1. Kodi mungalifotokoze bwanji banja limene Yakobo anakuliramo?

 YAKOBO yemwe anali m’bale wake wa Yesu anakulira m’banja limene linkakhulupirira kwambiri Yehova. * Makolo ake Yosefe ndi Mariya ankakonda kwambiri Yehova ndipo ankachita zonse zomwe angathe pomutumikira. Yakobo anadalitsidwanso munjira ina chifukwa mchimwene wake anali woti adzakhala Mesiya amene Mulungu analonjeza. Unalitu mwayi waukulu kwa Yakobo kubadwira m’banja limeneli.

2. Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zimene zikanachititsa Yakobo kuti azilemekeza mchimwene wake?

² Yakobo anali ndi zifukwa zambiri zomuchititsa kulemekeza mchimwene wakeyu. (Mat. 13:55) Mwachitsanzo, Yesu ankadziwa bwino Malemba moti ali ndi zaka 12 anadabwitsa akulu a ku Yerusalemu omwe anali ophunzira kwambiri. (Luka 2:46, 47) N’kutheka kuti Yakobo ankagwira ntchito ya ukalipentala limodzi ndi Yesu. Ngati ndi choncho ndiye kuti ankamudziwa bwino kwambiri mchimwene wakeyu. Nathan H. Knorr nthawi zambiri ankakonda kunena kuti, “Umadziwa zambiri zokhudza munthu ukamagwira naye ntchito limodzi.” * N’kutheka kuti Yakobo anaona kuti “Yesu anali kukulabe m’nzeru ndi mu msinkhu. Ndipo Mulungu ndi anthu anapitiriza kukondwera naye.” (Luka 2:52) Choncho mwina tingaganize kuti Yakobo ankafunika kukhala mmodzi wa ophunzira oyambirira a Yesu. Komatu izi si zimene zinachitika.

3. Kodi Yakobo anatani Yesu atayamba utumiki wake?

³ Pamene Yesu ankachita utumiki wake padzikoli, Yakobo sanakhale  mmodzi wa ophunzira ake. (Yoh. 7:3-5) Ndipotu Yakobo ayenera kuti anali mmodzi wa achibale ake amene ankaganiza kuti iye “wachita misala.” (Maliko 3:21) Komanso palibe chilichonse chimene chimasonyeza kuti Yakobo anali ndi mayi ake Mariya pamene Yesu ankaphedwa pamtengo wozunzikirapo.​—Yoh. 19:25-27.

4. Kodi tikambirana chiyani munkhaniyi?

⁴ Patapita nthawi Yakobo anayamba kukhulupirira Yesu ndipo kenako anakhala mmodzi wa anthu amene ankalemekezedwa mumpingo. Munkhaniyi tikambirana zinthu ziwiri zimene tingaphunzire kwa Yakobo: (1) chifukwa chake tiyenera kukhala odzichepetsa ndiponso (2) zimene tingachite kuti tikhale aphunzitsi a luso.

5. Kodi Yakobo anatani Yesu ataonekera kwa iye pambuyo poukitsidwa?

⁵ Kodi ndi liti pamene Yakobo anakhala wotsatira wokhulupirika wa Yesu? Yesu ataukitsidwa “anaonekera kwa Yakobo, kenakonso kwa atumwi onse.”(1 Akor. 15:7) Kukumana kumeneku kunachititsa kuti Yakobo akhale wophunzira wa Yesu. Iye analipo pamene atumwi ankayembekezera kulandira mzimu woyera m’chipinda cha m’mwamba ku Yerusalemu. (Mac. 1:13, 14) Pambuyo pake iye anali ndi mwayi wotumikira m’bungwe lolamulira la mu nthawi ya atumwi. (Mac. 15:6, 13-22; Agal. 2:9) Ndipo pa nthawi ina chisanafike chaka cha 62 C.E., iye anauziridwa kulembera kalata Akhristu odzozedwa. Malangizo a m’kalatayo angatithandizenso masiku ano, kaya tikuyembekezera kudzapita kumwamba kapena kudzakhala padzikoli. (Yak. 1:1) Malinga ndi zimene ananena Josephus, wolemba mbiri wa munthawi ya atumwi, Yakobo anaphedwa, Hananiya wamng’ono yemwe anali mkulu wa ansembe wa Chiyuda atalamula. Yakobo anakhalabe wokhulupirika, mpaka pamene anamaliza moyo wake wapadzikoli.

6. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Yakobo ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo a munthawi yake?

