1-2. Kodi mafumu ena awiri anali osiyana bwanji, nanga tikambirana mafunso ati?

 TIYENI tikambirane zokhudza mafumu awiri otchulidwa m’Baibulo. Mfumu ina inalamulira ufumu wa Isiraeli wa mafuko 10, pomwe ina inalamulira ufumu wa Yuda wa mafuko awiri. Ngakhale kuti mafumuwa anakhala ndi moyo pa nthawi zosiyana, anali ofanana pa zinthu zambiri. Onsewa anapandukira Yehova ndipo anachititsa anthu ake kuti azichita zoipa. Onse ankalambira mafano komanso kupha anthu. Komabe panali kusiyana pakati pa anthu awiriwa. Mmodzi wa iwo anapitiriza kuchita zoipa mpaka imfa yake. Koma winayo analapa ndipo Mulungu anamukhululukira zinthu zoipa kwambiri zimene anachita. Kodi mafumu amenewa anali ndani?

² Anthuwa anali Ahabu mfumu ya Isiraeli ndi Manase mfumu ya Yuda. Kusiyana kwa anthu awiri amenewa kungatiphunzitse zambiri pa nkhani yofunika kwambiri yokhudza kulapa. (Mac. 17:30; Aroma 3:23) Kodi kulapa n’kutani, nanga munthu amasonyeza bwanji kuti walapa? Tikufunika kudziwa zimenezi chifukwa timafuna kuti Mulungu azitikhululukira tikachimwa. Kuti tipeze mayankho a mafunsowa, tikambirana zimene mafumuwa anachita komanso zimene tingaphunzirepo pazitsanzo zawo. Kenako tikambirananso zimene Yesu anaphunzitsa zokhudza kulapa.

3. Kodi Ahabu anali mfumu yotani?

³ Ahabu anali mfumu ya nambala 7 mu ufumu wa Isiraeli wa mafuko 10. Iye anakwatira Yezebeli mwana wa mfumu ya ku Sidoni, mzinda wolemera kwambiri womwe unali kumpoto kwa Isiraeli. N’kutheka kuti ukwati umenewu unachititsa kuti dziko la Isiraeli  lipeze chuma. Zimenezi zinachititsanso kuti Aisiraeli azichita zoipa kwambiri pamaso pa Yehova. Yezebeli ankalambira Baala ndipo anachititsa kuti Ahabu apititse patsogolo chipembedzo chonyansachi, chomwe chinkalimbikitsa uhule wa pakachisi komanso kupereka nsembe ana. Pamene Yezebeli anali mfumukazi, miyoyo ya aneneri onse a Yehova inali pangozi. Iye anali atapha aneneri ambiri. (1 Maf. 18:13) Ahabu “anachita zoipa kwambiri pamaso pa Yehova kuposa onse amene anakhalapo iye asanakhale.” (1 Maf. 16:30) Yehova ankaona komanso kudziwa zonse zimene Ahabu ndi Yezebeli ankachita. Komabe mwachifundo Yehova anatumiza mneneri Eliya n’cholinga choti akachenjeze anthu ake kuti asinthe, nthawi isanathe. Koma Ahabu ndi Yezebeli anakana kumvera.

4. Kodi Yehova anati adzapatsa Ahabu chilango chotani, nanga iye anatani atamva zimenezi?

⁴ Pamapeto pake, nthawi yoti Yehova apitirize kumulezera mtima inatha. Iye anatumiza Eliya kuti akauze Ahabu ndi Yezebeli chilango chimene adzawapatse. Anthu onse a m’banja lawo anali oti adzaphedwa. Mawu amene Eliya analankhulawa anachititsa Ahabu kudzimvera chisoni kwambiri. N’zodabwitsa kuti munthu wodzikuzayu panthawiyi ‘anadzichepetsa.’​—1 Maf. 21:19-29.

5-6. N’chiyani chikusonyeza kuti Ahabu sanalape kuchokera pansi pamtima?

⁵ Ngakhale kuti Ahabu anadzichepetsa panthawiyi, zimene ankachita pambuyo pake zinasonyeza kuti sanalape kuchokera pansi pamtima. Iye sanathetse kulambira Baala mu ufumu wake komanso sanalimbikitse anthu kuti azilambira Yehova. Ahabu anachitanso zinthu zina zosonyeza kuti sanali ndi mtima wolapa.

