1. Tikamaganizira chikhulupiriro cha Abulahamu, kodi tingadzifunse funso liti?

 NGAKHALE kuti anthu ambiri anamvapo zokhudza Abulahamu, amadziwa zochepa zokhudza iye. Komabe inu mumadziwa zambiri zokhudza Abulahamu. Mwachitsanzo, mumadziwa kuti iye amatchedwa “bambo wa onse . . . amene ali ndi chikhulupiriro.” (Aroma 4:11) Ndiye mwina mungadzifunse kuti, ‘Kodi inenso ndingamakhulupirire kwambiri Yehova ngati mmene Abulahamu anachitira?’ Inde n’zotheka.

2. N’chifukwa chiyani n’zofunika kuphunzira chitsanzo cha Abulahamu? (Yakobo 2:​22, 23)

² Njira imodzi yomwe tingakhalire ndi chikhulupiriro ngati Abulahamu, ndi kuphunzira pa chitsanzo chake. Mulungu atamulamula, Abulahamu anasamukira kutali ndi dziko lakwawo, ankakhala m’matenti komanso anali wofunitsitsa kupereka mwana wake Isaki ngati nsembe. Zimene anachitazo zinasonyeza kuti iye ankakhulupirira kwambiri Yehova. Chikhulupiriro komanso ntchito zake zinachititsa kuti Yehova azisangalala naye komanso akhale mnzake. (Werengani Yakobo 2:22, 23.) Yehova amafuna kuti tonsefe, kuphatikizapo inuyo, tikhale naye pa ubwenzi. Choncho iye anauzira Paulo ndi Yakobo kuti alembe m’Baibulo chitsanzo cha Abulahamu. Tiyeni tikambirane chitsanzo chakechi mogwirizana ndi zimene timawerenga mu Aroma chaputala 4 ndi Yakobo chaputala 2. M’machaputala awiri onsewa, muli mfundo yofunika kwambiri yokhudza Abulahamu.

3. Kodi Paulo ndi Yakobo analemba zofanana ndi zomwe zili palemba liti?

³ Onse awiri, Paulo ndi Yakobo, analemba zofanana ndi zimene timawerenga pa Genesis 15:6, pomwe pamati: “[Abulahamu] anakhulupirira zimene Yehova anamuuza, ndipo Mulunguyo anamuona kuti ndi wolungama.” Yehova amaona kuti munthu ndi wolungama  kapena kuti wopanda cholakwa ngati akuyesetsa kuchita zomusangalatsa. N’zochititsa chidwi kuti munthu wochimwa, yemwe si wangwiro, angaonedwe ndi Mulungu monga wopanda cholakwa. N’zoonekeratu kuti inunso mumafuna kuti Mulungu azikuonani choncho, ndipo n’zotheka. Tsopano tiyeni tione zimene zinachititsa kuti Mulungu aziona Abulahamu monga wolungama komanso zimene ifeyo tingachite kuti azitiona choncho.

4. Kodi n’chiyani chimachititsa kuti anthu asakhale olungama?

⁴ M’kalata imene analembera Akhristu a ku Roma, Paulo ananena kuti anthu onse ndi ochimwa. (Aroma 3:23) Ndiye kodi munthu angatani kuti Mulungu azisangalala naye n’kumamuona kuti ndi wolungama? Pofuna kuthandiza Akhristu kupeza yankho la funsoli, Paulo anafotokoza chitsanzo cha Abulahamu.

5. Kodi n’chiyani chinachititsa kuti Yehova azimuona Abulahamu monga wolungama? (Aroma 4:​2, 4)

⁵ Abulahamu ankakhala ku Kanani pamene Yehova anamutchula kuti anali wolungama. N’chifukwa chiyani iye ananena kuti Abulahamu anali wolungama? Kodi n’chifukwa chakuti iye ankatsatira malamulo omwe anali m’Chilamulo cha Mose? Ayi. (Aroma 4:13) Pajatu Yehova anapereka Chilamulo kwa Aisiraeli patatha zaka zoposa 400 kuchokera pamene ananena kuti Abulahamu anali wolungama. Ndiye kodi n’chiyani chinachititsa Yehova kuti azimuona monga wolungama? Chifukwa cha kukoma mtima kwake kwakukulu, Yehova ananena kuti Abulahamu anali wolungama chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro chake.—Werengani Aroma 4:​2-4.

