Kodi Muli ndi Vuto Ndinu Kapena Chibadwa Chanu?

ASAYANSI sagona tulo kufufuza kuti apeze zinthu zachibadwa zimene zimayambitsa uchidakwa, kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, chiwawa, ndi makhalidwe ena achilendo, ndiponso ngakhale imfa. Kodi mitima yathu singatsike pansi ngati titapeza kuti zimene timachita si vuto la ife koma chibadwa chathu? Anthu mwachibadwa timakonda kuimba mlandu munthu kapena chinthu china chifukwa cha zolakwa zathu.

Asayansi akuti ngati vuto lili ndi chibadwa, zingatheke kuchisintha ndi kuchotsa makhalidwe osafunika mwa njira yokonza chibadwacho. Posachedwapa, asayansi akwanitsa kufufuza ndi kuona chibadwa chonse cha munthu ndipo zimenezi zawalimbitsa mtima kuti zingatheke kuchikonza.

Komabe, maziko a chiyembekezo chimenechi ndi akuti chibadwa chathu n’chimene chimatichititsa kuchimwa ndiponso kulakwitsa. Kodi ofufuza a sayansi apeza umboni wokwanira kuti aimbe mlandu chibadwa? Mwachidziŵikire, yankho la funso limeneli lidzakhudza kwambiri mmene timadzionera ndiponso mmene timaonera tsogolo lathu. Komabe, tisanayambe kupenda maumboni, tiyeni tione mmene anthu anayambira chifukwa tikatero titseguka maso.

Mmene Uchimo Unayambira

Anthu ambiri amadziŵa kapena anamvapo za nkhani ya kuchimwa kwa anthu aŵiri oyamba, Adamu ndi Hava, m’munda wa Edene. Kodi anawapanga ndi chibadwa cholakwika kuyambira pachiyambi pomwe, nthenya imene inalipo powapanga imene inachititsa kuti kaya afune kapena asafune adzachimwabe ndi kukhala osamvera?

Mlengi wawo, Yehova Mulungu, amene ntchito zake zonse n’zangwiro, ananena kuti zinthu zonse za pansi pano zimene analenga zinali “zabwino ndithu.” (Genesis 1:31; Deuteronomo 32:4) Umboni winanso woti anakhutira ndi ntchito yake ndiwo wakuti anadalitsa anthu oyambawo ndi kuwalangiza kuti abalane, adzaze dziko lapansi ndi kulamulira zinthu za pansi pano zimene Mulungu analenga. Kunena zoona, akanakhala kuti anali kukayikira ntchito yake sakanachita zimenezi.​—Genesis 1:28.

Baibulo limatiuza za kulengedwa kwa anthu aŵiri oyambawo kuti: “Mulungu ndipo adalenga munthu m’chifanizo chake, m’chifanizo cha Mulungu adam’lenga iye; adalenga iwo mwamuna ndi mkazi.” (Genesis 1:27) Zimenezi sizitanthauza kuti anthu anawapanga kuti azioneka monga mmene amaonekera Mulungu, popeza “Mulungu ndiye mzimu.” (Yohane 4:24) M’malo mwake, zimatanthauza kuti anthu anawapatsa makhalidwe ofanana ndi a Mulungu, ndi kudziŵa za  makhalidwe abwino, chikumbumtima. (Aroma 2:14, 15) Anawapatsanso ufulu wosankha, kuti azitha kuona nkhani yonse bwinobwino ndi kusankha zoti achite.

Komabe, makolo athu oyambawo sanangowasiya opanda malangizo. M’malo mwake, anawachenjeza zomwe zingachitike akachimwa. (Genesis 2:17) Motero umboni ukusonyeza kuti Adamu atakumana ndi vuto loti asankhe chochita, iye anasankha zimene anaona ngati n’zaphindu panthaŵiyo. Anatsanzira mkazi wake kuchita choipa m’malo moganizira ubale wake ndi Mlengi kapena zotsatira za zochita zakezo zimene zinali zotenga nthaŵi yaitali. Iye kenako anaimbanso mlandu Yehova kuti mkazi amene anam’patsa anam’chimwitsa.​—Genesis 3:6, 12; 1 Timoteo 2:14.