⁶ Pa nthawi ina, Ahabu anaitana Mfumu Yehosafati ya ku Yuda kuti akamuthandize pankhondo yolimbana ndi Asiriya. Yehosafati ananena kuti choyamba afunsire kwa mneneri wa Yehova. Poyamba Ahabu anakana ndipo anati: “Pali munthu mmodzi amene tingathe kufunsira kwa Yehova kudzera mwa iye, koma ineyo ndimadana naye kwambiri, chifukwa salosera zabwino zokhudza ine, koma zoipa.” Ngakhale zinali choncho, iwo anafunsirabe kwa mneneri Mikaya. Mogwirizana ndi mmene Ahabu ananenera, munthu wa Mulunguyo analoseradi zoipa zokhudza iye. M’malo molapa n’kupempha Yehova kuti amukhululukire, mfumu yoipa Ahabu anachititsa kuti mneneriyu atsekeredwe m’ndende. (1 Maf. 22:7-9, 23, 27) Ngakhale kuti mfumuyo inakwanitsa kutsekera m’ndende mneneri wa Yehova, siinalepheretse kuti ulosi umene ananenawo ukwaniritsidwe. Ahabu anaphedwa pankhondo imene anakamenyayo.​—1 Maf. 22:34-38.

7. Kodi Yehova ananena zotani zokhudza Ahabu pambuyo pa imfa yake?

⁷ Ahabu atamwalira, Yehova anasonyeza mmene ankaonera munthu ameneyu. Mfumu Yehosafati atabwerera bwinobwino kwawo, Yehova anatumiza mneneri Yehu kuti akamudzudzule chifukwa chogwirizana ndi Ahabu. Mneneriyu anati: “Kodi chithandizo chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa oipa, ndipo kodi muyenera kukonda anthu odana ndi Yehova?” (2 Mbiri 19:1, 2) Ndiye taganizirani izi: Ahabu akanasonyeza kulapa kwenikweni, mneneriyu sakanamufotokoza kuti anali munthu woipa yemwe ankadana ndi Yehova. Apa n’zoonekeratu kuti, ngakhale kuti Ahabu anasonyeza kulapa pamlingo winawake, iye sanalape kuchokera pansi pamtima.

8. Kodi tingaphunzire chiyani pa nkhani ya kulapa tikaganizira zimene Ahabu anachita?

⁸ Kodi tingaphunzire chiyani pa zimene Ahabu anachita? Eliya atauza Ahabu kuti banja lake lidzapatsidwa chilango, poyamba iye anadzichepetsa. Chimenechitu chinali chiyambi chabwino. Koma zimene anachita pambuyo pake zinasonyeza kuti sanalape kuchokera pansi pamtima. Choncho kulapa kumaphatikizapo zambiri osati kungodzimvera chisoni pa zimene wachita. Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane chitsanzo china  chimene chitithandize kumvetsa zimene kulapa kwenikweni kumatanthauza.

9. Kodi Manase anali mfumu yotani?

⁹ Patapita zaka pafupifupi 200, Manase anakhala mfumu ya Yuda. Iye anachita zoipa kwambiri mwinanso kuposa Ahabu. Baibulo limati: “Iye anachita zinthu zambiri zoipa pamaso pa Yehova ndiponso zomukwiyitsa.” (2 Mbiri 33:1-9) Manase anapangira milungu yonyenga maguwa a nsembe, ndipo mpaka anaika m’kachisi woyera wa Yehova chifaniziro cha mzati wopatulika chimene anapanga. N’kutheka kuti chifanizirochi chinkaimira kulambira kugonana. Manase ankachita zamatsenga, zanyanga ndiponso ankawombeza. Iye “anakhetsanso magazi osalakwa ochuluka zedi.” Anapha anthu ambiri komanso “anatentha ana ake aamuna pamoto,” kuwapereka nsembe kwa milungu yonyenga.​—2 Maf. 21:6, 7, 10, 11, 16.

