Kuthetsa Ziphuphu ndi Lupanga la Mzimu

‘Valani munthu watsopano, amene analengedwa monga mwa mulungu, m’chilungamo, ndi m’chiyero cha choonadi.’​—Aefeso 4:24.

UFUMU wa Roma uli pachimake penipeni, unali uyang’aniro wa anthu waukulu kwambiri womwe sunakhalepo padziko lapansi ndi kale lonse. Malamulo a Roma anali amphamvu kwambiri mwakuti malamulo a mayiko ambiri lerolino n’ngozikidwa pa malamulo amenewo. Komabe, ngakhale kuti Roma anachita zambiri mwachipambano, magulu ake ankhondo analephera kugonjetsa mdani m’modzi woipitsitsa: ziphuphu. Pamapeto pake, ziphuphu n’zomwe zinachititsa kuti ulamuliro wa Roma ugwe mofulumira.

Mtumwi Paulo anavutitsidwa kwambiri ndi akuluakulu a boma la Roma aziphuphuwo. Felike, kazembe wa Roma yemwe anam’funsa iye mafunso, mwachionekere anadziŵa kuti Paulo analibe mlandu. Koma Felike, amene anali m’modzi wa akazembe a ziphuphu kwambiri a m’nthaŵi yake, anazengereza kuzenga mlandu wa Paulo, akumalingalira kuti Paulo adzam’patsa ndalama kuti amasulidwe.​—Machitidwe 24:22-26.

M’malo mopereka chiphuphu kwa Felike, Paulo analankhula naye moona mtima za “chilungamo, ndi chidziletso.” Felike sanasinthe njira zake, ndipo Paulo anakhalabe m’ndende m’malo moyesa kuchita zosemphana ndi malamulo mwa kupereka chiphuphu. Iye analalikira uthenga wa choonadi ndi kuona mtima, ndipo anakhala mogwirizana ndi zimenezo. Iye analembera Akristu achiyuda kuti: “Takopeka mtima kuti tili nacho chikumbumtima chokoma m’zonse, pofuna kukhala nawo makhalidwe abwino.”​—Ahebri 13:18.

Khalidwe lotero linali losemphana kwambiri ndi zochitika m’nthaŵiyo. Palasi, mbale wake wa Felike, anali m’modzi mwa anthu olemera kwambiri  m’dziko lakale limenelo, ndipo pafupifupi chuma chake chonsecho, chomwe chinali chokwana madola 45 miliyoni anachipeza mwa ziphuphu ndi kubera anthu. Komabe, chuma chakecho sichili kanthu tikachiyerekeza ndi madola mabiliyoni ambirimbiri omwe olamulira ena aziphuphu a m’zaka za m’ma 1900 abisa m’maakaunti awo achinsinsi m’mabanki. Mwachionekere, okhawo amene sadziŵa kalikonse ndi amene angavomereze kuti maboma amakono apambana pankhondo yolimbana ndi ziphuphu.

Popeza kuti ziphuphu zakhala zikuchitika kwa nthaŵi yaitali choncho, kodi tiyenera kulingalira kuti izo zili mbali ya chibadwa cha anthu? Kapena kodi chinachake chingachitike kuti ziphuphu zithetsedwe?

Kodi Ziphuphu Zingathetsedwe Motani?

Sitepe loyamba lachidziŵikire pa kuthetsa ziphuphu ndilo kuzindikira kuti ziphuphu n’zosakaza ndipo n’zosaloleka, popeza kuti zimapindulitsa anthu opanda khalidwe pamene ena akuvutika. Mosakayikira, kusintha kwinakwake kwachitika pambali imeneyo. James Foley, wachiŵiri kwa nduna yoona nkhani zakunja mu United States, anati: “Tonsefe tikudziŵa kuti mtengo wa kupereka ndi kulandira ziphuphu n’ngwaukulu. Ziphuphu zimathetsa mphamvu za ulamuliro wabwino, zimawononga kudalirika kwa chuma ndi chitukuko, zimadzetsa chinyengo pa malonda, ndiponso zimadzetsa vuto lalikulu pa nzika padziko lonse.” Ambiri angavomerezane naye. Pa December 17, m’chaka cha 1997, mayiko akuluakulu okwana 34 anasaina “mgwirizano pankhani ya ziphuphu” womwe cholinga chake ndicho “kulimbikitsa mwamphamvu nkhondo yapadziko lonse yolimbana ndi ziphuphu.” Pogwirizana anati, “ndi mlandu waukulu kupereka kapena kulonjeza kupereka chiphuphu kwa mkulu waboma lina ndi cholinga chofuna kupeza kapena kubwezeretsa mgwirizano wa zamalonda pakati pa mayikowo.”

