Abrahamu Anali Chitsanzo cha Chikhulupiriro
Abrahamu Anali Chitsanzo cha Chikhulupiriro
“[Abrahamu anali] kholo la onse akukhulupira.”—AROMA 4:11.
1, 2. (a) Kodi Akristu oona lerolino amam’kumbukira motani Abrahamu? (b) N’chifukwa chiyani Abrahamu amatchedwa “kholo la onse akukhulupira”?
ABRAHAMU anali kholo la mtundu wamphamvu, mneneri, wamalonda, ndiponso mtsogoleri. Koma kwa Akristu lerolino, n’ngosaiŵalika chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro chake chosagwedera chomwe chinachititsa Yehova Mulungu kukhala bwenzi lake. (Yesaya 41:8; Yakobo 2:23) Baibulo limamutcha kuti “kholo la onse akukhulupira.”—Aroma 4:11.
2 Abrahamu asanakhaleko, kodi anthu ena monga Abele, Enoke, ndi Nowa analibe chikhulupiriro? Analinacho ndithu, koma kuti Abrahamu ndiye analandira pangano lakuti mitundu yonse ya padziko lapansi idzadalitsidwa. (Genesis 22:18) Motero anakhala kholo lophiphiritsa la onse okhulupirira Mbewu yolonjezedwayo. (Agalatiya 3:8, 9) Tinganene kuti Abrahamu, kumlingo winawake ndiye kholo lathu chifukwa chakuti chikhulupiriro chake chili chitsanzo chofunika kuchitsanzira. Anasonyeza kukhulupirika pa moyo wake wonse chifukwa anakumana ndi ziyeso zambiri. Inde, kwanthaŵi yaitali ndithu asanakumane ndi chiyeso chake chachikulu cha chikhulupiriro—kumulamula kuti apereke nsembe mwana wake Isake—Abrahamu anasonyeza kukhulupirika pa ziyeso zina zambiri zocheperapo. (Genesis 22:1, 2) Tiyeni tipende zina mwa ziyeso zachikhulupiriro zoyambirirazo ndipo tione zimene ifeyo lerolino tingaphunzirepo.
Lamulo Lakuti Asamuke ku Uri
3. Kodi Baibulo limatiuza chiyani za moyo woyambirira wa Abramu?
3 Baibulo limatchula Abramu (yemwe kenako anatchedwa Abrahamu) kwanthaŵi yoyamba pa Genesis 11:26, pomwe pamanena kuti: “Tera anakhala ndi moyo zaka makumi asanu ndi aŵiri, nabala Abramu, ndi Nahori ndi Harana.” Abramu anali mbadwa ya Semu yemwe anali woopa Mulungu. (Genesis 11:10-24) Malinga ndi zomwe Genesis 11:31 amanena, Abramu ankakhala ndi banja lake mumzinda wolemera kwambiri wa “Uri wa kwa Akaldayo,” womwe kale unali kum’maŵa kwa mtsinje wa Firate. * Chotero sanakule ndi moyo wosamukasamuka wokhala m’mahema koma anakulira mumzinda, malo aulemerero ndi osangalatsa. Ankagula katundu wakunja kwa dzikolo m’misika ikuluikulu yamumzinda wa Uri. M’mphepete mwa misewu ya mumzindawo munali nyumba zikuluzikulu [za zipinda 14] zopaka utoto ndiponso zokhala ndi madzi ndi zimbudzi m’kati momwemo.
4. (a) Kodi olambira Mulungu woona anali ndi mavuto otani mumzinda wa Uri? (b) Kodi Abramu anakhulupirira bwanji Yehova?
