Njira Yokhayo Yothetsera Chidani

“Palibe chidani popanda mantha. . . . Timadana ndi chimene timachiopa ndiyetu pamene pali chidani, mantha amadikira pompo.”​—Cyril Connolly, Wofufuza Zolembalemba Ndi Mkonzi.

AKATSWIRI ambiri achikhalidwe cha anthu amakhulupirira kuti chidani chidamera mizu mwa anthu mosadziŵa. “Mbali yaikulu ya chidani ingakhale yoti inawotchereredwa,” kukhazikika m’chikhalidwe chenichenicho cha anthu, anatero katswiri wina wandale.

M’pomveka kuti ophunzira za chibadwa cha anthu amafika pa malingaliro otero mapeto ake. Amaphunzira amuna ndi akazi obadwa “m’mphulupulu” ndi “m’zoipa” okhaokha, malinga ndi nkhani youziridwa ya m’Baibulo. (Salmo 51:5) Ngakhale Mlengi nayenso, popenda anthu opanda ungwiro zaka zikwi zingapo zapitazo, ‘anaona kuti kuipa kwa anthu kunali kwakukulu pa dziko lapansi, ndiponso kuti ndingaliro zonse za maganizo a mitima yawo zinali zoipabe zokhazokha.’​—Genesis 6:5.

Malingaliro olakwika pa anthu ena, tsankhu komanso chidani chimene chimatsatirapo zili zipatso zobwera chifukwa chopanda ungwiro kwa munthu ndi kudzikonda kwake. (Deuteronomo 32:5) Chomvetsa chisoni n’chakuti, palibe bungwe kapena boma la anthu, kaya mfundo zake zikhale zotani, limene latha kulembetsa zosintha mitima ya anthu pa zinthu zimenezi. Mtolankhani wa m’mayiko akunja Johanna McGeary anati: “Palibe gulu lililonse lapadziko lonse la chitetezo, kaya likhale la mphamvu chotani, limene lingachotse chidani chimene chachititsa Bosnia, Somalia, Liberia, Kashmir ndi Caucasus kukhetsa mwazi wochuluka.”

Komabe tisanayambe kufufuza njira zothetsera mavutoŵa, tiyenera kumvetsa zinthu zimene zimapangitsa chidani.

Chidani Choyambitsidwa ndi Mantha

Chidani chimayamba m’njira zambiri ndi m’mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Wolemba nkhani wina Andrew Sullivan anafotokoza bwino nkhaniyi kuti: “Pali chidani chimene chimaopa, ndiye pali chidani chimene chimangokhala chosalemekeza; pali chidani chimene chimaonetsa mphamvu, ndi chidani chimene chimakhalapo chifukwa chosoŵa mphamvu; pali kubwezera, ndiye palinso chidani chimene chimayamba chifukwa cha nsanje. . . . Pali chidani cha onzunza anzawo, ndiye pali chidani cha onzunzidwawo. Pali chidani chimene chimatentha pang’onopang’ono, ndi chidani chimene chimazilala. Ndiye pali chidani chimene chimaphulika, komanso  chidani chimene sichiyaka moto n’komwe.”

Mosakayikira, zoyambitsa mikangano zina zikuluzikulu m’nthaŵi zathu zino ndi zokhudza chikhalidwe cha anthu ndiponso chuma. Tsankhu lamphamvu komanso kubuka kwa chidani kaŵirikaŵiri kumachitika m’madera amene gulu la anthu ochita bwino m’zachuma alipo ochepa. Komanso chidani nthaŵi zambiri chimayambika kudera limene kakhalidwe ka moyo wa anthu a m’deralo kakuopsezedwa ndi kukwera kwa chiŵerengero cha anthu ochokera kunja.

