Kodi Imfa Ndi Mapeto a Zonse?

N’KUTHEKA kuti palibe nkhani ina yomwe yathetsa anthu nzeru kwa nthawi yaitali ngati nkhani yokhudza zimene zimachitika munthu akafa. Kwa zaka zambiri, anthu anzeru osiyanasiyana padziko lonse, ngakhalenso asayansi, akhala akuganizira ndi kufufuza nkhani imeneyi. Koma palibe mfundo iliyonse yomveka imene apeza.

Nanga bwanji zimene Baibulo limaphunzitsa? Ena anganene kuti nalonso Baibulo silinena zomveka pankhani ya imfa ndi zimene zimachitika munthu akafa. Kunena zoona, zinthu zongopeka zimene zipembedzo zambiri zimaphunzitsa, n’zimene zachititsa kuti Baibulo lizikhala ngati silinena zomveka pankhaniyi. Koma mukasiya ziphunzitso zongopeka ndi kuyamba kuphunzira zimene Baibulo limanenadi, mudzazindikira zoona zenizeni za nkhani imeneyi zomwe n’zomveka ndi zolimbikitsa kwambiri.

Musanakhaleko

Taonani chitsanzo cha mawu a Mfumu Solomo aja, omwe tawagwira m’nkhani yapitayi. Malemba awiri aja anena momveka bwino kuti nyama ndiponso anthu akafa, sadziwa kanthu kalikonse ayi. Motero, malingana ndi Baibulo, munthu akafa sachita chilichonse, samva chilichonse, sasangalala kapena kukwiya, ndipo saganiza.—Mlaliki 9:5, 6, 10.

Kodi zimenezi n’zovuta kukhulupirira? Taganizirani izi: Kodi munthu asanakhale ndi moyo anali kuti? Kapena kodi munali kuti mayi anu ndi bambo anu asanakhalire limodzi kuti inuyo muyambe kupangika m’mimba mwa mayi anu? Ngati zili zoona kuti anthu ali ndi mzimu umene suufa iwo akafa, kodi mzimuwo umakhala kuti munthu asanayambe kupangika m’mimba mwa amayi ake? Zoona zake n’zakuti simungakumbukire chilichonse chifukwa inuyo kunalibe. Musanayambe kupangika, simunali kwina kulikonse. Kodi n’zovuta kumvetsa zimenezi?

Moterotu n’zomveka kunena kuti tikafa, timakhala mmene tinalili tisanakhale ndi moyo. Izitu n’zimene Mulungu anauza Adamu atachita zosamvera. Iye anati: “Chifukwa kuti ndiwe fumbi, ndi kufumbiko udzabwerera.” (Genesis 3:19) Pankhani imeneyi, anthu si osiyana ndi nyama. Motero Baibulo limati: “Munthu sapambana nyama.”—Mlaliki 3:19, 20.

Kodi zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti moyo wa munthu umatha pambuyo pa tizaka tochepa chabe,  ndipo kenaka basi munthuyo sadzakhalakonso mpaka kalekale? Kapena kodi pali chiyembekezo chilichonse kwa anthu akufa? Taganizirani izi.

Mwachibadwa Timafuna Kukhala ndi Moyo

Pafupifupi aliyense amadana ndi nkhani zokhudza imfa. Anthu ambiri safuna ngakhale pang’ono kukamba za imfa yawo ngakhale kungoiganizira. Komano tsiku lililonse amaona mafilimu kapena nkhani za pa TV zosonyeza anthu akufa m’njira zosiyanasiyana. Amawerenga nkhani komanso amaona zithunzi zosonyeza anthu enieni amene afadi.

Zimenezi zimachititsa kuti imfa ya anthu osawadziwa isamatikhudze kwenikweni. Komabe, imfa ya wachibale kapena mnzathu ngakhalenso imfa yathu yomwe sizolowereka. Izi zili choncho chifukwa choti mwachibadwa anthu amakonda kwambiri kukhala ndi moyo. Anthufe timaganizira kwambiri za nthawi imene tili nayo ndiponso zokhala ndi moyo wosatha. Mfumu Solomo inalemba kuti Mulungu “waika zamuyaya m’mitima yawo.” (Mlaliki 3:11) Zinthu zikamayenda bwino timafuna kukhala ndi moyo kosatha. Timafuna moyo wopanda mapeto. Koma palibe umboni uliwonse wosonyeza kuti nyama zimafuna zimenezi. Nyama siziganiza za m’tsogolo.

