Mzinda wa Plovdiv ndi Wakale Kwambiri

YAMBANI

Mzinda wa Plovdiv ndi Wakale Kwambiri

YOLEMBEDWA KU BULGARIA

MZINDA wa Plovdiv ndi wakale kwambiri kuposa mizinda ya Rome, Carthage, kapenanso Constantinople. Mzindawu, womwe uli kum’mwera chapakati m’dziko la Bulgaria, uli ndi mapiri 7 ndipo uli ndi anthu pafupifupi 350,000.

Mukamayenda m’misewu yakale ya m’mzindawu, mumaona zinthu zambiri zimene zimasonyeza kuti mzindawu unali wapamwamba komanso unkalamulidwa ndi mayiko osiyanasiyana. Mungaone nyumba zokongola zimene zinamangidwa ndi anthu amphamvu a ku Thrace, omwe ankakhala mumzindawu m’zaka za m’ma 300 B.C.E. Mungaonenso zipilala zomangidwa ndi anthu a ku Greece, mabwalo amasewero omangidwa ndi anthu a ku Rome, ndiponso mizikiti yomangidwa ndi anthu a ku Turkey.

“Mzinda Wokongola Kwambiri Kuposa Mizinda Yonse”

Akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zakale anapeza kuti anthu anayamba kukhala mumzindawu chaka cha 1000 B.C.E chisanafike. Katswiri wa mbiri yakale wa ku Roma, dzina lake Ammianus Marcellinus, analemba kuti chaka cha 300 B.C.E chisanafike, ku Plovdiv kunali tawuni yotchedwa Eumolpias, yomwe inamangidwa ndi anthu a ku Thrace. M’chaka cha 342 B.C.E., tawuni ya Eumolpias inagonjetsedwa ndi Philip Wachiwiri wa ku Macedonia, yemwe anali bambo ake a Alexander Wamkulu. Philip anasintha dzina la mzindawu n’kukhala Philippopolis.

Ufumu wakale wa Roma utalanda mzindawu mu 46 C.E, anaupatsa dzina lakuti Trimontium, ndipo unakhala likulu la dziko la Thrace. Anthu a ku Roma ankafunitsitsa kulamulirabe mzindawu chifukwa chakuti munali msewu wofunika kwambiri wotchedwa Via Diagonalis, womwe ankadutsamo popita ku mayiko a m’chigawo cha ku Balkan. Anthu a ku Roma anamanganso bwalo la masewera, malo osambiramo, ndi nyumba zina zosiyanasiyana.

Munthu wina wolemba mabuku wa ku Greece, yemwe ankadziwika kuti Lucian wa ku Samosata, anafotokoza za kukongola kwa mzindawu, umene unali pakati pa mapiri atatu m’mphepete mwa mapiri a Rhodope. (Onani bokosi lakuti “Mzinda wa Mapiri 7,” patsamba 18.) Mzindawu unali pafupi ndi mtsinje wa Maritsa komanso chigwa cha Thrace, chomwe ndi cha chonde kwambiri. Lucian analemba kuti mzinda wa Trimontium unali “waukulu komanso wokongola kwambiri kuposa mizinda yonse.”

Ufumu wa Roma utatha, anthu achisilavo anayamba kukhala mumzindawu. Patapita nthawi, Akhristu anagonjetsa mzindawu kanayi. Kenako, anthu a ku Turkey analanda mzindawu m’zaka za m’ma 1300 ndipo zinthu zambiri zinasintha. Anasintha dzina la mzindawu kukhala Philibé, ndipo anapitiriza kuulamulira mpaka mu 1878. Mzikiti wa Jumaia, womwe unali ndi nsanja yaitali komanso wotchi yoyendera dzuwa, ulipobe panopa mumzindawu ndipo umatikumbutsa za nthawi imeneyo.