4 Ngakhale kuti Uri unali mzinda wolemera, kunali kovuta kwambiri kwa munthu aliyense wokhala mumzindawo kutumikira Mulungu woona. Mumzindawo munali kupembedza mafano ndi kukhulupirira mizimu kwadzaoneni. Inde, kachisi wamtali wolemekeza mulungu wa mwezi Nanna ndiye anali wotchuka kwambiri mumzindawo. Mosakayika Abramu anali kukakamizidwa mwinanso ndi achibale ake kuti azilambira nawo mafano. Mbiri ya chikhalidwe cha Ayuda imasonyeza kuti atate ake a Abramu, a Tera anali kupanga mafano. (Yoswa 24:2, 14, 15) Mulimonse mmene zinalili, Abramu sanali kuchita nawo kulambira konyenga konyansako. Agogo ake okalambawo a Semu anali akadali moyo ndipo mosakayika ankamuuza za Mulungu woona. Zotsatira zake zinali zakuti Abramu anakhulupirira Yehova osati Nanna.—Agalatiya 3:6.
Chiyeso cha Chikhulupiriro
5. Kodi ndi lamulo ndiponso lonjezo lotani limene Mulungu anauza Abramu akadali ku Uri?
5 Chikhulupiriro cha Abramu chinali pafupi kuyesedwa. Mulungu anaonekera kwa iye ndi kumulamula kuti: “Tuluka iwe m’dziko lako, ndi kwa abale ako, ndi ku nyumba ya atate wako, kumka ku dziko limene ndidzakusonyeza iwe; ndipo ndidzakuyesa iwe mtundu waukulu, ndipo ndidzakudalitsa iwe, ndi kubukitsa dzina lako; nukhale iwe m’dalitso; ndipo ndidzadalitsa amene akudalitsa iwe; ndi kutemberera iye amene akutemberera iwe; ndipo mwa iwe adzadalitsidwa mabanja onse a dziko lapansi.”—Genesis 12:1-3; Machitidwe 7:2, 3.
6. N’chifukwa chiyani Abramu anafunikira chikhulupiriro chenicheni kuti achoke ku Uri?
6 Abramu anali wokalamba ndi wopanda mwana. Zikanatheka bwanji kukhala “mtundu waukulu”? Ndipo kodi dziko lomwe anamuuza kuti apiteko linali kuti kwenikweni? Mulungu sanamuuze panthaŵiyo. Choncho Abramu anafunikira chikhulupiriro chenicheni kuti achoke mumzinda wolemerawo wa Uri ndi kusiya zosangalatsa zake zonse. Ponena zanthaŵi yakale, buku lakuti Family, Love and the Bible limati: “Chilango chachikulu kwambiri chomwe anali kupereka kwa munthu wopalamula mlandu waukulu m’banja chinali kumuthamangitsa, wosamuŵerengeranso monga wa m’banjalo. . . . N’chifukwa chake kunali kumvera ndiponso kukhulupirira Mulungu kwapadera pamene Abrahamu motsatira lamulo la Mulungu anasiya osati dziko lake lokha komanso abale ake.”
7. Kodi Akristu lerolino angakumane motani ndi ziyeso zofanana ndi za Abramu?
7 Akristunso lerolino angakumane ndi ziyeso zoterozo. Monga Abramu, tingakakamizike kuika zinthu zakuthupi patsogolo pa zinthu zokhudza kulambira koona. (1 Yohane 2:16) Mwina a m’banja lathu osakhulupirira angatitsutse kapenanso achibale athu ochotsedwa m’mpingo angayese kutinyenga kuyanjana ndi anthu oipa. (Mateyu 10:34-36; 1 Akorinto 5:11-13; 15:33) Choncho Abramu anatisiyira chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri. Anaika ubwenzi wake ndi Yehova patsogolo pa zonse, ngakhale achibale ake enieniwo. Iye sankadziŵa nthaŵi, malo enieni, kapenanso mmene malonjezo a Mulunguwo adzakwaniritsidwire. Komabe anali wofunitsitsa kukhulupirira malonjezowo. Zimenezi n’zolimbikitsatu kwabasi kwa ifenso lerolino kuti tiike zinthu zaufumu patsogolo m’miyoyo yathu!—Mateyu 6:33.