Komabe, kupereka ziphuphu kuti apeze mwayi wa malonda m’mayiko ena ndi mbali yochepa chabe ya ziphuphu. Kuthetsa ziphuphu m’zochitika zina zilizonse kumafuna sitepe lachiŵiri, lomwe n’lovuta kwambiri: kusintha kwa mtima kapena kuti, kusintha kwa mitima yambiri. Anthu kulikonse ayenera kuphunzira kudana ndi ziphuphu. Pokhapokha zimenezi zitachitika, kupeza ndalama mwachinyengo sikudzatha. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, magazini ya Newsweek inanena kuti ena akulingalira kuti maboma ayenera “kulimbikitsa makhalidwe abwino ofunika kwa nzika.” Transparency International, bungwe losonkhezera maboma kulimbana ndi ziphuphu, likulangiza mofananamo kuti olichirikiza ake “afese ‘mbewu za kukhulupirika’” m’malo awo antchito.

Nkhondo yolimbana ndi ziphuphu ili ya makhalidwe yomwe sangapambane mwa kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo okha kapena “lupanga” la zilango za lamulo zokha. (Aroma 13:4, 5) Mbewu za makhalidwe abwino ndi kukhulupirika ziyenera kufesedwa m’mitima ya anthu. Zimenezi zingatheke mwachipambano mwa kugwiritsa ntchito chomwe mtumwi Paulo anachilongosola monga “lupanga la Mzimu,” Mawu a Mulungu, Baibulo.​—Aefeso 6:17.

Baibulo Limaletsa Ziphuphu

N’chifukwa chiyani Paulo sanafune kulekerera ziphuphu? Chifukwa chakuti iye anafuna kuchita chifuno cha Mulungu, “wosasamalira nkhope za anthu, kapena kulandira chokometsera mlandu.” (Deuteronomo 10:17) Komanso, Paulo mosakayikira anakumbukira malangizo achindunji opezeka m’Malamulo a Mose akuti: “Musamasamalira munthu, kapena kulandira chokometsera mlandu; popeza chokometsera mlandu chidetsa maso a anzeru, nichiipsa mawu a olungama.” (Deuteronomo 16:19) Mofananamo, Mfumu Davide ankadziŵa bwino kuti Yehova amadana ndi ziphuphu, ndipo anapempha kuti Mulungu asamuike m’gulu la anthu olakwa, “amene . . . dzanja lawo lamanja ladzala ndi zokometsera mlandu.”​—Salmo 26:10.

Awo amene amalambira Mulungu moona mtima ali ndi zifukwa zowonjezereka zokanira ziphuphu. “Mfumu imalimbitsa dziko pakuweruza molungama, koma imene imaumiriza anthu kuti aipatse ziphuphu imawononga dziko.” (Miyambo 29:4, Buku Loyera) Chilungamo​—makamaka pamene chiyamba ndi akuluakulu amaulamuliro ndiyeno n’kumasefukira kwa anthu awo, chimalimbitsa dziko pamene ziphuphu zimaliwononga. Chosangalatsa n’chakuti, Newsweek inanena kuti: “M’dongosolo lomwe aliyense angafune kulandirako chiphuphu ndipo akudziŵa mmene angachipezere, chuma chingaloŵe pansi mosavuta.”

Ngakhale ngati chumacho sichingaloŵeretu pansi, okonda chilungamo amasoŵetsedwa mtendere pamene ziphuphu zipita patsogolo popanda kuchitapo kanthu. (Salmo 73:3, 13) Mlengi wathu,  yemwe anatipatsa chikhumbo chachibadwa cha chilungamo, amachimwiridwanso. M’nthaŵi zamakedzana, Yehova anachitapo kanthu pa kuthetsa ziphuphu zosaneneka. Mwachitsanzo, iye anauza nzika za mu Yerusalemu mosapita m’mbali chifukwa chake iye adzawapereka kwa adani awo.

Kudzera mwa mneneri wake Mika, Mulungu anati: “Tamvanitu ichi, akulu a nyumba ya Yakobo inu, ndi oweruza a nyumba ya Israyeli, inu akuipidwa nacho chiweruzo, ndi kupotoza zowongoka zonse. Akulu ake aweruza chifukwa cha mphotho, ndi ansembe ake aphunzitsa chifukwa cha malipo, ndi aneneri ake alosa chifukwa cha ndalama . . . Momwemo Ziyoni adzalimidwa ngati munda chifukwa cha inu, ndi m’Yerusalemu mudzasanduka miunda, ndi phiri la nyumba ngati misanje ya m’nkhalango.” Ziphuphu zinasakaza midzi m’Israyeli, monga momwedi zinawonongera Roma zaka mazana ambiri pambuyo pake. Mongadi momwe Mulungu anachenjezera, pafupifupi zaka 100 kuchokera pamene Mika analemba mawu amenewo, Yerusalemu anawonongedwa ndi kusiyidwa wabwinja.​—Mika 3:9, 11, 12.