⁶ Yakobo anali wodzichepetsa. N’chifukwa chiyani tikutero? Taganizirani kusiyana kumene kulipo pakati pa zimene Yakobo anachita atazindikira kuti Yesu ndi Mwana wa Mulungu ndi zimene atsogoleri ambiri achipembedzo anachita. Yakobo ataona umboni wosatsutsika wakuti Yesu ndi Mwana wa Mulungu, anadzichepetsa n’kuvomereza zimenezo. Koma izi si zimene anachita ansembe aakulu ku Yerusalemu. Mwachitsanzo, iwo sakanatsutsa zoti Yesu anaukitsa Lazaro. M’malo movomereza kuti Yesu anatumidwa ndi Yehova, iwo ankafunitsitsa kupha Yesuyo komanso Lazaro. (Yoh. 11:53; 12:9-11)  Pambuyo pake Yesu ataukitsidwa iwo anayesetsa kubisa kuti anthu asadziwe zimenezi. (Mat. 28:11-15) Chifukwa cha kunyada atsogoleri achipembedzowo anakana Mesiya.

7. N’chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kupewa kunyada?

⁷ Zimene tikuphunzirapo: Tizipewa kunyada ndipo tizikhala ophunzitsika. Mofanana ndi matenda ena omwe angachititse kuti mtima uzivutika kugwira bwino ntchito, kunyada kungachititsenso kuti tizivutika kumvera malangizo a Yehova. Afarisi anali onyada moti anakana kuvomereza umboni woonekeratu wakuti Yesu ankatsogoleredwa ndi mzimu woyera komanso kuti anali Mwana wa Mulungu. (Yoh. 12:37-40) Zimenezi zinali zoopsa chifukwa zinalepheretsa kuti adzapeze moyo wosatha. (Mat. 23:13, 33) Choncho n’zofunika kwambiri kuti tizilola Mawu a Mulungu ndi mzimu wake woyera kutithandiza kusintha makhalidwe athu, maganizo athu komanso zimene timasankha. (Yak. 3:17) Popeza kuti Yakobo anali wodzichepetsa, analola kuphunzitsidwa ndi Yehova. Ndipo monga mmene tionere, chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwake, iye anakhala mphunzitsi waluso.

8. N’chiyani chingatithandize kuti tikhale aphunzitsi abwino?

⁸ Yakobo sanapite patali ndi sukulu. Mpake kuti atsogoleri achipembedzo a munthawi yake ankamuona mofanana ndi mmene ankaonera mtumwi Petulo ndi Yohane kuti anali “osaphunzira ndiponso anthu wamba.” (Mac. 4:13) Komabe iye anadzakhala mphunzitsi waluso monga mmene timaonera tikamawerenga buku limene limadziwika ndi dzina lake. Mofanana ndi Yakobo n’kutheka kuti ifenso sitinaphunzire kwambiri. Ngakhale zili choncho, mothandizidwa ndi Yehova komanso maphunziro amene timalandira m’gulu lake, ifenso tingakhale aphunzitsi abwino. Tiyeni tikambirane chitsanzo cha Yakobo monga mphunzitsi komanso zimene tingaphunzire kwa iye.

9. Kodi mungafotokoze bwanji mmene Yakobo ankaphunzitsira?

⁹ Yakobo sankagwiritsa ntchito mawu ogometsa kapena kufotokoza zinthu m’njira yovuta kumvetsa. Choncho anthu amene ankamumvetsera ankadziwa zoyenera kuchita komanso mmene angazichitire. Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani mmene iye anaphunzitsira mosavuta  mfundo yakuti Akhristu ayenera kukhala okonzeka kuvutika chifukwa cha zinthu zopanda chilungamo popanda kusungira ena zifukwa. Yakobo analemba kuti: “Anthu amene anapirira timawatcha odala. Munamva za kupirira kwa Yobu ndipo mwaona zimene Yehova anamupatsa, mwaona kuti Yehova ndi wachikondi chachikulu ndi wachifundo.” (Yak. 5:11) Onani kuti iye akamaphunzitsa ankagwiritsa ntchito Malemba. Anagwiritsa ntchito Mawu a Mulungu pothandiza omvera ake kudziwa kuti Yehova nthawi zonse amapereka mphoto kwa anthu amene mofanana ndi Yobu amakhala okhulupirika kwa iye. Yakobo anaphunzitsa mfundo imeneyi pogwiritsa ntchito mawu osavuta kumva komanso motsatirika. Pochita zimenezi iye anathandiza anthu kuti aziganizira kwambiri za Yehova osati iyeyo.