Mmene Mulungu anachitira Adamu ndi Hava atachimwa zingatipatse yankho. Iye sanakonze ‘nthenya imene amati inalipo m’thupi lawo powapanga.’ M’malo mwake, iye anachita zimene anawauza kuti zidzakhala zotsatira za zochita zawo zimene m’kupita kwa nthaŵi zinachititsa kuti amwalire. (Genesis 3:17-19) Mbiri ya anthu yoyambirira imeneyi ikutithandiza kumvetsa mmene makhalidwe a anthu alili. *

Umboni Woti Si Chibadwa Chimene Chili ndi Vuto

Kwa nthaŵi yaitali, asayansi akhala akugwira ntchito yaikulu yofufuza kuti apeze zinthu zachibadwa zimene zimayambitsa matenda ndi makhalidwe a anthu komanso mankhwala ake. Magulu ofufuza asanu ndi limodzi atagwira ntchito kwa zaka khumi, anapeza chinthu chachibadwa chimene chimayambitsa nthenda ya maganizo yotchedwa Huntington ngakhale kuti ofufuzawo sakudziŵa kuti chimayambitsa bwanji nthendayi. Komabe, pofotokoza za kufufuzaku, magazini ya Scientific American inagwira mawu katswiri wina wa sayansi ya zamoyo, Evan Balaban, amene ananena kuti zikhala “zovuta kwambiri kupeza zinthu zachibadwa zimene zimayambitsa makhalidwe oipa.”

Ndipotu, atafufuza kuti apeze zinthu zachibadwa zimene zimayambitsa makhalidwe a anthu, analephera kuzipeza. Mwachitsanzo, magazini ya Psychology Today, inapereka lipoti la ntchito yofufuza kuti apeze zinthu zachibadwa zimene zimayambitsa kuvutika maganizo, kuti: “Ziŵerengero zosonyeza kuyambika kwa matenda aakulu a m’maganizo ndi kuwathetsa kwake zikusonyeza bwino lomwe kuti si chibadwa chokha chimene chimayambitsa matendaŵa ayi. Lipotilo linapereka chitsanzo ichi: “Anthu a ku America amene anabadwa chaka cha 1905 chisanafike, munthu mmodzi mwa anthu 100 alionse ndi amene anali kuvutika maganizo pamsinkhu wa zaka 75. Amene anabadwa patapita zaka 50, anthu 6 mwa anthu 100 alionse anali kuvutika maganizo pamsinkhu  wa zaka 24!” Choncho, magaziniyi pomaliza inati zinthu za kunja kwa thupi kapena chikhalidwe cha anthu zingachititse zinthu kusintha choncho m’nthaŵi yochepa ngati imeneyo.

Kodi kufufuza kumeneku ndi kufufuza kwina kumene achita maulendo ambirimbiri kukutiuza chiyani? Kukusonyeza kuti ngakhale kuti chibadwa chingakhudze mmene mtima wathu ulili, mwachionekere palinso zinthu zina zimene zimachititsa zimenezi. Chinthu chachikulu kwambiri ndicho dziko limene tikukhala lino limene lasintha kwambiri masiku ano. Buku lakuti Boys Will Be Boys linafotokoza zinthu zimene achinyamata masiku ano amaonerera m’zosangalatsa zotchuka. Linati n’zokayikitsa kuti achinyamata adzakhala ndi makhalidwe abwino pamene iwo “amakhalira kuonera mafilimu a pa wailesi ya kanema ambirimbiri amene amasonyeza anthu akuwamenya, kuwaombera, kuwabaya ndi mpeni, kuwatumbula, kuwadula nthulinthuli, kuwachotsa chikopa kapena ziwalo. Ndiponso iwo amakhalira kumvetsera nyimbo zimene zimalimbikitsa kugwirira, kudzipha, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mowa komanso kusalolera maganizo a ena.”

Mwachionekere, Satana, “mkulu wa dziko ili lapansi,” walikonza kuti lizikwaniritsa zofuna zoipa kwambiri za anthu. Kodi alipo angatsutse kuti zimenezi zimatisonkhezera mwamphamvu kwambiri tonsefe?​—Yohane 12:31; Aefeso 6:12; Chivumbulutso 12:9, 12.