8. Kodi chikhulupiriro cha Abramu chinakhudza motani a m’banja lake, nanga kodi Akristu angaphunzirepo chiyani?
8 Bwanji nanga za abale a m’banja la Abramu lenilenilo? Mwachionekere, chikhulupiriro cha Abramu ndi kutsimikiza mtima kwake zinakhudza kwambiri miyoyo yawo chifukwa chakuti mkazi wake Sarai ndi Loti mwana wamasiye wa mbale wake anakopeka kumvera Mulungu ndi kuchoka ku Uri. Kenako mbale wake wa Abramu Nahori ndi ana ake ena nawonso anachoka kukakhala ku Harana komwe anali kulambira Yehova. (Genesis 24:1-4, 10, 31; 27:43; 29:4, 5) Ndipotu ngakhale atate ake a Abramu, a Tera anavomera kuchoka ndi mwana wawoyo. N’chifukwa chake Baibulo limati Tera, monga mutu wabanja, ndi amene anatsogolera ulendo wosamuka kupita ku Kanani. (Genesis 11:31). Kodi ifenso sizingatiyendere bwino ngati titalalikira mwaluso kwa achibale athu?
9. Kodi Abramu anachita zotani pokonzekera ulendo wake, ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani zimenezo zinafuna kudzimana?
9 Abramu anali ndi zochita zambiri asananyamuke ulendo wake. Anafunikira kugulitsa malo ndiponso katundu ndi kugula mahema, ngamila, chakudya, komanso zida zina zofunika. Abramu ayenera kuti anataya ndalama zambiri pochita zinthuzi mofulumira, komabe anali wokondwa kumvera Yehova. Linalitu tsiku losaiŵalika pamene Abramu anamaliza zokonzekera zonse ndi kutulutsa katundu wake kunja kwa mpanda wa mzinda wa Uri n’kuyamba ulendo wawo! Motsatira mtsinje wa Firate iwo analoŵera kumpoto chakumadzulo. Atayenda mtunda wa makilomita 1,000 kwa milungu ingapo, anafika mumzinda wa Harana kumpoto kwa Mesopotamiya. Mzinda umenewu unali malo aakulu kwambiri opumulira apaulendo.
10, 11. (a) N’chifukwa chiyani Abramu anakhalabe ku Harana kwakanthaŵi? (b) Kodi Akristu amene akusamala makolo okalamba akulimbikitsidwa motani?
10 Abramu anakhala ku Harana mwina chifukwa choganizira atate ake a Tera omwe anali okalamba. (Levitiko 19:32) Akristunso ambiri lerolino ali ndi udindo wosamalira makolo okalamba kapena odwala ndipo ena amasintha zinthu zina pa moyo wawo kuti achite zimenezi. Ngati pafunika kuchita zimenezi, anthu oterowo atsimikize kuti kudzipereka kwawo kwachikondi ‘n’kolandirika pamaso pa Mulungu.’—1 Timoteo 5:4.
11 Patapita nthaŵi, “masiku a Tera anali zaka mazana aŵiri kudza zisanu; ndipo anafa Tera m’Harana.” Abramu analidi wachisoni kwambiri ndi imfa imeneyi, koma nthaŵi yolira itatha, anasamuka. “Abramu anali wa zaka makumi asanu ndi aŵiri kudza zisanu, pamene anatuluka m’Harana. Ndipo Abramu anatenga Sarai mkazi wake, ndi Loti mwana wa mphwake, ndi chuma chawo chimene anasonkhanitsa, ndi miyoyo imene anabala m’Harana; natuluka kumka ku dziko la Kanani.”—Genesis 11:32; 12:4, 5.