Ubongo wa Munthu Ungachite Zambiri

Sikuti anthu amangofuna kukhala ndi moyo wosatha, komanso ali ndi ubongo womwe ungathe kupitiriza kugwira ntchito kosatha. Zikuoneka kuti nzeru za munthu zotha kuphunzira zinthu zilibe malire. Anthu amanena kuti m’chilengedwe chonse palibe chinthu chimene chingafanane ndi ubongo wamunthu, chifukwa uli ndi zambiri ndipo pakakhala vuto suchedwa kudzikonza n’kukhalanso bwinobwino. Nzeru zathu n’zosiyana kwambiri ndi za nyama chifukwa choti timatha kuganizira zinthu mozama ndiponso kumvetsa zinthu zovuta kwambiri kuzifotokoza. Asayansi akudziwa zinthu zochepa chabe zokhudza zimene ubongo wa munthu ungathe kuchita.

Ubongo wathuwu umathabe kuchita zambiri ngakhale tikamakalamba. Asayansi ya zaubongo atulukira posachedwapa kuti ubongo umakhalabe wamphamvu munthu akamakalamba. Ofufuza zaubongo a m’bungwe lina (lotchedwa Franklin Institute’s Center for Innovation in Science Learning) analongosola kuti: “Ubongo wa munthu umatha kudzikonza wokha bwinobwino. Ngakhale munthu atakalamba, ubongo umapitirizabe kupanga maselo atsopano. Ngati ubongo ukuchepa mphamvu kwambiri munthu akamakalamba ndiye kuti munthuyo ali ndi matenda enaake. Ndiponso anthu okalamba amene sagwira ntchito kapena sachita zinthu zimene zimawapangitsa kuganiza kwambiri, nthawi zambiri ubongo wawo umafooka kapenanso amaiwalaiwala.”

Zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti titamagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ubongo wathu, ndipo ngati ulibe matenda aliwonse, ungathe kupitiriza kugwira ntchito mpaka kalekale. James Watson, yemwe ndi katswiri wa sayansi, amene anathandiza pa ntchito yotulukira maselo okhudza chibadwa cha munthu, anati: “Pazinthu zonse zimene tatulukira m’chilengedwechi, sitinatulukirepo chinthu chovuta kumvetsa ngati ubongo.” Buku lina lolembedwa ndi katswiri wa sayansi ya zaubongo, dzina lake Gerald Edelman, linafotokoza kuti gawo laling’ono kwambiri la ubongo, mwina lochepa ngati mutu wa machesi, “limakhala ndi minyewa yolumikizanalumikizana pafupifupi 1 biliyoni ndipo mutati muwerenge molumikizanamo mungathe kuferamo musanamalize n’komwe.”

Ndiyeno tikaganizira mphamvu zodabwitsa zimene zili muubongo wa munthuzi, kodi n’zomveka kuti anthu azikhala kwa zaka zochepa chabe n’kumwalira? Zimenezi n’zosamveka ayi, chifukwatu n’chimodzimodzi kukweza kamchenga kamodzi m’sitima yaitali ndiponso yamphamvu kwambiri n’kukakatsitsa sitimayo itangoyenda mtunda wosakwana n’komwe phazi limodzi. Nangano n’chifukwa chiyani anthu ali ndi ubongo wamphamvu zosaneneka choncho, wotha kuganiza mwaluso ndi kuphunzira zinthu zambiri zatsopano? Kodi si zoona kuti anthu, mosiyana  ndi nyama, analengedwa kuti asamafe, koma kuti akhale ndi moyo kosatha?

Tili ndi Chiyembekezo Chochokera kwa Mulungu Wopatsa Moyo

Tikaganizira kuti mwachibadwa timafuna kukhala ndi moyo ndipo titha kuphunzira zinthu zambiri zatsopano, timafika pa mfundo yakuti: Anthu analengedwa kuti azikhala ndi moyo zaka zambiri, osati zaka 70 kapena 80 zokha ayi. Mfundo imeneyi imatifikitsanso pa mfundo ina yakuti: Kunja kuno kuyenera kuti kuli amene anapanga zinthu, yemwe ndi Mlengi kapena Mulungu. Zamoyo zosawerengeka zomwe zili pa dziko pano komanso malamulo ambirimbiri osasinthika omwe ali m’chilengedwechi ndi umboni wosatsutsika wakuti kuli Mlengi.

