Mawu a Yehova Ndi Amoyo

Mfundo Zazikulu za M’buku la Samueli Woyamba

PODZAFIKA m’chaka cha 1117 B.C.E., zaka pafupifupi 300 zinali zitadutsa kuchokera pamene Yoswa anatsiriza kulanda Dziko Lolonjezedwa. Akuluakulu a Israyeli anabwera kwa mneneri wa Yehova kudzam’pempha chinthu chapadera kwambiri. Mneneriyu anapemphera za nkhaniyi, ndipo Yehova anavomera kuti zofuna zawozo zichitike. Kumenekutu kunali kutha kwa nyengo ya Oweruza ndi kuyambika kwa ulamuliro wa mafumu mu Israyeli. Buku la m’Baibulo la Samueli Woyamba likufotokoza nkhani zochititsa chidwi zochitika m’nthawi yofunikayi ya kusintha kwa zinthu m’mbiri ya mtundu wa Israyeli.

Buku la Samueli Woyamba limene linalembedwa ndi Samueli, Natani ndiponso Gadi, likufotokoza zochitika m’nyengo ya zaka 102, kuchokera m’chaka cha 1180 kudzafika m’chaka cha 1078 B.C.E. (1 Mbiri 29:29) Mmenemu muli nkhani za atsogoleri anayi a Israyeli. Awiri mwa atsogoleri amenewa anali oweruza ndipo awiri enawo anali mafumu, komanso awiri anamvera Yehova ndipo awiri sanamvere. Mulinso nkhani za akazi awiri azitsanzo zabwino komanso timapezamo nkhani ya msilikali wolimba mtima koma wofatsa. M’zitsanzo zimenezi timaphunziramo mfundo zofunika kwambiri zokhudza maganizo ndi zochitika zoyenera kuzitsanzira komanso zofunika kuzipewa. Choncho nkhani za m’buku la Samueli Woyamba zingatithandize kuganiza ndi kuchita zinthu mwanzeru.​—Ahebri 4:12.

SAMUELI ANALOWA M’MALO ELI MONGA WOWERUZA

(1 Samueli 1:1–7:17)

Mmene nthawi ya Madyerero a Kututa inali kukwana, Hana, amene anali kukhala ku Rama, anali ndi chimwemwe chodzaza tsaya. * Yehova anali atayankha mapemphero ake, ndipo anabereka mwana wamwamuna. Pofuna kukwaniritsa lumbiro lake, Hana anatenga mwana wake Samueli ndi kukam’pereka ku “nyumba ya Yehova” kuti azikatumikira kumeneko. Mnyamatayu kumeneko anali ‘kutumikira Yehova pamaso pa Eli wansembeyo.’ (1 Samueli 1:24; 2:11) Samueli adakali wamng’ono, Yehova analankhula naye ndipo anamuuza za chiweruzo chimene adzapereke ku banja la Eli. Pamene Samueli anali kukula, anthu onse mu Israyeli anali kum’dziwa monga mneneri wa Yehova.

Patapita nthawi, Afilisti anaukira Israyeli. Ndipo analanda Likasa ndi kupha ana aamuna awiri a Eli. Eli amene anali wokalamba, anamwalira atangomva nkhani imeneyi. Apa n’kuti ‘ataweruza anthu a Israyeli zaka makumi anayi.’ (1 Samueli 4:18) Afilisti anaona zoopsa chifukwa chosunga Likasalo, mwakuti analibweza kwa Aisrayeli. Tsopano Samueli anayamba kuweruza Israyeli, ndipo m’dzikomo munali mtendere.

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

2:10​—N’chifukwa chiyani Hana anapemphera kuti Yehova “adzapatsa mphamvu mfumu yake” pamene mu Israyeli munalibe mfumu? Chilamulo cha Mose chinali chitaneneratu kuti Aisrayeli adzakhala ndi mfumu. (Deuteronomo 17:14-18) Muulosi umene anaunena ali pafupi kumwalira, Yakobo anati: “Ndodo yachifumu [chizindikiro cha ulamuliro wa mfumu] siidzachoka mwa Yuda.” (Genesis 49:10) Komanso, ponena za Sara, mayi wa fuko la Israyeli, Yehova anati: “Mafumu a anthu adzatuluka mwa iye.” (Genesis 17:16) Choncho, m’pemphero lakeli, Hana ankanena za mfumu ya m’tsogolo.

3:3​—Kodi Samueli anagonadi m’Malo Opatulikitsa? Ayi, sanagonemo. Samueli anali Mlevi wa fuko la Kohati lomwe silinali fuko la ansembe. (1 Mbiri 6:33-38) Pa chifukwa chimenechi, iye sanali wololedwa ‘kulowa kukaona zopatulikazo.’ (Numeri 4:17-20) Mbali yokha ya malo opatulikawo kumene Samueli anali waufulu kufikako inali bwalo la chihemacho. Ayenera kuti iye anagona kumeneko.  Zikuoneka kuti Eli nayenso anali atagona penapake m’bwalo lomweli. Mawu akuti “mmene munali likasa la Mulungu,” ayenera kuti akunena malo amene panali chihemacho.

