Kodi Mungatani Kuti Muchepetse Vuto Lochita Chibwibwi?

“Ndikangochita chibwibwi kamodzi, ndimayamba kuchita mantha, ndipo kenako ndimachita chibwibwi kwambiri. Zimangokhala ngati ndagwera m’dzenje momwe sindingathe kutulukamo. Nthawi ina ndinapita kwa dokotala wa maganizo kuti akandithandize, koma iye anandiuza kuti vuto langa lingachepe ngati nditapeza chibwenzi n’kumagona nacho. Iye anandiuza kuti zimenezi zingandithandize kuti ndisamadziderere. Ndinakhumudwa kwambiri ndipo sindinapitekonso. Ndimangofuna kuti anthu azindimvetsa.”—Anatero Rafael, wazaka 32.

TAGANIZIRANI kuti kungofunsa mtengo wa basi kokha kumakuchititsani mantha kwambiri ndiponso pamene mukulankhula mumabwereza mawu amodzimodzi omwewo kangapo. Zimenezi n’zimene zimachitikira anthu pafupifupi 60 miliyoni omwe ali ndi chibwibwi padziko lonse. Chiwerengero chimenechi chikusonyeza kuti munthu mmodzi pa 100 alionse padzikoli ali ndi chibwibwi. Nthawi zambiri anthu amenewa amanyozedwa komanso kusalidwa. Nthawi zinanso amatengedwa kuti ndi anthu opanda nzeru chifukwa akamalankhula amasankha mawu okhawo amene angawatchule mosavuta n’kusiya mawu ovuta kutchula.

Kodi chimayambitsa vutoli n’chiyani? Kodi vutoli lingathe? Kodi munthu wachibwibwi angachite chiyani kuti achepetse vutoli? Nanga kodi ena angamuthandize bwanji munthu amene ali ndi chibwibwi? *

Kodi Chimayambitsa Vutoli N’chiyani?

Kale anthu ena ankakhulupirira kuti mizimu yoipa ndi imene imayambitsa chibwibwi. Kenako patapita nthawi anthu anayamba kuganiza kuti lilime ndi limene limachititsa chibwibwi. Ndiye kodi mankhwala ake anali otani? Ankatentha lilime la munthuyo ndi chitsulo chamoto kapena kulithira tsabola. Patapita zaka zambiri, madokotala anayamba kudula mitsempha ya lilime la munthu wachibwibwiyo. Koma zinthu zankhanza zonsezi sizinathandize kuti anthu achibwibwi azilankhula bwinobwino.

Anthu ochita kafukufuku amati pali zinthu zambiri zimene zimayambitsa chibwibwi. Nthawi zina munthu amachita chibwibwi chifukwa chakuti ali ndi zochita zambiri ndipo akuona kuti sangakwanitse kuzichita panthawi yake. Ena amachita chibwibwi chifukwa anayamwira kuchokera kwa makolo awo. Ndipotu pafupifupi anthu 60 pa 100 aliwonse amene amachita chibwibwi amakhala kuti ali ndi wachibale wawo amene alinso ndi chibwibwi. Komanso anthu ochita kafukufuku apeza kuti anthu achibwibwi akamalankhula, ubongo wawo umagwira ntchito mosiyana ndi anthu opanda chibwibwi. Dokotala wina, dzina lake Nathan Lavid, analemba m’buku lake kuti anthu ena achibwibwi “amayamba kulankhula ubongo wawo usanawauze mmene angalankhulire.”—Understanding Stuttering. *

Choncho, chifukwa chachikulu chimene chimachititsa anthu chibwibwi si vuto la maganizo, ngati momwe ena ankaganizira poyamba. Buku lina linati: “Zimene munthu amakhulupirira sizimuchititsa kuti achite chibwibwi kapena ayi. Choncho, munthu sangasiye kuchita chibwibwi chifukwa chongomulimbikitsa kuti akhoza kusiya.” Komabe, chibwibwi  chikhoza kuyambitsa vuto la maganizo. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amene amachita chibwibwi angaope kuchita zinthu zina, monga kulankhula pagulu kapena pafoni.