Ena angaganize kuti anthu obwera kumeneŵa adzalimbirana ntchito, n’kumalandira malipiro ochepa pa ntchito, kapena adzabweretsa vuto la kutsika kwa katundu. Kaya mantha otereŵa ndi otsimikizika kapena ayi, imeneyo ndi nkhani ina. Mantha chifukwa cha kutsika kwa chuma ndi mantha oti chikhalidwe cha anthu kapena kakhalidwe ka moyo kadzakhala kovuta ndi zifukwa zamphamvu zopangitsa tsankhu ndi chidani.

Kodi n’chiyani chimene chiyenera kukhala njira yoyamba pofuna kuthetsa chidani? Kusintha maganizo.

Kusintha Maganizo

“Kusintha kwenikweni kungabwere kokha mwachosankha cha anthu amene akukhudzidwa,” anatero McGeary. Nanga zosankha za anthu zingasinthidwe motani? Zochitika zasonyeza kuti zisonkhezero zamphamvu, zolimbikitsa ndi zochititsa kupirira ku zoyambitsa chidani zimachokera m’Mawu a Mulungu, Baibulo. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti “mawu a Mulungu ali amoyo, ndi ochitachita, ndi akuthwa koposa lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse, napyoza kufikira kugaŵira moyo ndi mzimu, ndi zimfundo ndi mafuta a m’mafupa, nazindikiritsa zolingirira ndi zitsimikizo za mtima.”​—Ahebri 4:12.

N’zoona kuti kuchotsa tsankhu ndi chidani sizichitika mwadzidzidzi, ndiponso sizichitika tsiku limodzi. Komabe zikhoza kuchitika. Yesu Kristu,  wosonkhezera wamkulu wa mitima ndi wozindikiritsa chikumbumtima cha anthu, anatha kupangitsa anthu kusintha. Anthu miyandamiyanda akhala okhoza kutsatira uphungu wanzeru wa Yesu Kristu wakuti: “Kondanani nawo adani anu, ndi kupempherera iwo akuzunza inu.”​—Mateyu 5:44.

Mogwirizana ndi ziphunzitso zake, Yesu anaphatikiza m’gulu la mabwenzi ake okhulupirika kwambiriwo Mateyu, amene kale anali wokhometsa msonkho, munthu amene anali kumuda monga wosafunika pakati pa anthu achiyuda. (Mateyu 9:9; 11:19) Kuwonjezera apo, Yesu anakhazikitsa njira ya kulambira koyera imene pomalizira inaphatikizapo Akunja zikwi zambiri omwe kale anali kupeŵedwa ndi kudedwa. (Agalatiya 3:28) Anthu ochokera ku dziko lonse la panthaŵiyo anakhala otsatira Yesu Kristu. (Machitidwe 10:34, 35) Anthuwo anadziŵika chifukwa cha chikondi chopanda malire. (Yohane 13:35) Pamene amuna odzazidwa ndi chidani anaponya miyala ndi kupha wophunzira wa Yesu Stefano, mawu ake omaliza anali akuti: “Ambuye, musawaikire iwo tchimo ili.” Stefano ankafunira zabwino awo amene ankamuda.​—Machitidwe 6:8-14; 7:54-60.

Akristu oona a nthaŵi yathu ino nawonso achita mofananamo ndi uphungu wa Yesu pochita zabwino, osati kwa abale awo achikristu okha, koma ngakhale kwa awo amene amawada. (Agalatiya 6:10) Akuyesetsa kuthetsa chidani cha njiru m’miyoyo yawo. Pozindikira zinthu zamphamvu zimene zingayambitse chidani mwa iwo, amachita zabwino ndipo akusinthitsa chidani ndi chikondi. Inde, monga momwe ananenera mwamuna wakale wanzeru, “udani upikisanitsa; koma chikondi chikwirira zolakwa zonse.”​—Miyambo 10:12.

