Kodi Mungatani Kuti Mwana Wanu Asanenepe Kwambiri?

M’MAYIKO ambiri muli ana onenepa mopitirira muyeso. Bungwe Loona za Umoyo pa Dziko Lonse limati mwina padziko lonse pali ana 22 miliyoni osapitirira zaka zisanu, omwe ndi onenepa kwambiri.

Kafukufuku wina amene anachitikira ku Spain anasonyeza kuti mwana mmodzi pa atatu alionse m’dzikolo ndi onenepa kwambiri. Pazaka 10 zokha, (kuchokera mu 1985 mpaka 1995), chiwerengero cha ana onenepa kwambiri chinawonjezereka katatu ku Australia. Zaka 30 zapitazi, chiwerengero cha ana onenepa kwambiri a zaka 6 mpaka 11 chawonjezerekanso kwambiri ku United States.

Ana onenepa kwambiri akupezekanso ngakhale m’mayiko osauka. Bungwe lina lomwe ntchito yake ndi kuthana ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri, linafotokoza kuti m’madera ena a ku Africa kuno muli ana ambiri onenepa kuposa chiwerengero cha ana osowa zakudya zokwanira. Mu 2007, dziko la Mexico linakhala lachiwiri ku dziko la United States pa mayiko omwe ali ndi ana ochuluka onenepa kwambiri. Akuti ana ndiponso achinyamata 70 pa 100 alionse a mu mzinda wa Mexico City ndi onenepa kwambiri. Dokotala wina wa ana dzina lake Dr. Francisco González anati ana amenewa “akhoza kufa msanga kuposa makolo awo.”

Kodi ndi mavuto ati omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kunenepa? Mavuto ena ndi matenda ashuga, othamanga magazi ndiponso amtima. Poyamba anthu ankaganiza kuti matenda amenewa ndi a anthu achikulire okha. Bungwe lina lopereka malangizo pankhani ya zaumoyo linanena kuti anyamata 30 pa 100 aliwonse ndiponso atsikana 40 pa 100 aliwonse amene anabadwa m’chaka cha 2000 ku United States, akhoza kudzadwala matenda ashuga amene amayamba chifukwa chonenepa kwambiri.

Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti chiwerengero cha ana onenepa kwambiri chikuwonjezereka mochititsa mantha kwambiri. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, chiwerengero cha ana odwala matenda othamanga magazi chikuwonjezerekanso. Dokotala wa pasukulu ina yophunzitsa madokotala, mumzinda wa Atlanta ku Georgia, dzina lake Dr. Rebecca Din-Dzietham, anachenjeza kuti: “Chiwerengero cha achinyamata ndi achikulire odwala matenda a mtima chikwera kwambiri ngati sipapezeka njira yochepetsera chiwerengero cha ana odwala nthenda yothamanga magazi.”

Chimene Chimayambitsa Vutoli

Kodi n’chiyani chikuchititsa kuti padziko lonse pakhale ana ochuluka onenepa kwambiri? Ngakhale kuti ana ena amanenepa kwambiri potengera makolo awo, zikusonyeza kuti pali zifukwa zinanso zomwe zikuchititsa kuti masiku ano ana azinenepa kwambiri. Dokotala wina wa payunivesite ya Cambridge ku England, dzina lake Stephen O’Rahilly anati: “Palibe chimene chikusonyeza kuti chiwerengero cha anthu onenepa kwambiri chikuwonjezereka chifukwa cha chibadwa.”

Ponena zimene zikuchititsa vutoli, madokotala a pachipatala cha Mayo ku United States anati: “Ngakhale kuti ana ena akunenepa kwambiri potengera makolo awo, ana ambiri akunenepa chifukwa chodya kwambiri ndiponso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.” Zitsanzo zotsatirazi zikusonyeza mmene anthu asinthira pankhani ya kadyedwe.