Kodi Vutoli Lingachepe Bwanji?

N’zochititsa chidwi kuti anthu achibwibwi nthawi zambiri amatha kuimba, kunong’ona, kulankhula okha, kulankhula ndi ziweto zawo, kulankhulira limodzi mawu enaake ndi anzawo, komanso kuyerekezera mawu a anthu ena popanda kuchita chibwibwi kwenikweni. Ndiponso ana 80 pa 100 alionse amene amabadwa ndi chibwibwi amatha kuyamba kulankhula bwinobwino popanda kuwapatsa mankhwala aliwonse. Nanga kodi ana amene vuto lawo limapitirira angathandizidwe bwanji?

Masiku ano madokotala ali ndi njira zawo zimene amagwiritsa ntchito pothandiza anthu achibwibwi kuti azilankhula bwinobwino. Njira zina zimafuna kuti munthu wachibwibwi asamaumitse nsagwada, milomo ndi lilime komanso kuti azipuma mokoka mpweya wambiri. Anthu amene ali ndi vutoli amathanso kuphunzitsidwa kuti akamalankhula azikoka mpweya wochepa n’kumautulutsa pang’onopang’ono. Amaphunzitsidwanso kuti mawu ena aziwanena mwapang’onopang’ono. M’kupita kwa nthawi amatha kutchula mawu onse bwinobwino.

Kuphunzira luso limeneli kumatenga nthawi yochepa koma kuti munthu athe kuligwiritsa ntchito panthawi imene wapanikizika amafunika kuyeserera kambirimbiri.

HKodi mwana amene ali ndi vuto la chibwibwi muyenera kuyamba liti kumuphunzitsa? Kodi ndi bwino kudikira kaye kuti muone ngati vutoli lingathe lokha? Kafukufuku wina anasonyeza kuti pafupifupi ana 20 pa 100 aliwonse amene amabadwa ndi vutoli, amatha kulankhula bwinobwino akamafika zaka zisanu. Buku lina linati: “Mwana yemwe anabadwa ndi chibwibwi amatha kuyamba kulankhula bwinobwino popanda kuphunzitsidwa akamafika zaka 6. Choncho, ana amene ali ndi chibwibwi ayenera kuonana ndi dokotala wodziwa za vutoli mwamsanga.” Nanga bwanji ana 20 pa 100 aliwonse omwe amapitirizabe kuchita chibwibwi mpaka kukula? Ambiri mwa anthu amenewa amayamba kulankhula bwinobwino akapatsidwa thandizo lakuchipatala. *

Musamade Nkhawa

Katswiri wina wa zilankhulo, dzina lake Robert  Quesal, yemwe nayenso amachita chibwibwi, ananena kuti kulankhula bwinobwino nthawi zonse n’kovuta kwa anthu ambiri amene ali ndi vutoli. Rafael, yemwe tamutchula kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyi, vuto lake silinatheretu, ngakhale kuti panopa amayesako kulankhula bwinobwino. Iye anati: “Ndimachita chibwibwi kwambiri ndikafuna kuwerenga kapena kulankhula pagulu ndiponso ndikakhala limodzi ndi mtsikana yemwe ndakopeka naye. M’mbuyomu ndinkaganizira kwambiri za vuto langali chifukwa anthu ankandiseka. Koma posachedwapa ndayamba kuyesetsa kuona kuti ndi mmene ineyo ndilili ndipo nthawi zambiri sindimakhumudwa nazo. Panopa ndikalephera kutchula mawu enaake, ndimadziseka ndipo kenako ndimapitiriza kulankhula.”

Zimene Rafael ananena zikugwirizana ndi zimene bungwe lina la ku America lothandiza anthu achibwibwi linanena. Bungweli linati: “Kuti munthu athetse chibwibwi, chofunika kwambiri n’kuchotsa mantha.”—The Stuttering Foundation of America.