12. Kodi Abramu anachita chiyani akukhala ku Harana?
12 N’zodabwitsa kuti Abramu ali ku Harana ‘anasonkhanitsa chuma.’ Ngakhale kuti iye anasankha kutaya chuma kuti achoke ku Uri, Abramu anachoka ku Harana ali wolemera. Mwachionekere zimenezi zinachitika chifukwa cha madalitso a Mulungu. (Mlaliki 5:19) Ngakhale kuti Mulungu salonjeza chuma kwa anthu ake lerolino, iye amakwaniritsa lonjezo lake losamalira zofunika zazikulu za amene ‘amasiya nyumba, kapena abale, kapena alongo,’ chifukwa cha Ufumu. (Marko 10:29, 30) Abramu ‘anabalanso miyoyo’ kutanthauza kuti anali ndi antchito ambiri. Baibulo la Jerusalem Targum ndiponso la Chaldee Paraphrase limanena kuti Abramu ‘anawatembenuza.’ (Genesis 18:19) Kodi chikhulupiriro chanu chimakusonkhezerani kulalikira kwa anansi anu, anzanu akuntchito, kapena anzanu akusukulu? M’malo mokhazikika ku Harana ndi kuiwala lamulo la Mulungu, Abramu anagwiritsa ntchito nthaŵi yomwe anakhala kumeneko mwaphindu. Koma tsopano nthaŵi yake yokhala ku Harana inali itatha. “Ndipo anamuka Abramu monga Yehova ananena kwa iye.”—Genesis 12:4.
Kuwoloka Mtsinje wa Firate
13. Kodi ndi liti pamene Abramu anawoloka mtsinje wa Firate ndipo zimenezo zinatanthauzanji?
13 Abramu analinso paulendo wina. Anachoka ku Harana kuyenda mtunda wa makilomita 90 kuloŵera kumadzulo. Mwina Abramu anaima pamalo ena ake owolokera mtsinje wa Firate kuchokera ku malo azamalonda akale otchedwa Karikemisi. Pamalo ameneŵa ndipo ankawolokera anthu ambiri apaulendo. * Kodi Abramu anawoloka liti mtsinjewo? Baibulo limasonyeza kuti anawoloka zaka 430 Ayuda asanachoke ku Igupto pa Nisani 14, 1513 B.C.E. Eksodo 12:41 amanena kuti: “Kunakhala pakutha zaka mazana anayi kudza makumi atatu, inde panakhala tsiku lomwelo, makamu onse a Yehova anatuluka m’dziko la Aigupto.” Mwinamwake pangano la Abrahamu linayamba kugwira ntchito pa Nisani 14, 1943 B.C.E. pamene Abramu momvera anawoloka mtsinje wa Firate.
14. (a) Kodi Abramu anaona chiyani ndi maso ake achikhulupiriro? (b) Kodi anthu a Mulungu lerolino ali odala kwambiri kuposa Abramu m’lingaliro lotani?
14 Ngakhale kuti Abramu anali atachoka mumzinda wolemera kwambiri, iye tsopano anali ndi chithunzithunzi cha “mudzi wokhala nawo maziko,” boma lolungama lolamulira anthu. (Ahebri 11:10) Inde, ndi mfundo zochepa, Abramu anayamba kuzindikira mbali zikuluzikulu za chifuno cha Mulungu chowombola mtundu wa anthu womafawu. Lerolino, ndife odala zedi chifukwa tikudziŵa zinthu zochuluka zokhudza zifuno za Mulungu kuposa Abramu. (Miyambo 4:18) “Mudzi” kapena kuti boma la Ufumu lomwe Abramu analiyembekezera tsopano linakhazikitsidwa kumwamba mu 1914. Choncho, kodi sitingakonde kumachita zinthu zosonyeza kukhulupirira ndi kudalira Yehova?
Moyo Wokhala M’mahema M’dziko Lolonjezedwa Uyamba
15, 16. (a) N’chifukwa chiyani Abramu anafunikira kulimba mtima kuti amangire Yehova guwa la nsembe? (b) Kodi Akristu lerolino angakhale olimba mtima motani mofanana ndi Abramu?