Mtumwi Yohane anafotokoza kuti: “Yense wakudana ndi mbale wake ali wakupha munthu; ndipo mudziŵa kuti wakupha munthu aliyense alibe moyo wosatha wakukhala mwa iye.” (1 Yohane 3:15) Mboni za Yehova zimakhulupirira zimenezo. Chotsatira chake, zikugwirizanitsidwa, kuchokera ku mafuko onse, chikhalidwe, zipembedzo ndi magulu a ndale osiyanasiyana, n’kukhala gulu limodzi logwirizana, chitaganya chopanda chidani, abale enieni apadziko lonse lapansi.​—Onani mabokosi ali limodzi ndi nkhaniyi.

Chidani Chidzathetsedweratu!

‘Mwina’ inu munganene kuti: ‘Koma zimenezo n’zabwino kwa anthu amene akukhudzidwa. Komabe, zimenezi sizidzapangitsa chidani kutheratu padziko lathuli.’ Zoonadi, ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe chidani mu mtima mwanu, mungadedwebe. Ndiyetu tiyenera kuyang’ana kwa Mulungu kuti tipeze njira yeniyeni yothetsera vuto limeneli la padziko lonse.

 Mulungu akufuna kuti zizindikiro zilizonse za chidani posachedwapa zichotsedwe padziko lapansi. Zimenezi zidzachitika pansi pa ulamuliro wa boma la kumwamba limene Yesu anaphunzitsa kuti tizilipempherera kuti: “Atate wathu wa kumwamba, dzina lanu liyeretsedwe. Ufumu wanu udze. Kufuna kwanu kuchitidwe, monga kumwamba chomwecho pansi pano.”​—Mateyu 6:9, 10.

Pamene pemphero limeneli lidzayankhidwa lonse, mikhalidwe imene imachirikiza chidani sidzakhalakonso. Zochitika zimene zimayambitsa chidani zidzakhala zitachotsedwa. Mabodza, umbuli ndi tsankhu zidzaloŵedwa m’malo ndi kudziŵitsidwa zinthu, choonadi, ndi chilungamo. Inde, nthaŵiyo Mulungu ‘adzawapukutira misozi yonse kuichotsa pamaso pawo; ndipo sipadzakhalanso imfa; ndipo sipadzakhalanso maliro, kapena kulira, kapena choŵaŵitsa.’​—Chivumbulutso 21:1-4.

Tsopano nayi nkhani yosangalatsa zedi! Pali umboni wosatsutsika wakuti tikukhala mu “masiku otsiriza.” Ndiyetu tingakhale ndi chidaliro kuti posachedwapa tidzaona chidani chopanda umulungu chikuchoka kotheratu pa dziko lapansi. (2 Timoteo 3:1-5; Mateyu 24:3-14) M’dziko lapansi latsopano lolonjezedwa ndi Mulungu, mzimu weniweni wa ubale udzaonekera chifukwa mtundu wa anthu udzakhala utabwezeretsedwa ku ungwiro.​—Luka 23:43; 2 Petro 3:13.

Koma simukufunikira kuyembekeza mpaka nthaŵiyo kuti musangalale ndi ubale weniweni. Kunena zoona, ngati mmene malipoti otsagana ndi nkhani ino akusonyezera, chikondi chachikristu chapeza kale malo m’mitima miyandamiyanda imene ikanakhala yodzazidwa ndi chidani. Inunso mukuitanidwa kukhala mbali imeneyi ya ubale wachikondi!

[Bokosi patsamba 5]

“Kodi Yesu Akanatani?”

Mu June 1998, amuna atatu achizungu m’dera la kumudzi la mzinda wa Texas ku United States, anaukira James Byrd, Jr, munthu wakuda. Anam’tengera kutali, kumalo opanda anthu, kumene anam’menya ndi kum’manga miyendo yake pamodzi. Atatero anam’mangirira ku galimoto ndi kumam’guza mu msewu kwa mtunda wamakilomita asanu kufikira thupi lake linawomba chibumi cha simenti. Umenewu watchedwa kukhala upandu wochitidwa chifukwa cha chidani woipa kwambiri wa m’zaka za m’ma 1990.