10. Kodi tingatsanzire bwanji Yakobo tikamaphunzitsa?

¹⁰ Zimene tikuphunzirapo: Uthenga wathu uzikhala wosavuta kumva ndipo tiziphunzitsa pogwiritsa ntchito Mawu a Mulungu. Cholinga chathu chisamakhale kugometsa anthu ndi zimene tikudziwa, koma kuwathandiza kudziwa zimene Yehova amadziwa komanso mmene amawasamalirira. (Aroma 11:33) Tingathe kukwaniritsa cholinga chathuchi ngati nthawi zonse zomwe timanena zimachokera m’Malemba. Mwachitsanzo, m’malo mouza ophunzira Baibulo zimene ifeyo tikanachita tikanakhala iwowo, tiziwathandiza kuganizira zitsanzo za m’Baibulo ndiponso kumvetsa mmene Yehova amaganizira komanso mmene amamvera. Tikatero tidzawathandiza kuti azifunitsitsa kusangalatsa Yehova osati ifeyo.

11. Kodi Akhristu a munthawi ya Yakobo ankakumana ndi mavuto otani, nanga iye anawapatsa malangizo ati? (Yak. 5:13-15)

¹¹ Yakobo ankapereka malangizo mosapita m’mbali. Malinga ndi kalata yake, n’zoonekeratu kuti Yakobo ankadziwa mavuto amene Akhristu anzake ankakumana nawo ndipo anawapatsa malangizo omveka bwino omwe akanawathandiza. Mwachitsanzo Akhristu ena ankachedwa kutsatira malangizo. (Yak. 1:22) Ena ankakondera anthu olemera. (Yak. 2:1-3) Ndiye panalinso ena omwe ankavutika kulamulira lilime lawo. (Yak. 3:8-10) Akhristuwa anali ndi mavuto akulu koma Yakobo ankakhulupirira kuti iwo akhoza kusintha. Iye anawapatsa malangizo mokoma mtima koma mosapita m’mbali ndipo analimbikitsa Akhristu omwe ankakumana ndi mavutowo kuti azipempha akulu kuti awathandize.​—Werengani Yakobo 5:13-15.

12. Kodi tingatani kuti tizikhala ndi maganizo oyenera tikamathandiza anthu amene timaphunzira nawo Baibulo?

¹² Zimene tikuphunzirapo: Tizipereka malangizo mosapita m’mbali ndipo tiziona ena moyenera. N’kutheka kuti ambiri amene tikuphunzira nawo Baibulo zingamawavute kutsatira malangizo ake. (Yak. 4:1-4) Mwina zingawatengere nthawi kuti asiye makhalidwe oipa n’kuyamba kukhala ndi makhalidwe ngati a Khristu. Mofanana ndi Yakobo tiyenera kukhala olimba mtima kuti tizitha kuuza ophunzira Baibulo zimene ayenera kusintha. Tiyeneranso kukhala ndi maganizo oyenera n’kumakhulupirira kuti Yehova adzakokera kwa iye anthu amene ndi odzichepetsa ndipo adzawapatsa mphamvu zowathandiza kusintha zinthu pa moyo wawo.​—Yak. 4:10.

13. Mogwirizana ndi Yakobo 3:2, kodi Yakobo ankazindikira chiyani?

¹³ Yakobo ankadziona moyenera. Yakobo sankaona kuti ndi wofunika kwambiri kuposa abale ndi alongo ake chifukwa cha banja limene anakulira komanso utumiki umene anapatsidwa. Iye ankatchula Akhristu anzake kuti “abale anga okondedwa.” (Yak. 1:16, 19; 2:5) Sankachititsa anthu ena kuganiza kuti iyeyo salakwitsa zinthu. M’malo mwake iye anadziphatikizamo pamene ananena kuti: “Tonsefe timapunthwa nthawi zambiri.”​—Werengani Yakobo 3:2.

14. N’chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kuvomereza zimene timalakwitsa?

 ¹⁴ Zimene tikuphunzirapo: Tizikumbukira kuti tonsefe ndi ochimwa. Sitiyenera kuganiza kuti timaposa mwa njira ina yake anthu amene timawaphunzitsa. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa ngati tingachititse wophunzira Baibulo wathu kuona kuti sitilakwitsa kalikonse, angayambe kuganiza kuti sangakwanitse kutsatira malangizo a Mulungu. Koma ngati moona mtima tingamufotokozere kuti si nthawi zonse pamene zinali zophweka kuti tizitsatira mfundo za m’Malemba, komanso kumuuza mmene Yehova watithandizira kusintha moyo wathu, tingamuthandize kuona kuti nayenso angathe kutumikira Yehova.