Gwero la Mavuto a Anthu

Monga taonera, mavuto a anthu anayamba pamene anthu aŵiri oyamba aja anachimwa. Kodi zitatero chinachitika n’chiyani? Ngakhale kuti mibadwo ya ana a Adamu ilibe mlandu chifukwa cha tchimo la kholo lawolo, onse amabadwa ndi uchimo, kupanda ungwiro, ndi imfa monga zinthu zomwe anatengera kwa makolo awo. Baibulo limafotokoza kuti: “Chifukwa chake, monga uchimo unaloŵa m’dziko lapansi mwa munthu mmodzi, ndi imfa mwa uchimo; chotero imfa inafikira anthu onse, chifukwa kuti onse anachimwa.”​—Aroma 5:12.

Kupanda ungwiro kwa anthu kwawaika pa vuto lalikulu. Komabe zimenezi sizikutanthauza kuti munthu sangathe kuchita zabwino. Baibulo limasonyeza kuti Yehova adzayanja amene amakhulupirira zimene anakonza kuti anthu adzakhale ndi moyo ndiponso kutsatira miyezo yake. Chifukwa cha chikondi chimenechi, Yehova mwachifundo anakonza zowombola anthu, kapena kuti kugulanso zimene Adamu anataya. Makonzedwe amenewo ndiwo nsembe ya dipo ya mwana wake wangwiro, Yesu Kristu, amene anati: “Mulungu anakonda dziko lapansi kotero, kuti anapatsa Mwana wake wobadwa yekha, kuti yense wakukhulupirira Iye asatayike, koma akhale nawo moyo wosatha.”​—Yohane 3:16; 1 Akorinto 15:21, 22.

Mtumwi Paulo anayamikira ndi mtima wonse makonzedwe ameneŵa. Iye anati: “Munthu wosauka ine; adzandilanditsa ndani m’thupi la imfa iyi? Ndiyamika Mulungu, mwa Yesu Kristu Ambuye wathu.” (Aroma 7:24, 25) Paulo anadziŵa kuti ngati akanachimwa chifukwa cha kufooka, akanatha kupempha Mulungu kuti amukhululukire pa maziko a nsembe ya dipo ya Yesu Kristu. *

Lerolino, monga mmene zinalili m’zaka 100 zoyambirira za nyengo yathu ino, anthu ambiri amene poyamba anali ndi makhalidwe oipa kwambiri kapena amene ankaoneka kuti analibe chiyembekezo chilichonse pa moyo wawo adziŵa zolondola za choonadi cha m’Baibulo. Iwo asintha miyoyo yawo, ndipo akuyembekezera kulandira madalitso a Mulungu. Zinali zovuta kuti asinthe ndipo ambiri amalimbanabe ndi zizolowezi zovulaza. Koma mothandizidwa ndi Mulungu, iwo akukhalabe okhulupirika ndi kusangalala pomutumikira. (Afilipi 4:13) Taonani chitsanzo chimodzi cha munthu wina amene anasintha kwambiri kuti asangalatse Mulungu.

 Nkhani Yolimbikitsa Kwambiri

“Pamene ndinali mnyamata ku sukulu yogonera komweko, ndinayamba kugonana ndi amuna anzanga, ngakhale kuti sindinali kuganiza kuti ndidzakhala munthu wotero. Makolo anga anasudzulana ndipo ndinalakalaka chikondi cha makolo chimene sindinachipezenso. Nditamaliza sukulu, anandiumiriza kuloŵa usilikali. Ku malo a asilikali, kunali gulu la amuna ogonana okhaokha amene anali pafupi nane. Ndinkasilira khalidwe lawolo, motero ndinayamba kucheza nawo. Nditacheza nawo kwa chaka chimodzi, nanenso ndinali kugonana ndi amuna anzanga. M’maganizo mwanga ndinati, ‘Umenewu ndiwo ukhale moyo wanga, sindingasinthe.’