Komano, ngati Mulungu anatilenga m’njira yoti tidzikhala ndi moyo kosatha, n’chifukwa chiyani timafa? Ndipo n’chiyani chimachitika munthu akafa? Kodi Mulungu ali ndi cholinga choukitsa akufa? Mulungu wanzeru ndiponso wamphamvu ayenera kupereka mayankho a mafunso amenewa ndipotu n’zimene wachita. Taganizirani izi:

▪ Mulungu sanalenge anthu kuti azifa. Tikaona nthawi yoyamba imene Baibulo linatchula imfa, timadziwa kuti sichinali cholinga cha Mulungu kuti anthu azifa. Nkhani imeneyi ili m’buku la Genesis ndipo imafotokoza kuti Mulungu anapatsa Adamu ndi Hava mayeso osavuta kuti akhale ndi mwayi wosonyeza kuti amamukonda ndiponso ndi okhulupirika. Mayeso ake anali owaletsa kuti asadye chipatso cha mtengo winawake. Mulungu anati: “Tsiku lomwe udzadya umenewo udzafa ndithu.” (Genesis 2:17) Adamu ndi Hava akanamvera Mulungu, sakanafa. Baibulo limasonyeza kuti iwo sanamvere ndipo sanakhulupirike kwa Mulungu, motero anafa. Umu ndi mmene anthu anakhalira opanda ungwiro n’kuyamba kufa.

▪ Baibulo limafanizira imfa ndi tulo. Mwachitsanzo, limatchula za ‘kugona tulo ta imfa.’ (Salmo 13:3) Asanaukitse Lazaro, yemwe anali mnzake, Yesu anauza atumwi ake kuti: “Bwenzi lathu Lazaro ali m’tulo akupumula, koma ndikupita kumeneko kukam’dzutsa ku tulo take.” Ndipo Yesu anachitadi zimenezi. Baibulo limati Yesu ataitana, “[Lazaro] amene anali wakufa uja anatuluka” ali wamoyo “kumanda a chikumbutsowo.”—Yohane 11:11, 38-44.

 N’chifukwa chiyani Yesu anafanizira imfa ndi tulo? N’chifukwa choti munthu akakhala m’tulo sachita kanthu. Munthu akagona tulo tofa nato, sadziwa chilichonse chimene chikuchitika ndipo sadziwa kuti patha nthawi yaitali motani. Samva ululu uliwonse ndipo savutika m’njira iliyonse. Umunso ndi mmene zimakhalira munthu akafa. Palibe chimene amadziwa kapena kuchita. Komatu kufanana kwa imfa ndi tulo sikuthera pamenepa. Munthu akakhala m’tulo timayembekezera kuti adzuka nthawi inayake. Ndipotu izi n’zimenenso Baibulo limanena kuti tiyenera kuyembekezera pa nkhani ya anthu akufa.

Mlengi weniweniyo analonjeza kuti: “Ku mphamvu ya kumanda, ndidzawawombola kuimfa. Imfa, miliri yako ili kuti? Manda, chiwonongeko chako chili kuti?” (Hoseya 13:14) Ulosi wina wa m’Baibulo umanena kuti Mulungu “[adzameza] imfa ku nthawi yonse; ndipo Ambuye Mulungu adzapukuta misozi pa nkhope zonse.” (Yesaya 25:8) Ntchito imeneyi yopatsanso moyo anthu amene anafa imatchedwa kuti kuukitsa akufa.

▪ Kodi anthu amene adzaukitsidwe adzakhala kuti? Monga tanenera kale, mwachibadwa anthu amafuna kukhala ndi moyo kosatha. Kodi inuyo mungafune kukhala ndi moyo kosatha kuti? Kodi mungasangalale kuti mutafa mukakhale ndi moyo kwinakwake monga mzimu mogwirizana ndi mmene zipembedzo zina zimaphunzitsira? Kapena kodi mungakonde kudzakhala ndi moyo monga munthu wina, popanda kukumbukira moyo wanu wa panopo? Kapenanso kodi mungakonde kuti mudzabadwenso monga nyama inayake kapena mudzamere monga mtengo? Mutapatsidwa mwayi woti musankhe nokha, kodi mungasankhe kukhala ndi moyo wosiyaniratu ndi umene anthufe timakhala nawo, wopanda ngakhale chimodzi mwa zinthu zimene timasangalala nazo?

Zinthu zonse zitakhala bwinobwino, kodi simungasangalale kukhala ndi moyo wosatha m’paradaiso padziko lapansi? Zimenezitu n’zimene Baibulo limalonjeza. Mulungu analenga dziko lapansi ndi cholinga chimenechi, kuti mukhale anthu oti azimukonda ndi kumutumikira mosangalala kosatha. N’chifukwa chaketu Baibulo limati: “Olungama adzalandira dziko lapansi, nadzakhala momwemo kosatha.”—Salmo 37:29; Yesaya 45:18; 65:21-24.