Komabe, palibe munthu kapena dziko lomwe liyenera kufuna ziphuphu. Mulungu akulimbikitsa oipa kusiya njira zawo zamoyo ndi kusintha kaganizidwe kawo. (Yesaya 55:7) Iye akufuna aliyense wa ife achotse umbombo ndipo m’malo mwake aike kusadzikonda komanso achotse ziphuphu ndikuika chilungamo m’malo mwake. Yehova akutikumbutsa kuti: “Wotsendereza aumphawi atonza Mlengi wake; koma wochitira wosauka chifundo am’lemekeza.”​—Miyambo 14:31.

Kuthetsa Ziphuphu Mwachipambano Pogwiritsa Ntchito Choonadi cha Baibulo

Kodi n’chiyani chingam’sonkhezere munthu kusintha mwa mtundu umenewo? Nyonga imodzimodziyo yomwe inasonkhezera Paulo kusiya moyo wa Mfarisi ndi kukhala wotsatira wa Yesu Kristu wamphamvu. Iye analemba kuti: “Mawu a Mulungu ali amoyo, ndi ochitachita [“opatsa nyonga,” NW].” (Ahebri 4:12) Lerolino, choonadi cha Malemba chikulimbikitsabe kuona mtima, ngakhale pakati pa awo amene anali akadaulo a ziphuphu. Tapendani chitsanzo ichi.

Posapita nthaŵi atangotsiriza ntchito yake yausilikali, Alexander, yemwe ndi wa Kum’maŵa kwa Ulaya, anagwirizana ndi kagulu komwe kankachita uchifwamba, kulanda mwachinyengo, komanso kupereka ndi kulandira ziphuphu. * “Ntchito yanga inali kusonkhetsa ndalama zachitetezo mwachinyengo kwa amalonda olemera,” iye akufotokoza motero. “Pamene wamalonda wina ayamba kundikhulupirira, anthu enanso m’gulu lathulo amamuopseza mwachiwawa. Ndiyeno ine ndimadzipereka kuthetsa vutolo pamtengo wokwera zedi. ‘Makasitomala’ anga amandithokoza powathandiza kuthetsa mavuto awo, pamene kwenikweni woyambitsa mavutowo ndinali ine ndemwe. Ngakhale kuti zingaoneke ngati zachilendo, umenewu ndiwo unali mtundu wa ntchito yomwe ndinkakonda.

“Komanso ndinkasangalala kwambiri ndi ndalama ndi chimwemwe zomwe mtundu umenewu wa moyo unkadzetsa kwa ine. Ndinkayendera galimoto yodula kwambiri, ndinkakhala m’nyumba yapamwamba, ndipo ndinali ndi ndalama zoti ndikanatha kugula china chilichonse chomwe ndikanafuna. Anthu amandiopa, zomwe zinandipatsa mphamvu. Ndinkaona ngati palibenso wina amene angandigonjetse ndi kuti lamulo silinali kanthu kwa ine. Mavuto ena alionse okhudza apolisi akanathetsedwa mwina ndi loya wodziŵa bwino ntchito yake, yemwe anali wokhoza bwino kupeŵa ndondomeko ya chilungamo, kapena mwa kupereka chiphuphu kwa munthu woyenera.

“Komabe, awo amene amadalira ziphuphu pamoyo wawo, sakhala okhulupirika kwa wina ndi mnzake. Munthu wina pagulu lathulo anayamba kudana nane, ndipo kenako ndinalibe woyanjana naye. Mwadzidzidzi, ndinalandidwa galimoto langa lodzionetsera nalo lija, ndalama zanga, bwenzi langa lodula lachikazi. Komanso ndinamenyedwa kodetsa nkhaŵa. Kubwerera m’mbuyo kumeneku kunandipangitsa kuganiza mwakuya ponena za chifuno cha moyo.