6. Kodi n’chiyani chimene chimachititsa kuti Yehova aziona munthu wochimwa kuti ndi wolungama?

⁶ Paulo anapitiriza kufotokoza kuti ngati munthu amakhulupirira Mulungu, ‘Mulunguyo amamuona kukhala wolungama.’ (Aroma 4:5) Paulo anawonjezera kuti: “Davide ananena za munthu wosangalala amene Mulungu amamuona kuti ndi wolungama ngakhale kuti zimene wachita sizikugwirizana kwenikweni ndi Chilamulo. Iye anati: ‘Osangalala ndi anthu amene akhululukidwa zochita zawo zosamvera malamulo ndipo machimo awo akhululukidwa. Wosangalala ndi munthu amene Yehova sadzawerengera tchimo lake.’” (Aroma 4:​6-8; Sal. 32:​1, 2) Mulungu amakhululuka kapena kuphimba machimo a anthu omwe amamukhulupirira. Iye amawakhululukira kotheratu moti sawerengeranso machimo awo. Amawaona kuti ndi opanda cholakwa komanso olungama chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro chawo.

7. N’chifukwa chiyani tinganene kuti atumiki okhulupirika akale anali olungama?

⁷ Ngakhale kuti Abulahamu, Davide ndi atumiki ena okhulupirika ankaonedwa kuti ndi olungama, iwo anali adakali ochimwa. Koma chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro chawo, Mulungu ankawaona kuti ndi opanda cholakwa poyerekezera ndi anthu omwe sankamutumikira. (Aef. 2:12) Monga mmene Paulo anafotokozera bwino m’kalata yake, chikhulupiriro n’chofunika kwambiri kuti munthu akhale pa ubwenzi ndi Mulungu. Ndi mmenenso zinalili ndi Abulahamu ndi Davide. Choncho ifenso chikhulupiriro chingatithandize kukhala pa ubwenzi ndi Mulungu.

8-9. Kodi anthu ena anena zotani zokhudza zimene Paulo ndi Yakobo analemba, nanga n’chifukwa chiyani?

⁸ Kwa zaka zambiri, atsogoleri a chipembedzo akhala akutsutsana pa nkhani ya kukhala ndi chikhulupiriro komanso kufunika kwa zochita za munthu. Atsogoleri ena amaphunzitsa kuti munthu amangofunika kukhulupirira Ambuye Yesu Khristu kuti adzapulumuke. Mwina munamvapo akunena kuti, ‘Khulupirirani Yesu ndipo mudzapulumutsidwa.’ Atsogoleriwa angamanene  kuti zimenezi ndi zomwe Paulo ankaphunzitsa chifukwa analemba kuti: “Mulungu amaona kuti [munthu] ndi wolungama ngakhale kuti zimene wachita sizikugwirizana kwenikweni ndi Chilamulo.” (Aroma 4:6) Komabe ena amatsutsa n’kumanena kuti munthu angadzapulumuke ngati amapita kumalo omwe chipembedzo chimaona kuti ndi oyera komanso pochita ntchito zimene chipembedzo chimanena kuti n’zabwino. Mwina iwo angamagwiritse ntchito mawu opezeka pa Yakobo 2:​24, akuti: “Munthu amaonedwa kuti ndi wolungama chifukwa cha ntchito zake, osati chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro chokha.”

⁹ Kusiyana kumeneku kwachititsa akatswiri a Baibulo kuganiza kuti Paulo ndi Yakobo analemba zotsutsana pa nkhani ya chikhulupiriro ndi ntchito. Atsogoleri ena a chipembedzo amaona kuti Paulo ankakhulupirira kuti munthu angakhale wolungama ngati ali ndi chikhulupiro chokha, osati ntchito, pomwe Yakobo ankakhulupirira kuti ntchito n’zofunika kuti munthu akhale wolungama. Katswiri wina pa nkhani zachipembedzo ananena kuti izi zikutanthauza kuti, “Yakobo sankamvetsa chifukwa chake Paulo ananena kuti munthu ankafunika kukhala ndi chikhulupiriro chokha kuti akhale wolungama, ndipo sankagwirizana ndi zimene Paulo ananenazi.” Komatu Yehova anauzira onse awiri, Paulo ndi Yakobo, kuti alembe zomwe analembazi. (2 Tim. 3:16) Choncho payenera kukhala njira yotithandiza kuona kugwirizana kwa zomwe onsewa analemba. Njira yake ndi kuona zinanso zomwe onsewa analemba m’makalata awo.