10. Kodi Yehova anapereka chilango chotani kwa Manase, nanga mfumuyo inatani itapatsidwa chilangochi?

¹⁰ Mofanana ndi Ahabu, Manase anakana machenjezo omwe Yehova anamupatsa kudzera mwa aneneri ake. Pomalizira pake, “Yehova anawabweretsera [Ayuda] akuluakulu a asilikali a mfumu ya Asuri. Iwo anagwira Manase akubisala m’dzenje. Atatero anam’manga ndi zomangira ziwiri zamkuwa n’kupita naye ku Babulo.” Ali kundende ku Babulo, zikuoneka kuti Manase anaganizira kwambiri zimene ankachita. Iye “anadzichepetsa kwambiri pamaso pa Mulungu wa makolo ake.” Anachitanso zambiri kuposa pamenepo moti “anakhazikitsa pansi mtima wa Yehova Mulungu wake.” Ndipotu mobwerezabwereza Manase “anayamba kupemphera kwa Mulungu.” Munthu woipayu anayamba kusintha n’kumaona kuti Yehova ndi “Mulungu wake” ndipo ankapemphera kwa iye mochokera pansi pamtima.​—2 Mbiri 33:10-13.

11. Mogwirizana ndi 2 Mbiri 33:15, 16, kodi Manase anasonyeza bwanji kuti analapa kuchokera pansi pamtima?

¹¹ Patapita nthawi Yehova anayankha mapemphero a Manase ndipo anaona kuti wasinthadi chifukwa cha zinthu zimene ankatchula m’mapemphero ake. Choncho anamukhululukira ndipo anamubwezeretsa pa ufumu wake. Manase anachita zonse zimene akanatha posonyeza kuti anali atalapadi kuchokera pansi pamtima. Anachita zosiyana ndi zimene Ahabu anachita moti anasintha khalidwe lake. Anayesetsa kutsutsa kulambira konyenga n’kulimbikitsa anthu kuti azilambira Yehova. (Werengani 2 Mbiri 33:15, 16.) Zimenezi zinkafunika kulimba mtima komanso chikhulupiriro chifukwa kwa zaka zambiri Manase anali chitsanzo choipa kwa anthu a m’banja lake, anthu a udindo mu ufumu wake komanso anthu omwe ankawalamulira. Koma chakumapeto kwa moyo wake, anayesetsa kukonza zina mwa zoipa zimene anachita. N’kutheka kuti iye ndi amene anapereka chitsanzo chabwino kwa Yosiya yemwe anadzakhala mfumu yabwino kwambiri.​—2 Maf. 22:1, 2.

12. Kodi chitsanzo cha Manase chikutiphunzitsa chiyani pa nkhani ya kulapa?

 ¹² Kodi tingaphunzire chiyani pa chitsanzo cha Manase? Iye anadzichepetsa komanso anachita zina zambiri. Anapemphera kwa Mulungu kuti amuchitire chifundo ndipo anasintha khalidwe lake. Anakonza zimene analakwitsa ndipo anachita zonse zimene akanatha kuti azilambira Yehova komanso kuthandiza ena kuti azichita chimodzimodzi. Chitsanzo cha Manase chingathandizenso ngakhale anthu amene achita zoipa kwambiri. Pamenepa tikuona umboni wamphamvu wakuti Yehova ndi Mulungu wabwino ndipo ndi “wokonzeka kukhululuka.” (Sal. 86:5) Iye amakhululukira anthu amene alapadi kuchokera pansi pamtima.

13. Fotokozani chitsanzo chosonyeza mfundo yofunika kwambiri pa nkhani ya kulapa.

¹³ Manase anachitanso zambiri kuwonjezera pa kudzimvera chisoni chifukwa cha zolakwa zake. Zimenezi zikutiphunzitsa mfundo ina yofunika pa nkhani ya kulapa. Taganizirani chitsanzo ichi: Mwapita ku bekale kuti mukagule keke. Koma m’malo mokupatsani keke, wogulitsa akukupatsani dzira. Kodi mungakhutire kuti ndi zimene mumafuna? Ayi. Kodi mungagwirizane nazo ngakhale atakufotokozerani kuti dziralo ndi lofunika kwambiri popanga keke? Ayi ndithu. Mofanana ndi zimenezi, Yehova amafuna kuti munthu wochimwa alape. Ngati akudzimvera chisoni zili bwino ndithu. Kudzimvera chisoni n’kofunika kwambiri kuti munthu alape koma pakokha si kokwanira. Kodi munthuyo amafunika kuchitanso chiyani? Timaphunzira zambiri pa fanizo lokhudza mtima lomwe Yesu anafotokoza.