▪ Kodi akufa adzaukitsidwa liti? Popeza kuti Baibulo limafanizira imfa ndi tulo, zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti si nthawi zonse pamene munthu amaukitsidwa nthawi yomwe wafayo. Munthu akafa amakhala ngati ali m’tulo mpaka itafika nthawi yodzaukitsidwa. M’Baibulo, Yobu anafunsa kuti: “Atafa munthu, adzakhalanso ndi  moyo kodi?” Ndiye Yobu yemweyo anayankha kuti: “Ndikadayembekeza [m’manda] masiku onse a nkhondo yanga, mpaka kwafika kusandulika kwanga. [Mulungu] mukadaitana, ndipo ndikadakuyankhani.” (Yobu 14:14, 15) Zidzakhala zosangalatsa kwabasi pamene anthu akufa adzaukitsidwa n’kuonananso ndi abale awo.

Palibe Chifukwa Choopera Kwambiri Imfa

Ngakhale kuti Baibulo limalonjeza kuti akufa adzauka, timaopabe imfa. Mwachibadwa timaopa tikaganizira za ululu ndiponso chisoni chimene timakhala nacho imfa ikachitika. Motero m’pomveka kuopa mukaganizira zakuti wokondedwa wanu angathe kufa. Komanso palibe chilichonse cholakwika ngati mumaopa kufa poganizira mavuto amene angabwere kwa otsala.

Komabe, Baibulo limatithandiza kuti tisamaope kwambiri imfa chifukwa limatiuza zimene zimachitikadi munthu akafa. Palibe chifukwa choopera imfa poganiza kuti tidzazunzidwa ndi ziwanda kumoto. Palibenso chifukwa choopera kuti tikafa tidzapita kudziko la midima komwe kumakhala mizimu yokhayokha. Ndipo simuyenera kuopa kuti mukangofa, basi ndiye kuti moyo wanu wonse wathera pomwepo; simudzakhalakonso mpaka kalekale. N’chifukwa chiyani simuyenera kuopa? N’chifukwa choti Mulungu saiwala chinthu chilichonse, ndipo akulonjeza kuti adzaukitsa anthu onse amene akufuna kuwaukitsa. Baibulo limatsimikizira mfundo imeneyi ponena kuti: “Mulungu akhala kwa ife Mulungu wa chipulumutso; ndipo Yehova Ambuye ali nazo zopulumutsira kuimfa.”—Salmo 68:20.

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 5]

“Chifukwa kuti ndiwe fumbi, ndi kufumbiko udzabwerera.”—Genesis 3:19

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 6]

“[Mulungu] waika zamuyaya m’mitima yawo.”—Mlaliki 3:11

[Bokosi/Chithunzi patsamba 8]

MAYANKHO A MAFUNSO ANU OKHUDZA IMFA

N’zoona kuti nkhanizi, sizinayankhe mafunso onse okhudza imfa ndi kuuka kwa akufa. Anthu ambiri apeza mayankho ogwira mtima a mafunso amenewa pophunzira Baibulo ndi Mboni za Yehova. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti nanunso muchite zomwezo. Mafunso otsatirawa ndi ena chabe mwa mafunso amene mungapeze mayankho ake:

▪ Kodi mawu a m’Baibulo akuti “gehena” ndi “nyanja yamoto” amatanthauza chiyani?

▪ Ngati kulibe moto, nanga anthu oipa adzalangidwa bwanji?

▪ Baibulo limasonyeza kuti mzimu umachoka m’thupi munthu akafa. Ndiyeno kodi mzimu umenewu n’chiyani?

▪ Nanga n’chifukwa chiyani timamva nkhani zambirimbiri zakuti ena alankhula ndi akufa?

▪ Kodi mawu akuti “mzimu” amatanthauzanso chiyani m’Baibulo?

▪ Kodi akufa adzaukitsidwa liti kuti adzakhale m’paradaiso padziko lapansi?

▪ Kodi akufa onse adzaukitsidwa mosaganizira zimene amachita ali moyo?

Onani tsamba lotsiriza la magazini ino kuti mudziwe mmene mungapezere mayankho omveka bwino ochokera m’Baibulo a mafunso amenewa.

[Chithunzi patsamba 7]

Yesu anati ‘akam’dzutsa Lazaro ku tulo take’

[Chithunzi patsamba 9]

Taganizirani mmene anthu adzasangalalire okondedwa awo akamadzaukitsidwa