Choyamba, makolo amene ali pantchito  amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa ndipo amatopa kwambiri moti amalephera kuphika zakudya. Chifukwa cha zimenezi amangokagula chakudya chophikaphika. Kafukufuku wina anafotokoza kuti kuposa theka la ana onse ku United States a zaka 4 mpaka 19 amakagula chakudya chophikaphika tsiku lililonse. Chakudya chimenechi chimakhala ndi shuga ndiponso mafuta ambiri komanso chimakhala chambiri.

Chachiwiri, anthu akukonda kwambiri zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi kuposa mkaka ndi madzi. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ambiri ku Mexico amawononga ndalama zambiri chaka chilichonse pogula zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, kuposa zimene amawononga pa zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Buku lina linafotokoza kuti munthu atamamwa mabotolo awiri a zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi patsiku, potha chaka angawonjezere kulemera kwake ndi makilogalamu 12.

Ponena za kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kafukufuku amene anachitika ku yunivesite ya Glasgow ku Scotland anapeza kuti ana a zaka zitatu “amachita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi 20 zokha patsiku.” Pothirira ndemanga za kafukufuku ameneyu, pulofesa wina wa payunivesite ya Colorado, Dr. James Hill anati: “Ana ambiri ku U.K. sachita masewera olimbitsa thupi monga mmene zililinso ndi ana ambiri padziko lonse.”

Kodi Mungatani Pothana Ndi Vutoli?

Madokotala salimbikitsa makolo kuletsa kwambiri ana awo zakudya zina chifukwa zingachititse kuti asakule bwino ndiponso kuti akhale ndi thanzi lofooka. Chipatala cha Mayo chinati: “Njira yabwino kwambiri kuti ana asanenepe kwambiri ndi kuphika zakudya zabwino ndiponso kulimbikitsa banja lonse kuti lizichita masewera olimbitsa thupi.”—Onani bokosi lakuti “Zimene Makolo Angachite.”

Gwirizanani ndi banja lanu kuti muzidya zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndiponso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mukamachita zimenezi ana anu adzazolowera ndipo azidzachitabe zimenezi akadzakula.

[Bokosi/Chithunzi patsamba 28]

ZIMENE MAKOLO ANGACHITE

1 Muzigula ndi kupatsa banja lanu zipatso ndiponso ndiwo zamasamba m’malo mogula chakudya chophikaphika.

2 Musamakonde zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, zotsekemera kwambiri ndiponso zakudya zamafuta kwambiri. M’malomwake patsani banja lanu madzi kapena mkaka wopanda mafuta ambiri ndi zakudya zina zopatsa thanzi.

3 Muziphika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zimene sizifuna mafuta ambiri monga kuwiritsa m’malo mokazinga m’mafuta.

4 Musapatse ana anu chakudya chambiri.

5 Musamapatse ana anu chakudya ngati mphatso kapena powanyengerera kuti achite zinazake.

6 Musamalole kuti ana anu azizemba kudya chakudya cha m’mawa chifukwa zimachititsa kuti mwana azidya kwambiri akapeza chakudya.

7 Muzikhala patebulo mukamadya. Kudya mukuonera TV kapena muli pakompyuta kumachititsa kuti munthu asadziwe msanga kuti wakhuta.

8 Muzilimbikitsa ana anu kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi monga kukwera njinga, kusewera mpira ndiponso kudumpha chingwe.

9 Muzichepetsa nthawi imene mwana wanu amaonera TV, kugwiritsa ntchito kompyuta ndiponso kuchita masewera a pakompyuta.

10 Muzikonza zoti banja lanu lipite koyenda ngati kokaona zinyama, kokasambira kapena ku paki.

11 Muzipatsa ana anu ntchito zofuna mphamvu.

12 Muzisonyeza chitsanzo chabwino pankhani ya kadyedwe ndiponso masewera olimbitsa thupi.

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Mfundozi zachokera ku The National Institutes of Health ndiponso ku chipatala cha Mayo