14. Kodi mwana wolowerera wa mufanizo la Yesu anachita zinthu ziti zosonyeza kulapa?

¹⁴ Yesu anafotokoza fanizo logwira mtima la mwana wolowerera lomwe lili pa Luka 15:11-32. Mnyamata wina anapandukira bambo ake n’kuchoka pakhomo ndipo anapita “kudziko lina lakutali.” Ali kumeneko analowerera m’makhalidwe oipa kwambiri. Koma atakumana ndi mavuto aakulu, anayamba kuganizira kwambiri za moyo wake. Anazindikira kuti ankakhala moyo wabwino kwambiri ali kunyumba ya bambo ake. Monga mmene Yesu ananenera, “nzeru zitam’bwerera” iye anaganiza zobwerera kwawo kukapempha bambo ake kuti amukhululukire. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chimene anachita ndi kuzindikira kuti anachita zinthu zoipa kwambiri. Koma kodi zimenezi zinali zokwanira? Ayi. Ankafunikanso kusintha khalidwe lake.

15. Kodi mwana wolowerera wa mu fanizo la Yesu anachita zinthu ziti posonyeza kuti walapa kuchokera pansi pamtima?

¹⁵ Mwana wolowerera anasonyeza kulapa kochokera pansi pamtima pa zoipa zimene anachita. Iye anayenda mtunda wautali kubwerera kwawo. Ndiye atafika anauza bambo ake kuti: “Bambo, ndachimwira kumwamba komanso ndachimwira inu. Sindilinso woyenera kutchedwa mwana wanu.” (Luka 15:21) Zimene mnyamatayu anachita polapa kuchokera pansi  pamtima zinasonyeza kuti ankafuna kukhalanso pa ubwenzi ndi Yehova. Iye anazindikira kuti zochita zake zinakhumudwitsa bambo ake. Anachita zonse zimene akanatha kuti bambo ake ayambirenso kusangalala naye ndipo anali wokonzeka kuti bambo ake azimuona ngati mmodzi wa aganyu awo. (Luka 15:19) Nkhani imeneyi sikuti yangokhala yokhudza mtima basi. Koma mfundo zake zingathandizenso kwambiri akulu akamafuna kudziwa ngati munthu amene wachita tchimo lalikulu walapadi kuchokera pansi pamtima.

16. N’chifukwa chiyani akulu zingawavute kudziwa ngati munthu walapadi kuchokera pansi pamtima?

¹⁶ Si zophweka kuti akulu adziwe ngati munthu amene wachita tchimo walapadi zenizeni. N’chifukwa chiyani tikutero? Akulu sangadziwe zimene zili mumtima mwa munthu. Choncho iwo amayesetsa kupeza umboni wosonyeza kuti m’bale wawoyo akudana ndi zimene anachitazo. Nthawi zina munthu akhoza kukhala kuti wachita zoipa kwambiri moti akulu amene akumana naye zingawavute kutsimikizira kuti walapadi kuchokera pansi pamtima.

17. (a) Kodi ndi chitsanzo chiti chimene chikusonyeza kuti kungodzimvera chisoni sikusonyeza kuti munthu walapadi kuchokera pansi pamtima? (b) Mogwirizana ndi 2 Akorinto 7:11, kodi munthu amene walapa kuchokera pansi pamtima amayembekezeredwa kuchita chiyani?