15. Kodi mungafotokoze bwanji mafanizo amene Yakobo ankagwiritsa ntchito? (Yak. 3:2-6, 10-12)

¹⁵ Yakobo ankagwiritsa ntchito mafanizo ogwira mtima. N’zosakayikitsa kuti mzimu woyera unkamuthandiza, koma n’kutheka kuti iye anaphunzira mmene angaphunzitsire mwaluso poona mafanizo amene mchimwene wake Yesu ankagwiritsa ntchito. Mafanizo amene Yakobo anagwiritsa ntchito m’kalata yake ndi osavuta kumva ndipo mfundo zake ndi zomveka bwino.​—Werengani Yakobo 3:2-6, 10-12.

16. N’chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kumagwiritsa ntchito mafanizo ogwira mtima?

¹⁶ Zimene tikuphunzirapo: Tizigwiritsa ntchito mafanizo ogwira mtima. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito bwino mafanizo mumathandiza omvera kuti aziona m’maganizo mwawo zimene akuphunzirazo. Zimene amaona m’maganizo mwawozo zimawathandiza kuti azikumbukira mosavuta mfundo za choonadi za m’Baibulo. Yesu anali katswiri pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito mafanizo ndipo mchimwene wake Yakobo anatengera chitsanzo chake. Tiyeni tione fanizo limodzi limene Yakobo anagwiritsa ntchito ndiponso chifukwa chake tinganene kuti linali labwino kwambiri.

17. N’chifukwa chiyani fanizo la pa Yakobo 1:22-25, lili logwira mtima kwambiri?

¹⁷ Werengani Yakobo 1:22-25. Fanizo la Yakobo lonena za galasi ndi logwira mtima pazifukwa zingapo. M’fanizoli iye ankafuna kuphunzitsa mfundo yofunika kwambiri yakuti, kuti tipindule ndi Mawu a Mulungu tiyenera kuchita zambiri kuposa kungowawerenga. Tifunika kumachita zinthu mogwirizana ndi zimene timawerengazo. Yakobo anagwiritsa ntchito fanizo la munthu wodziyang’anira pagalasi lomwe omvera ake sakanavutika kulimvetsa. Kodi mfundo yafanizoli inali yotani? Mfundo yake ndi yakuti  kungakhale kupusa ngati munthu atadziyang’anira pagalasi n’kuona penapake pofunika kukonza koma osakonzapo. Mofanana ndi zimenezi, kungakhalenso kupusa ngati titawerenga Mawu a Mulungu n’kuona kuti tifunika kusintha makhalidwe athu koma osachitapo kanthu.

18. Kodi ndi zinthu zitatu ziti zimene tiyenera kuchita tikamagwiritsa ntchito mafanizo?

¹⁸ Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mafanizo mungatsanzire Yakobo pochita zinthu zitatu izi: (1) Muzionetsetsa kuti fanizo lanu likugwirizana ndi mfundo imene mukufotokoza. (2) Muzigwiritsa ntchito fanizo limene omvera anu angalimvetse mosavuta. (3) Muzifotokoza mfundo ya fanizolo momveka bwino. Ngati zimakuvutani kuganizira mafanizo oyenera oti mugwiritse ntchito, mungafufuze mu Watch Tower Publications Index. Pamutu wakuti “Illustrations,” mungapezepo zitsanzo zambiri za mafanizo amene mungagwiritse ntchito. Komabe muzikumbukira kuti mafanizo ali ngati maikolofoni ndipo amangothandiza kuti mfundo yanu imveke bwino. Choncho muzigwiritsa ntchito mafanizo pa mfundo zofunika zokhazo zimene mukufuna kuphunzitsa. N’zoona kuti cholinga chathu chachikulu pokulitsa luso lathu lophunzitsa, sikuchititsa ena kuti aziganizira kwambiri za ifeyo koma kuthandiza anthu ambiri mmene tingathere kuti akhale mbali ya banja losangalala la Yehova.

19. Kodi tingasonyeze bwanji kuti timakonda abale ndi alongo athu?

¹⁹ N’zoona kuti sitinakhalepo ndi mwayi ngati Yakobo yemwe anakulira m’banja limene mkulu wake anali wangwiro, koma tili ndi mwayi wotumikira Yehova m’banja lalikulu limodzi ndi abale ndi alongo athu. Timasonyeza kuti timawakonda tikamachita nawo zinthu limodzi, kuphunzira kwa iwo komanso kugwira nawo limodzi ntchito yolalikira ndi kuphunzitsa. Tikamayetsetsa kutengera chitsanzo cha Yakobo pa nkhani ya mmene timaonera zinthu, zochita zathu komanso mmene timaphunzitsira, Yehova amalemekezedwa ndipo timathandiza anthu a mtima wabwino kuti akhale pa ubwenzi ndi Atate wathu wakumwamba yemwe ndi wachikondi.