15 Genesis 12:5, 6 amatiuza kuti: “Ndipo anadza ku dziko la Kanani. Ndipo Abramu anapitirira m’dziko kufikira ku malo a Sekemu, kufikira ku mtengo wathundu wa ku More.” Sekemu anali pa mtunda wa makilomita 50 kumpoto kwa Yerusalemu ndipo anali m’chigwa chachonde chomwe chimatchedwa “Paradaiso wa dziko lopatulika.” Ngakhale zinali choncho, “Akanani anali m’dzikomo nthaŵi yomweyo.” Popeza kuti Akanani anali ndi makhalidwe onyansa, Abramu anali wosamala kuteteza banja lake kuti lisakopeke ndi mikhalidwe yawo yoipayo.—Eksodo 34:11-16.
16 Kachiŵirinso “Yehova anaonekera kwa Abramu nati, ‘Ndidzapatsa mbewu yako dziko lino.’” Zinalitu zokondweretsa kwabasi! N’zoona kuti Abramu anafunikira chikhulupiriro kuti akondwere ndi dziko lomwe adzadyerere ndi ana ake am’tsogolo. Komabe poyankha Abramu “anam’mangira Yehova guwa la nsembe amene anamuonekera iye.” (Genesis 12:7) Katswiri wina wamaphunziro a Baibulo anati: “Kumanga guwa la nsembe m’dzikomo inali njira yoyenera yosonyeza kulandira dziko chifukwa cha kukhulupirika kwake.” Kumanga guwa la nsembe loterolo kunalinso kulimba mtima. Mosakayika guwa limenelo linali lapadera lomwe m’kupita kwanthaŵi analitchula m’pangano la Chilamulo kuti analimanga ndi miyala yachilengedwe (osati yosema). (Eksodo 20:24, 25) Linali looneka mosiyana kwambiri ndi maguwa omwe Akanani ankagwiritsa ntchito. Chotero Abramu analimba mtima kudzisonyeza kwa onse kuti iye ndi wolambira Mulungu woona Yehova, akumalolera kuchitidwa zoipa mwinanso kuvulazidwa kumene. Bwanji nanga ife lerolino? Kodi enafe, makamaka achinyamata, timadzibisa kuti amene timakhala moyandikana nawo kapena anzathu akusukulu asadziŵe kuti timalambira Yehova? Chitsanzo cha Abramu cha kulimba mtima chitilimbikitsetu tonsefe kunyadira potchedwa atumiki a Yehova!
17. Kodi Abramu anasonyeza motani kuti anali mlaliki wa dzina la Mulungu, ndipo kodi zimenezi zikukumbutsa Akristu chiyani lerolino?
17 Kulikonse komwe Abramu anapita, anaika kulambira Yehova patsogolo pa zonse. “Ndipo iye anachoka kumeneko kumka ku phiri la kum’maŵa kwa Beteli, namanga hema wake; Beteli anali kumadzulo, ndi Ai anali kum’maŵa: kumeneko ndipo anam’mangira Yehova guwa la nsembe, naitanira dzina la Yehova.” (Genesis 12:8) Mawu achihebri otembenuzidwa m’Chicheŵa kuti ‘kuitanira dzina’ amatanthauzanso ‘kulengeza (kulalikira) dzina.’ Mosakayika Abramu analengeza dzina la Yehova kwa Akanani amene ankakhala moyandikana nawo. (Genesis 14:22-24) Zimenezi zikutikumbutsa udindo womwe tili nawo lerolino wogwira nawo kwambiri ntchito ‘yolengeza dzina lake’ momwe tingathere.—Ahebri 13:15; Aroma 10:10.
