mankhwala a matenda osiyanasiyana ndiponso owonjezera chilakolako cha kugonana. * Zipsepse za nsombazi n’zokwera mtengo kwambiri moti msuzi wake wokha umagulitsidwa madola 150 mbale imodzi. Anthu amaukonda kwambiri msuziwu moti zipsepsezi zimayenda malonda kwambiri m’mayiko a amwenye. Zimenezi zachititsa kuti anthu ayambe khalidwe lankhanza logwira nsombazi n’kumangozidula zipsepsezo basi. Akatero nsombazo amazibwezera m’madzi zidakali zamoyo, moti zimangofa chifukwa cha njala kapena kulephera kusambira.
Nsombazi Zitha Zonse Akapanda Kuchitapo Kanthu
Kodi tiyenera kuda nkhawa ndi kupululuka kwa nsombazi? Mwina ambirife zingativute kuda nkhawa ndi kutha kwa shaki monga tingachitire ndi njovu kapena anamgumi. Komano tiyenera kuzindikira kuti nsomba zimenezi zimathandiza kwambiri kuti zamoyo zosiyanasiyana zizikhala bwinobwino m’nyanja. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa choti nsombazi zimadya nsomba zina, zimathandiza kwambiri kuti nsomba zina zisachulukane monyanyira.
M’mayiko ambiri mulibe malamulo oletsa kupha shaki. Mwachitsanzo, ku Mexico anthu akhala akudula zipsepse za shaki zokwana matani 30,000 chaka chilichonse, komabe zimenezi zaletsedwa posachedwa pompa. Komanso m’mayiko ambiri, anthu akumagwira nsombazi m’madera otetezedwa a m’nyanja kapena m’mitsinje pofuna zipsepse zakezo basi. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti ntchito yoteteza nsombazi n’njovuta. Mwachitsanzo, mkulu woyang’anira bungwe lina losamalira malo ena otere (lotchedwa Galápagos National Park Service) anadandaula kuti: “Pazaka zochepa zapitazi khalidwe lodula zipsepse za shaki, lomwe n’loletsedwa mwalamulo, lafala kwambiri ku Galapagos. Malonda a zipsepsezi n’ngopindulitsa kwambiri ndipo zimenezi zachititsa kuti kunoko kubwere anthu ambiri akatangale.”
Koma n’zosangalatsa kuti mayiko ena analetsa zomadula zipsepse za shaki. Koma a Charlotte Mogensen, omwe amaona za malamulo oteteza zachilengedwe m’bungwe lina la zachilengedwe (World Wildlife Fund), anachenjeza kuti kungoika malamulowa sikokwanira ayi. Iwo anati: “Padziko lonse nsomba za shaki zikupululuka kwabasi. Tikulimbikitsa mabungwe onse oyang’anira zausodzi kuti ayambe kutsatira malamulo oletsa kudula zipsepse za nsombazi ndiponso kutsata njira zoyenerera zolembera zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokhudza nsombazi. Tikuwalimbikitsanso kuti ayambe kutsatira malamulo ochepetsera kugwira mwatsoka nyama zina zam’madzi posodza nsomba, ndiponso oonetsetsa kuti anthu sakupha nsomba za shakizi monyanyira.”
Nkhani yosangalatsa n’njakuti Mlengi, yemwe ndi mwini chilengedwe, sangalole kuti anthu apitirire kuwononga zachilengedwe zodabwitsazi, kuphatikizapo nsomba yoopsayi, yotchedwa shaki.—Chivumbulutso 11:18.
[Mawu a M’munsi]
^ ndime 5 N’zochititsa chidwi kuti ofufuza apeza kuti zipsepse za nsombazi zimakhala ndi mankhwala enaake oopsa, amene angathe kuchititsa amuna kusabereka.
[Bokosi/Zithunzi patsamba 17]
NSOMBA YA SHAKI
Ukulu wake: Shaki zamtundu waukulu kwambiri (pamwambapa), zimatalika mamita 18 ndipo zimalemera matani angapo. Komabe nsomba zimenezi sizivulaza anthu ndipo zimangodya zomera zosiyanasiyana zam’nyanja ndi nsomba zina zing’onozing’ono.
Nthawi ya bere: Nsombazi zimakhala ndi bere kwa miyezi 22 kuti zibereke.
Kuswana: Shaki zimatha kuswa ana awiri mwinanso mpaka 10 panthawi imodzi. Mitundu yambiri ya nsombazi imabereka ana, osati kuikira mazira.
Msinkhu wobereka: Nsomba zambiri zamtunduwu zimatenga zaka 12 kapena 15 kuti zifike pamsinkhu wobereka.
Kutalika kwa moyo wake: M’povuta kudziwa zaka zimene mitundu yambiri ya nsombazi imakhala, koma akuti nsomba za mumtundu wolusa kwambiri wa nsombazi (pamunsipa) zimatha kukhala zaka pafupifupi 60.
[Mawu a Chithunzi]
Seawatch.org
© Kelvin Aitken/age fotostock
[Chithunzi pamasamba 16, 17]
Pa mitundu 300 ya nsombazi, mitundu 62 ingathe kupululukiratu
[Mawu a Chithunzi]
© Mark Strickland/SeaPics.com
[Chithunzi patsamba 17]
Zipsepse za nsombazi zokwana pafupifupi theka lokha la kilogalamu zingagulitsidwe madola 200 kapenanso kuposa. Nsagwada za nsomba zikuluzikulu zamtunduwu zingathe kugulitsidwa madola 10,000
[Mawu a Chithunzi]
© Ron & Valerie Taylor/SeaPics.com