Asilikali a dziko la Russia atagonjetsa dziko la Turkey mu 1878, dzina la mzindawu linasintha n’kukhala Plovdiv. Mzindawu unatukuka kwambiri kuyambira mu 1892, pamene kunachitikira chionetsero cha zamalonda. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyi, mzinda wa Plovdiv unakhala likulu la zamalonda ku Bulgaria. Panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, mzindawu unali m’manja mwa asilikali a Nazi, omwe anaulamulira mpaka pamene anagonjetsedwa ndi asilikali a Soviet Union mu 1944. Dziko la Soviet Union linasiya kulamulira mzindawu mu 1989, pamene ulamuliro wake unatha. Anthu ena amene ankalamulira Plovdiv mwina ankayesetsa kuchita zinthu mwachilungamo, komabe zinthu sizinkayenda bwino chifukwa ulamuliro wa munthu ndi wolephera.

Uthenga Wabwino Unafika ku Plovdiv

Mu 1938, bungwe lotchedwa Nabludatelna Kula (Watch Tower) linakhazikitsidwa ku Plovdiv. Bungweli linkapanga ndi kufalitsa Mabaibulo ndiponso mabuku onena za Baibulo ku Bulgaria. Mu 1960, Mboni za Yehova zinayamba kulalikira anthu a ku Plovdiv uthenga wabwino wonena za boma labwino lakumwamba, ngakhale kuti boma linkapondereza ntchitoyi. (Mateyo 24:14) Anthu ena anayamba kulabadira uthengawu. Panopa ku Plovdiv kuli anthu 200 amene akulengeza za Yehova. Anthu amenewa ali m’mipingo iwiri ya Mboni za Yehova.

Zambiri mwa Mbonizi ndi za ku Bulgaria komweko. Koma zina ndi zochokera ku mayiko ena monga America, Britain, Canada, Italy, Moldova ndi enanso. Zimenezi si zachilendo chifukwa kuyambira kale kwambiri mzinda wa Plovdiv wakhala ukulamuliridwa ndi mayiko ambiri. Mboni za Yehova zimenezi zimauza anthu kuti m’tsogolomu dzikoli lidzalamulidwa ndi boma labwino kwambiri. Panthawi imeneyo anthu onse a padziko lapansi, osati a ku Plovdiv okha, adzakhala pamtendere, “munthu yense patsinde pa mpesa wake, ndi patsinde pa mkuyu wake; ndipo sipadzakhala wakuwawopsa.”—Mika 4:4.

[Bokosi/Chithunzi patsamba 18]

“MZINDA WA MAPIRI 7”

Mlendo angavutike kudziwa kumene kuli mapiri 7 a mu mzinda wa Plovdiv. Zaka 100 zapitazo, phiri limodzi lotchedwa Markovo, linagumulidwa pamene mzindawo umakula. Choncho panopa ku Plovdiv kunatsala mapiri 6, omwe ndi chikumbutso cha mbiri ya mzindawu.

Alendo akangofika ku Plovdiv amaona mapiri atatu a Bunardjik, Sahat ndiponso Djendem. Phiri lomalizali analipatsa dzina limeneli ndi anthu a ku Turkey chifukwa chakuti paphiripo anamangapo chipilala chomwe chili ndi wotchi. Mzinda wa Plovdiv, womwe Aroma ankautchula kuti Trimontium uli ndi mapiri atatu a Djambaz, Taksim, ndi Nebet. Pamapiri atatuwa, phiri la Taksim ndi lomwe lili lalikulu komanso lalitali kwambiri. Dzina lakuti Nebet, ndi la Chitheki ndipo limatanthauza “Phiri la Alonda.”

Mutayenda mu mzinda wa Trimontium, mungakumbukire mzinda wakale wa Plovdiv. Mungaone mabwinja ndiponso makoma a mzinda wa Philippopolis, komanso bwalo la masewera la Aroma lomwe likugwirabe ntchito masiku ano. Mungachitenso chidwi ndi nyumba zakale zomwe zinamangidwa panthawi imene anthu a ku Bulgaria ankafuna ufulu wodzilamulira, zaka za m’ma 1700 mpaka 1800.

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

[Mapu patsamba 16]

(Onani m’magazini yeniyeni kuti mumvetse izi)

BULGARIA

SOFIA

Plovdiv

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 17]

GALAMUKANI!