Alongo ake atatu a James Byrd ndi a Mboni za Yehova. Kodi amamva bwanji ndi amene anachita upandu woopsa kwambiriwu? M’mawu awo ogwirizana anati: “Kuvutitsidwa ndi kuphedwa kwa wokondedwa wathu kunatipatsa malingaliro aakulu akutaikidwa ndi opweteka. Kodi munthu angachitenji ku mkhalidwe woipa chotere? Kubwezera, kulankhula monyoza, kapena kulimbikitsa mabodza achidani sizinaloŵe m’maganizo mwathu. Tinaganiza kuti: ‘Kodi Yesu akanatani? Kodi akananena chiyani?’ Yankho lake linali loonekeratu. Uthenga wake ukanakhala wamtendere ndi wachiyembekezo.”

Pakati pa maumboni a m’Malemba amene anawathandiza kuti apewe chidani kukula m’mitima yawo panali Aroma 12:17-19. Mtumwi Paulo analemba kuti: “Musabwezere munthu aliyense choipa. . . . Ngati n’kutheka, monga momwe mukhoza, khalani ndi mtendere ndi anthu onse. Musabwezere choipa, okondedwa, koma patukani pamkwiyo; pakuti kwalembedwa, Kubwezera kuli kwanga, Ine ndidzabwezera, ati Ambuye.”

Anapitiriza kuti: “Timakumbukira mawu oona opezeka mu zofalitsa zathu akuti kupanda chilungamo kapena upandu wina ndi woopsa moti kungakhale kovuta kunena kuti, ‘Ndakukhululukira’ ndi kungoiwalako. Kukhululuka pankhani ngati zimenezi kungangokhala kuleka kukwiya kuti uthe kukhalabe ndi moyo wabwino m’malo moti udwale m’thupi kapena m’malingaliro chifukwa chokhala ndi mkwiyo.” Umenewotu ndi umboni wamphamvu zedi wa mphamvu ya Baibulo yoteteza chidani choopsa kuti chisamere mizu!

[Bokosi patsamba 6]

Chidani Chisanduka Chibwenzi

M’zaka zaposachedwa, anthu zikwi zambiri akhamukira ku Girisi kukafunafuna ntchito. Komabe, mavuto azachuma achepetsa mwayi wopeza ntchito ndipo zimenezi zakulitsa vuto la kusoŵa kwa ntchito. Ndiyetu chotsatira chake n’chakuti pali chidani chachikulu pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chitsanzo chabwino ndi mkangano pakati pa osamuka kuchokera ku Albania ndi ochokera ku Bulgaria. M’madera ambiri a Girisi, mpikisano wodetsa nkhaŵa wachitika pakati pa anthu a magulu aŵiriŵa.

M’tawuni ya Kiato, kumpoto chakum’maŵa kwa Peloponnisos, banja lina la ku Bulgaria ndi mwamuna wina wa ku Albania anayamba kuphunzira Baibulo ndi Mboni za Yehova ndipo anadziŵana. Pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo zachikhalidwe za Baibulo anachotsa chidani chomwe chimakhala pakati pa anthu ambiri ochokera mu mitundu iŵiriyi. Zinalimbikitsanso ubwenzi waubale weniweni pakati pa aŵiriŵa. Ivan, wa ku Bulgaria, anafika pothandiza Loulis, wa ku Albania, kuti apeze malo okhala pafupi ndi nyumba yake. Mabanja aŵiriŵa nthaŵi zambiri amagaŵana chakudya ndi zinthu zakuthupi zochepa zomwe alinazo. Tsopano amuna onse aŵiriŵa ndi Mboni za Yehova zobatizidwa ndipo amachitira pamodzi ulaliki wauthenga wabwino. Ndiyetu m’posachita kunena kuti anansi awo amakambakamba za chibwenzi chawo chachikristu chimenechi.

[Chithunzi patsamba 7]

Pansi pa Ufumu wa Mulungu zizindikiro zonse za chidani zidzachotsedwa padziko lapansi