“Miyezi yoŵerengeka zimenezi zisanachitike, amayi anga anali atakhala m’modzi wa Mboni za Yehova, ndipo ndinayamba kuŵerenga mabuku awo. Ndithudi mawu a pa Miyambo 4:14, 15 anandipatsa maganizo. Mawuwo amati: ‘Usaloŵe m’mayendedwe ochimwa, usayende m’njira ya oipa. Pewapo, osapitamo; patukapo, nupitirire.’ Ndime monga zimenezi zinandikhutiritsa kuti awo amene akufuna kukhala m’moyo wa uchifwamba alibe tsogolo lenileni. Ndinayamba kupemphera kwa Yehova ndi kumupempha kuti anditsogolere m’njira yoyenera. Ndinaphunzira Baibulo ndi Mboni za Yehova, ndipo potsirizira pake, ndinapatulira moyo wanga kwa  Mulungu. Ndakhala wokhulupirika kuchokera m’nthaŵiyo.

“N’zoona kuti kukhala m’miyezo ya chilungamo kwatanthauza kupeza ndalama zochepa kwambiri. Koma tsopano ndili wotsimikizira kuti ndili ndi tsogolo, ndi kuti moyo wanga uli ndi tanthauzo lenileni. Ndazindikira kuti njira yanga ya moyo woyambirirawo yopeza ndalama zambirimbiri mwakuba inali ngati nyumba yomangidwa ndi zipangizo zosalimba yomwe ikuyembekezera kugwa nthaŵi ina iliyonse. Poyambapo, chikumbumtima changa chinali chakufa. Tsopano, chifukwa cha kuphunzira kwanga Baibulo, chimandigunda nthaŵi ina iliyonse pamene ndikumana ndi chiyeso cha kusaona mtima​—ngakhale pa zinthu zazing’ono. Ndikuyesa kukhala mogwirizana ndi Salmo 37:3, lomwe limati: ‘Khulupirira Yehova, ndipo chita chokoma; khala m’dziko, ndipo tsata choonadi.’”

“Iye Wodana ndi Ziphuphu Adzakhala ndi Moyo”

Monga momwe Alexander anaonera, choonadi cha Baibulo chingasonkhezere munthu kugonjetsa kukonda ziphuphu. Iye anasintha mogwirizana ndi zomwe mtumwi Paulo akunena m’kalata yake kwa Aefeso kuti: “Muvule, kunena za makhalidwe anu oyamba, munthu wakale, wovunda potsata zilakolako za chinyengo; . . . mukonzeke, mukhale atsopano mu mzimu wa mtima wanu, nimuvale munthu watsopano, amene analengedwa monga mwa Mulungu, m’chilungamo, ndi m’chiyero cha choonadi. Mwa ichi, mutataya zonama, lankhulani zoona yense ndi mnzake; pakuti tili ziŵalo wina ndi mnzake. Wakubayo asabenso; koma makamaka agwiritse ntchito, nagwire ntchito yokoma ndi manja ake, kuti akhale nacho chakuchereza wosoŵa.” (Aefeso 4:22-25, 28) Tsogolo lenileni la mtundu wa anthu likudalira pa kusinthika kotereku.

Ngati umbombo ndi ziphuphu sizingathetsedwe, zingawononge dziko, monga momwe zinathandizira pa kugwa kwa Ufumu wa Roma. Koma mwamwayi, Mlengi wa mtundu wa anthu sakupereka mpata wakuti zinthu ngati zimenezi zipitirizebe. Iye watsimikiza mtima “kuwononga iwo akuwononga dziko.” (Chivumbulutso 11:18) Ndipo Yehova akulonjeza awo amene akufuna dziko lomwe simudzakhala ziphuphu kuti posachedwa ifika “miyamba yatsopano, ndi dziko latsopano m’menemo mukhalitsa chilungamo.”​—2 Petro 3:13.

Zoonadi, si chapafupi kukhala m’miyezo ya chilungamo lerolino. Komabe Yehova akutitsimikizira kuti pamapeto pake, “Munthu wofunafuna phindu monyenga amavutitsa banja lake, koma munthu wodana ndi ziphuphu adzapeza bwino.” * (Miyambo 15:27, Buku Loyera) Mwa kusiya ziphuphu tsopano lino, tidzasonyeza kuona mtima kwathu pamene tipemphera kwa Mulungu kuti: “Ufumu wanu udze. Kufuna kwanu kuchitidwe, monga Kumwamba chomwecho pansi pano.”​—Mateyu 6:10.

Pamene tikuyembekezera Ufumu umenewo kuchitapo kanthu, aliyense wa ife ‘angadzibzalire mbewu m’chilungamo’ mwa kukana kuona ziphuphu ngati zosaononga kapena kuzichita kumene. (Hoseya 10:12) Ngati tidzatero, miyoyo yathunso idzachitira umboni mphamvu ya mawu ouziridwa a Mulungu. Lupanga la mzimu lingagonjetse ziphuphu.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Chithunzi patsamba 7]

Ndi thandizo la Baibulo, tingakulitse ‘umunthu watsopano’ ndi kupeŵa ziphuphu