10. Kodi ndi ‘ntchito’ ziti zomwe Paulo ankafotokoza? (Aroma 3:​21, 28) (Onaninso chithunzi.)

¹⁰ Kodi ndi ‘ntchito’ ziti zimene Paulo ankazifotokoza mu Aroma chaputala 3 ndi 4? Iye ankanena za zimene anthu ankachita potsatira Chilamulo cha Mose, chomwe Mulungu anapatsa Aisiraeli paphiri la Sinai. (Werengani Aroma 3:21, 28.) Zikuoneka kuti m’nthawi ya Paulo, Akhristu ena a  Chiyuda zinkawavuta kuvomereza kuti Chilamulo cha Mose komanso zimene anthu ankafunika kuchita pochitsatira zinali zitasiya kugwira ntchito. Choncho Paulo anagwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha Abulahamu pofuna kusonyeza kuti kukhala olungama sikunkadalira zimene munthu angachite potsatira Chilamulo, koma chofunika chinali chikhulupiriro. Zimenetu ndi zolimbikitsa, chifukwa zikutithandiza kuona kuti n’zotheka kukhala pa ubwenzi ndi Mulungu n’kumachita zomusangalatsa. Zikutanthauzanso kuti n’zotheka kumakhulupirira Mulungu ndi Khristu, zomwe zingachititse kuti azisangalala nafe.

11. Kodi Yakobo ankanena za ntchito ziti?

¹¹ Koma ntchito zimene Yakobo anatchula muchaputala 2, si zimene munthu amachita potsatira Chilamulo zomwe Paulo anafotokoza. Yakobo ankanena za ntchito zimene Akhristu amachita tsiku lililonse. Ntchito zimenezo ndi zimene zimasonyeza kuti Mkhristu ali ndi chikhulupiriro chenicheni kapena ayi. Tiyeni tione zitsanzo ziwiri zomwe Yakobo anagwiritsa ntchito.

12. Kodi Yakobo anafotokoza kuti chikhulupiriro chimagwirizana bwanji ndi ntchito? (Onaninso chithunzi.)

¹² M’chitsanzo choyamba, Yakobo anafotokoza kufunika koti Akhristu asamakhale atsankho pochita zinthu ndi ena. Iye anagwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha munthu yemwe anakomera mtima munthu wolemera, koma n’kulephera kukomera mtima munthu wosauka. Kenako Yakobo ananena kuti munthuyo angamanene kuti ali ndi chikhulupiriro, koma zochita zake sizinasonyeze zimenezo. (Yak. 2:​1-5, 9) M’chitsanzo chachiwiri, Yakobo anafotokoza za munthu yemwe anaona “m’bale kapena mlongo alibe zovala” koma sanamuthandize. Ngakhale munthu ameneyu atamanena kuti ali ndi chikhulupiriro, zingakhale zosamveka. Monga mmene Yakobo analembera, “chikhulupiriro pachokha, ngati chilibe ntchito zake, ndi chakufa.”—Yak. 2:​14-17.

13. Kodi Yakobo anagwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo chiti pofuna kusonyeza kufunika kwa chikhulupiriro ndi ntchito zake? (Yakobo 2:​25, 26)

 ¹³ Yakobo anatchula Rahabi monga chitsanzo cha munthu yemwe anasonyeza chikhulupiriro mwa zochita zake. (Werengani Yakobo 2:​25, 26.) Iye anali atamva zokhudza Yehova ndiponso kuti ndi yemwe ankathandiza Aisiraeli. (Yos. 2:​9-11) Rahabi anasonyeza chikhulupiriro mwa zochita zake poteteza Aisiraeli awiri omwe anabwera kudzafufuza dziko lawo ndipo moyo wawo unali pangozi. Izi zinachititsa kuti mayi wochimwayu, yemwenso sanali Mwisiraeli, aonedwe kuti ndi wolungama ngati mmene Abulahamu analili. Chitsanzo chake chimasonyeza kufunika kokhala ndi chikhulupiriro komanso ntchito zake.