18. Kodi ubale wa Abramu ndi anthu a ku Kanani unali wotani?
18 Abramu sanakhale nthaŵi yaitali m’malo onse tatchulawo. “Ndipo Abramu anayenda ulendo wake, nayendayenda kumka kumwera”—dera louma kumwera kwa mapiri a Yuda. (Genesis 12:9) Mwa kupitirizabe kusamuka ndi kudzidziŵikitsa monga wolambira Yehova m’malo atsopano alionsewo, Abramu ndi banja lake ‘anavomereza kuti anali alendo ndi ogonera padziko.’ (Ahebri 11:13) Nthaŵi zonse, anali osamala kuti asayanjane kwambiri ndi anthu achikunja okhala moyandikana nawo. Akristunso lerolino ayenera kupitiriza kupeŵa ‘kukhala a dziko lapansi.’ (Yohane 17:16) Ngakhale kuti ndife okoma mtima ndi oganizira anansi athu ndiponso anzathu akuntchito, timasamala kuti tisaloŵerere m’mikhalidwe yomwe imasonyeza mzimu wadziko lotalikirana ndi Mulunguli.—Aefeso 2:2, 3.
19. (a) N’chifukwa chiyani moyo wosamukasamuka unali wovuta kwa Abramu ndi Sarai? (b) Kodi Abramu anali kudzakumana ndi mavuto ena otani m’tsogolo?
19 Tisaiwale kuti kusinthira ku moyo watsopano wosamukasamuka sikunali kwapafupi kwa Abramu ngakhalenso kwa Sarai. Iwo anali kupeza zakudya kuchokera ku zoweta zawo m’malo mokagula ku masitolo odzaza bwino a mumzinda wa Uri. Anali kukhala m’mahema m’malo mokhala m’nyumba zabwino. (Ahebri 11:9) Abramu anali ndi zochita zambiri pa moyo wake. Anali ndi ntchito yochuluka yosamalira zoweta zake ndi antchito ake. Sarai mosakayika anali kugwira ntchito zomwe akazi ankagwira pachikhalidwe chawo. Ntchito monga kusinja ufa, kuphika chakudya, kuluka, ndiponso kusoka zovala. (Genesis 18:6, 7; 2 Mafumu 23:7; Miyambo 31:19; Ezekieli 13:18) Komabe, ziyeso zina zinali m’tsogolo. Posachedwa Abramu ndi banja lake anali kudzakumana ndi vuto lomwe linaika miyoyo yawo yeniyeniyo pangozi! Kodi kukhulupirika kwa Abramu kunali kokwanira mwakuti n’kuthana ndi vutolo?
[Mawu a M’munsi]
^ ndime 3 Ngakhale kuti tsopano mtsinje wa Firate umadutsa pamtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 16 kum’maŵa kwa malo omwe kale panali mzinda wa Uri, umboni ukusonyeza kuti kalelo mtsinjewo unkadutsa pafupi kwambiri chakumadzulo kwa mzindawo. N’chifukwa chake Abramu ankati anali wochokera “tsidya lija la mtsinje [wa Firate].”—Yoswa 24:3.
^ ndime 13 Patapita zaka mazana ambiri, Mfumu ya Asuri Ashurnasirpal wachiŵiri anagwiritsa ntchito ngalawa powoloka mtsinje wa Firate pafupi ndi Karikemisi. Baibulo silimanena ngati Abramu anapanga ngalawa powoloka ndi katundu wake kapena ayi.
Kodi Mwazindikira?
• N’chifukwa chiyani Abramu amatchedwa “kholo la onse akukhulupira”?
• N’chifukwa chiyani Abramu anafunikira chikhulupiriro kuti achoke ku Uri wa kwa Akaldayo?
• Kodi Abramu anasonyeza motani kuti ankaika kulambira Yehova patsogolo?
[Mafunso]
[Mapu patsamba 16]
(Onani m’magazini yeniyeni kuti mumvetse izi)
ULENDO WA ABRAMU
Uri
Harana
Karikemisi
KANANI
Nyanja Yaikulu
[Mawu a Chithunzi]
Kuchokera pa mapu opangidwa ndi a Pictorial Archive (Pafupi ndi Eastern History) Est. ndi a Survey of Israel
[Chithunzi patsamba 15]
Abramu anafunikira chikhulupiriro kuti asiye moyo wabwino umene unali mumzinda wa Uri
[Chithunzi patsamba 18]
Mwa kukhala m’mahema, Abramu ndi banja lake ‘anavomereza kuti anali alendo ndi ogonera padziko’