¹⁷ Taganizirani chitsanzo ichi: Tiyerekeze kuti m’bale wakhala akuchita tchimo la chigololo kwa zaka zambiri. M’malo mopempha thandizo, iye wakhala akubisa tchimoli kwa mkazi wake, anzake komanso akulu. Kenako akulu adziwa zimene m’baleyu wakhala akuchita. Akuluwo atamuuza kuti ali ndi umboni woti iye wachita chigololo, m’baleyo akuvomereza ndipo akuoneka kuti akudzimvera chisoni kwambiri. Koma kodi zimenezi ndi zokwanira? Ayi. Akulu omwe akuweruza nkhaniyo angafunike kuona zambiri kuposa kungomuona kuti akudzimvera chisoni. Sikuti m’baleyu wangochita zinthu mosaganiza bwino kwa nthawi imodzi koma wakhala akuchita khalidwe loipali kwa zaka zambiri. Komanso sanakanene yekha, munthu wina ndi amene wakauza akulu. Choncho akulu angafunike kuona umboni wosonyeza kuti munthuyo wasintha kuchokera pansi pamtima mmene amaganizira, mmene amaonera zinthu komanso zochita zake. (Werengani 2 Akorinto 7:11.) Zingamutengere nthawi yaitali munthu ameneyo kuti asinthe. N’zodziwikiratu kuti angachotsedwe mumpingo kwa nthawi ndithu.​—1 Akor. 5:11-13; 6:9, 10.

18. Kodi munthu wochotsedwa angasonyeze bwanji kuti walapa zenizeni ndipo pangakhale zotsatira zotani?

¹⁸ Posonyeza kuti walapa kuchokera pansi pamtima, munthu amene wachotsedwa amafika pamisonkhano mokhazikika, ndipo amatsatira malangizo a akulu oti azipemphera nthawi zonse komanso kuphunzira Baibulo. Iye amayesetsanso kupewa zinthu zimene zinamuchititsa kuti achite tchimo. Ngati atayesetsa kukonza ubwenzi wake ndi Yehova sangakayikire kuti iye  amukhululukira ndi mtima wonse komanso akulu angamubwezeretse mumpingo. Komabe akulu akamafuna kudziwa ngati munthu walapadi, amaganizira nkhani iliyonse payokha ndipo amafufuza mosamala kuti asaweruze mopupuluma.

19. Kodi kulapa kwenikweni kumaphatikizapo chiyani? (Ezekieli 33:14-16)

¹⁹ Monga mmene taphunzirira, kulapa kwenikweni kumaphatikizapo zambiri osati kungonena kuti tikudzimvera chisoni chifukwa cha zimene tachita. Koma kumaphatikizapo kusintha maganizo ndi mtima wathu zomwe zimachititsa kuti tichite zinthu zosonyeza kuti talapa. Zimenezi zikuphatikizapo kusiya zoipazo, kutembenuka n’kuyambiranso kutsatira mfundo za Yehova. (Werengani Ezekieli 33:14-16.) Chofunika kwambiri kwa munthu amene wachita tchimo ndi kukonzanso ubwenzi wake ndi Yehova.

20-21. Kodi tingathandize bwanji munthu amene wachita tchimo lalikulu?

²⁰ Yesu anatchula mfundo ina yofunika kwambiri pa utumiki wake pamene anati: “[Ndinabwera] kudzaitana . . . ochimwa kuti alape.” (Luka 5:32) Ifenso tiyenera kukhala ndi mtima umenewo. Tiyerekeze kuti mnzathu wa pamtima wachita tchimo lalikulu, kodi tiyenera kuchita chiyani?

²¹ Sitingasonyeze kuti timamukonda mnzathuyo ngati tikuyesa kubisira akulu tchimo lakelo. Kubisa tchimolo n’kudzinamiza chifukwa Yehova amaona zonse. (Miy. 5:21, 22; 28:13) Mungathandize mnzanuyo pomukumbutsa kuti akulu angamuthandize. Ngati akukana kukafotokozera akulu, inuyo muyenera kukawafotokozera za nkhaniyo. Mukatero mungasonyeze kuti mukufunitsitsa kumuthandiza. Kuchita zimenezi n’kofunika kwambiri chifukwa ngati sangathandizidwe ndi akulu, ubwenzi wake ndi Yehova ungasokonekere.

22. Kodi tikambirana chiyani munkhani yotsatira?

²² Nanga bwanji ngati munthu wakhala akuchita machimo akuluakulu komanso kwa nthawi yaitali moti akulu asankha kuti achotsedwe mumpingo? Kodi zimenezi zingatanthauze kuti sanamusonyeze chifundo? Munkhani yotsatira tikambirana mmene Yehova amasonyezera chifundo kwa anthu amene achimwa powapatsa chilango komanso zimene tingachite kuti tizimutsanzira.