14. N’chifukwa chiyani tinganene kuti zimene Paulo ndi Yakobo analemba sizimatsutsana?

¹⁴ Olemba Baibulo awiriwa, Paulo ndi Yakobo, ankangofotokoza nkhani yokhudza chikhulupiriro ndi ntchito zake m’njira zosiyana. Paulo ankauza Akhristu a Chiyuda kuti Yehova sakanasangalala nawo chifukwa chongotsatira Chilamulo cha Mose. Yakobo, ankafotokoza kufunika koti Akhristu onse azisonyeza chikhulupiriro pochitira ena zabwino.

15. Kodi tingasonyeze m’njira zinanso ziti chikhulupiriro chokhala ndi ntchito zake? (Onaninso zithunzi.)

¹⁵ Yehova satiuza kuti ngati tikufuna kukhala olungama, tizichita ndendende zimene Abulahamu anachita. Pali njira zambiri zomwe tingasonyezere chikhulupiriro mwa zochita zathu. Tingalandire ndi manja awiri anthu atsopano omwe abwera mumpingo wathu, kuthandiza abale ndi alongo omwe akumana ndi mavuto komanso kuchitira zabwino anthu a m’banja lathu, ndipo zonsezi zingachititse kuti Yehova azisangalala nafe ndiponso kutidalitsa. (Aroma 15:7; 1 Tim. 5:​4, 8; 1 Yoh. 3:18) Njira ina yomwe tingasonyezere bwino kuti tili ndi chikhulupiriro ndi kugwira nawo  mwakhama ntchito yolalikira. (1 Tim. 4:16) Tonsefe tingasonyeze mwa zochita zathu kuti timakhulupirira kuti zimene Yehova analonjeza zidzachitika komanso kuti amachita zinthu m’njira yabwino kwambiri. Tikamachita zimenezi tingakhale otsimikiza kuti Mulungu adzationa kuti ndife olungama ndiponso tidzakhala anzake.

16. Kodi Abulahamu ankayembekezera komanso kukhulupirira chiyani?

¹⁶ Mu Aroma chaputala 4, timapezamo phunziro linanso kuchokera kwa Abulahamu, lomwe ndi kufunika kokhala ndi chiyembekezo. Yehova analonjeza kuti kudzera mwa Abulahamu, “mitundu yambiri” idzadalitsidwa. Abulahamu ankayembekezeratu zinthu zosangalatsa. (Gen. 12:3; 15:5; 17:4; Aroma 4:17) Komabe, ngakhale kuti iye anali ndi zaka 100 komanso Sara anali ndi zaka 90, mwana amene Mulungu anawalonjeza anali asanabadwe. Kwa anthu, zinali zosatheka kuti Abulahamu ndi Sara akhale ndi mwana. Apatu Abulahamu anayesedwa kwambiri. Komabe “[iye] anali ndi chiyembekezo ndiponso chikhulupiriro chakuti adzakhala bambo wa mitundu yambiri.” (Aroma 4:​18, 19) Ndipotu zimene ankayembekezerazi zinachitikadi. Iye anabereka Isaki, mwana amene ankamuyembekezera kwa nthawi yaitali.—Aroma 4:​20-22.

17. Kodi tikudziwa bwanji kuti Mulungu angamatione kuti ndife olungama komanso anzake?

¹⁷ Mulungu angamasangalale nafe n’kumationa kuti ndife olungama komanso anzake ngati mmene zinalili ndi Abulahamu. Ndipotu Paulo anafotokoza zimenezi pomwe analemba kuti: “Mawu akuti ‘Mulungu anamuona [Abulahamu] kuti ndi wolungama’ sanalembere iye yekha. Analemberanso ifeyo. Nafenso timaonedwa kuti ndife olungama chifukwa timakhulupirira Mulungu amene anaukitsa Yesu Ambuye wathu.” (Aroma 4:​23, 24) Mofanana ndi Abulahamu, tiyenera kumakhulupirira Yehova, kumachita zabwino komanso kumayembekezera kuti zonse zimene analonjeza zidzakwaniritsidwa. Paulo anapitiriza kufotokoza za chiyembekezo mu Aroma chaputala 5, ndipo tidzakambirana zimenezi mu nkhani yotsatira.