“Ndinayamba kuphunzira kalankhulidwe ka anthu ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndipo ndinayamba kupita ku makalabu awo kumene kunkapezeka mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mowa wambirimbiri. Ngakhale kuti zinkaoneka ngati zosangalatsa, kunena zoona zinali zinthu zonyansa kwambiri. Pansi pa mtima ndinkaona kuti kuchita zimenezi sikunali kwachibadwa ndipo kunali kudziwonongera tsogolo.

“Ndili m’tauni ina yaing’ono, ndinaona Nyumba ya Ufumu ya Mboni za Yehova ndipo panthaŵiyo n’kuti msonkhano uli mkati. Ndinaloŵa ndi kumvetsera nkhani imene inkafotokoza za Paradaiso amene adzabwera m’tsogolo. Kenako ndinakumana ndi Mboni zina ndipo zinandiitanira ku msonkhano waukulu. Ndinapita nawo ndipo ndinatseguka maso kuona mabanja achimwemwe akulambira limodzi. Ndinayamba kuphunzira Baibulo ndi Mboni.

“Ndinayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zimene ndinali kuphunzira m’Baibulo ngakhale kuti zinkandivuta kwambiri. Ndinasiya makhalidwe anga onse oipa. Nditaphunzira kwa miyezi 14, ndinapatulira moyo wanga kwa Yehova ndipo ndinabatizidwa. Ndinapeza mabwenzi enieni kwa nthaŵi yoyamba pa moyo wanga. Ndathandizapo ena kuphunzira choonadi cha m’Baibulo, ndipo tsopano ndine mtumiki wotumikira mumpingo wachikristu. Yehova wandidalitsadi.”

Tili ndi Udindo

Kuimba mlandu chibadwa chifukwa cha makhalidwe athu oipa si njira yothetsera mavuto. Magazini ya Psychology Today inati kuimba mlandu chibadwa, m’malo moti kutithandize kuthetsa mavuto, “kungatiphunzitse kusoŵa chochita zimene zikuyambitsa mavuto ambiri amene tikukumana nawo. M’malo mochepetsa mavuto ameneŵa, zikuoneka kuti kuchita zimenezi kukuwakulitsa.”

N’zoona kuti tifunika kulimbana ndi mphamvu zazikulu zoipa, monga kukonda kwathu uchimo ndiponso zimene Satana akuchita kuti tisamvere Mulungu. (1 Petro 5:8) N’zoonanso kuti chibadwa chathu chingatisonkhezere m’njira zina. Koma sizikutanthauza kuti sitingachitire mwina. Akristu oona ali ndi owathandiza amphamvu kwambiri, omwe ndi Yehova, Yesu Kristu, mzimu woyera wa Mulungu, Mawu ake Baibulo, ndiponso mpingo wachikristu.​—1 Timoteo 6:11, 12; 1 Yohane 2:1.

Mose anakumbutsa mtundu wa Aisrayeli asanaloŵe m’dziko lolonjezedwa za udindo wawo kwa Mulungu. Anati: “Ndaika pamaso panu moyo ndi imfa, mdalitso ndi temberero; potero, sankhani moyo, kuti mukhale ndi moyo, inu ndi mbewu zanu; kukonda Yehova Mulungu wanu, kumvera mawu ake, ndi kummamatira iye.” (Deuteronomo 30:19, 20) N’chimodzimodzinso lerolino. Aliyense ayenera kusankha kaya kutumikira Mulungu ndi kuchita zimene Mulunguyo amafuna kapena kusatero. Sankhani nokha.​—Agalatiya 6:7, 8.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Zithunzi patsamba 9]

Kodi Adamu ndi Hava anali oti kaya afune kapena asafune adzachimwabe basi chifukwa cha nthenya ya m’chibadwa chawo?

[Zithunzi patsamba 10]

Kodi munthu aliyense ayenera kuvomereza kuti ali ndi mlandu pa zimene wasankha kuchita?

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo: Godo-Foto

[Chithunzi patsamba 11]

Atafufuza kuti apeze zinthu zachibadwa zimene zimayambitsa makhalidwe a anthu analephera kuzipeza

[Chithunzi patsamba 12]

Kugwiritsa ntchito zimene Baibulo limanena kungathandize anthu oona mtima kusintha