Anthu ambiri amene ali ndi vuto la chibwibwi amatha kukhalabe ndi moyo wosangalala. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ena otchuka kwambiri monga katswiri wa sayansi Sir Isaac Newton, nduna yaikulu ya ku Britain Winston Churchill komanso katswiri wa mafilimu wa ku America James Stewart, anali ndi chibwibwi. Anthu ena achibwibwi akwanitsa kuphunzira zinthu zina zosafuna luso lolankhula monga kugwiritsa ntchito chida choimbira, kujambula zithunzi kapenanso kuphunzira chinenero chamanja. Ife amene timalankhula bwinobwino tiyenera kuzindikira kuti anzathu amene ali ndi chibwibwi amayesetsa kuti azilankhula popanda kuchita chibwibwi, choncho ndi bwino tiziwalimbikitsa ndiponso kuwathandiza mmene tingathere.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Bokosi/Chithunzi patsamba 13]

KODI MUNGAMUTHANDIZE BWANJI MUNTHU WACHIBWIBWI?

● Muzimumvetsera moleza mtima. Anthu ambiri masiku ano amatanganidwa kwambiri moti sakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira yomvetsera munthu amene akuvutika kulankhula.

● M’malo momuuza kuti azilankhula pang’onopang’ono, yambani ndinu kulankhula pang’onopang’ono. Muzimumvetsera popanda kumudula mawu ndipo muzidikira kuti amalize musanamuyankhe.

● Muzipewa kumudzudzula komanso kumukonza akalakwitsa. Muzisonyeza kuti muli ndi chidwi ndi zimene akulankhula, osati mmene akuzilankhulira. Nkhope komanso zolankhula zanu zingasonyeze zimenezi.

● Simuyenera kudabwa kwambiri mukaona kuti munthu wina akuchita chibwibwi. Kumumwetulira komanso nthawi zina kumuuza kuti mumadziwa vuto lake kungamuthandize kuti azikhala womasuka. Mukhoza kumuuza kuti: “Tonse nthawi zina timavutika kunena bwinobwino zimene tikufuna.”

● Chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti muzimusonyeza kuti mumamumvetsa ndipo mumadziwa kuti ndi mmene alili.

[Bokosi/Chithunzi patsamba 14]

“VUTO LANGA LINAYAMBA KUCHEPA PANG’ONOPANG’ONO”

Víctor, yemwe anali ndi vuto la chibwibwi kwa zaka zambiri panthawi yomwe banja lake linali pamavuto aakulu, anakwanitsa kuthetsa vuto lakelo popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Iye ndi wa Mboni za Yehova, choncho analowa nawo mu Sukulu ya Utumiki wa Mulungu yomwe imachitika mlungu ndi mlungu mumpingo uliwonse wa Mboni za Yehova. Ngakhale kuti cholinga cha sukuluyi si kuthandiza anthu amene ali ndi vuto lolankhula, imathandizabe anthu kuti awonjezere luso lawo lolankhula ndiponso kuti asamachite mantha.

Buku lomwe amagwiritsa ntchito ndi lakuti Pindulani ndi Sukulu ya Utumiki wa Mulungu. Pamutu wakuti “Kuthana ndi Chibwibwi,” bukuli limati: “M’pofunika kulimbikira. . . . Ngati mwapatsidwa nkhani yokakamba, konzekerani bwinobwino. Ikani mtima wonse m’nkhani yanu. . . . Ngati muyamba kuchita chibwibwi m’kati mwa nkhani, yesetsani kulankhula modekha ndi kukhazika mtima pansi. Masulani nyama za m’nsagwada. Nenani masentensi afupiafupi. Yesani kuchepetsa mawu akuti ‘mm’ ndi ‘ee.’”

Kodi sukuluyi inamuthandiza Víctor? Iye anati: “Ndinayamba kuganizira kwambiri zimene ndikufuna kunena osati mmene ndingazinenere. Kuchita zimenezi kumandithandiza kuiwala kuti ndili ndi vuto la chibwibwi. Ndipo ndinkakonzekera kwa nthawi yaitali. Kenako vuto langa linayamba kuchepa pang’onopang’ono.”