7:7-9, 17​—Popeza kuti nsembe zinayenera kuperekedwa nthawi zonse pa malo okhawo omwe Yehova wasankha, n’chifukwa chiyani Samueli anapereka nsembe yopsereza ku Mizipa ndi kumanga guwa la nsembe ku Rama? (Deuteronomo 12:4-7, 13, 14; Yoswa 22:19) Likasa lopatulika litachotsedwa m’chihema ku Silo, zinali zoonekeratu kuti Yehova sanalinso kumeneko. Choncho monga woimira Mulungu, Samueli anapereka nsembe yopsereza ku Mizipa ndiponso anamanga guwa la nsembe ku Rama. Zikuoneka kuti Yehova anagwirizana nazo zomwe Samueli anachitazi.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

1:11, 12, 21-23; 2:19. Mtima wa Hana wokonda kupemphera, kudzichepetsa kwake, kuyamikira kukoma mtima kwa Yehova ndiponso chikondi chosatha chimene Hana anali nacho monga kholo, zikupereka chitsanzo chabwino kwa akazi onse oopa Mulungu.

1:8. Elikana anapereka chitsanzo chabwino zedi cholankhula mawu olimbikitsa ena. (Yobu 16:5) Choyamba anafunsa Hana wachisoniyo funso losonyeza kuti sanali kumuimba mlandu, iye anati: “Mtima wako uwawa ninji?” Funsoli linamulimbikitsa kufotokoza mmene anali kumvera. Kenako Elikana anamutsimikizira kuti amam’konda, mwa kunena kuti: “Ine sindili wakuposa ana khumi kwa iwe kodi?”

2:26; 3:5-8, 15, 19. Ngati timagwira mwakhama ntchito imene Mulungu watipatsa, timagwiritsa ntchito maphunziro auzimu, komanso ngati ndife aulemu, Mulungu ndiponso anthu ‘adzatikomera mtima.’

4:3, 4, 10. Likasa la chipangano lenilenilo, lomwe linali lopatulika, silinali ngati chithumwa choti n’kuteteza munthu. Tiyenera ‘kudzisungira tokha kupewa mafano.’​—1 Yohane 5:21.

KODI MFUMU YOYAMBA YA ISRAYELI INACHITA BWINO KAPENA AYI?

(1 Samueli 8:1–15:35)

Samueli anali wokhulupirika kwa Yehova moyo wake wonse, koma ana ake aamuna sanayende m’njira ya Mulungu. Pamene akuluakulu a Israyeli anapempha kuti akufuna mfumu, Yehova anawalola. Samueli anatsatira malangizo a Yehova ndipo anadzoza ufumu Sauli, mnyamata wooneka bwino wa fuko la Benjamini. Sauli analimbitsa mphamvu zake zaufumu mwa kugonjetsa Aamoni.

Jonatani, mwana wolimba mtima wa Sauli anagonjetsa asilikali achifilisti. Kenako Afilistiwo anabwera ndi gulu lalikulu la asilikali kudzamenyana ndi Israyeli. Sauli anachita mantha kwambiri ndipo anapereka nsembe yopsereza, zomwe zinasonyeza kusamvera. Jonatani anapita molimba mtima kukaukira mzinda wina wa Afilisti, ndipo panthawiyi anangotenga mnyamata wake wonyamula zida yekha. Kulumbira mosaganizira bwino kwa Sauli, kunachititsa kuti alephere kugonjetseratu adani awo. Sauli anamenya nkhondo ndi adani ake onse omuzungulira. (1 Samueli 14:47) Koma atagonjetsa Aamaleki, iye sanamvere Yehova mwa kusunga zinthu zoyenera kuwonongedwa. (Levitiko 27:28, 29) Zotsatira zake zinali zakuti Yehova sanalinso kugwirizana ndi ufumu wa Sauli.

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

9:9​—Kodi chochititsa chidwi n’chiyani ndi mawu akuti “iye wotchedwa mneneri makono ano, anatchedwa mlauli kale.”? Mawu amenewa akusonyeza kuti pamene aneneri anali kuchuluka m’masiku a Samueli komanso m’nthawi imene Israyeli anayamba kulamuliridwa ndi mafumu, anthu anasiya kugwiritsa ntchito liwu lakuti “mlauli” m’malo mwake anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito liwu lakuti “mneneri.” Samueli anali mneneri woyamba mwa aneneri amenewo.​—Machitidwe 3:24.

14:24-32, 44, 45​—Kodi Mulungu sanalinso kumuyanja Jonatani chifukwa choswa lumbiro la Sauli mwa kudya uchi? Zimene Jonatani anachita sizikuonetsa kuti zinam’chititsa kusayanjidwa ndi Mulungu. Choyamba, Jonatani sankadziwa za lumbiro limene atate akewo anachita. Komanso, lumbiro limeneli, lomwe analichita mwina chifukwa cha changu chachinyengo kapena chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zaufumu molakwika, linadzetsa mavuto kwa anthu. Kodi Mulungu akanavomereza lumbiro loterolo? Jonatani sanaphedwe, ngakhale kuti anali wokonzeka kulandira zotsatira za kuswa lumbiro limenelo.

15:6​—N’chifukwa chiyani Sauli anakomera mtima Akeni mwapadera? Akeni anali ana a apongozi a Mose. Akeni anathandiza Aisrayeli atachoka pa Phiri la Sinai. (Numeri 10:29-32) M’dziko la Kanani,  Akeni analinso kukhalira limodzi ndi ana a Yuda kwa kanthawi ndithu. (Oweruza 1:16) Akeni anali mabwenzi ndithu kwa ana a Israyeli, ngakhale kuti iwo pambuyo pake anachoka nakakhala ndi Aamaleki ndiponso anthu amitundu ina. Chotero pa chifukwa chabwino Sauli sanawononge Akeniwo.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

9:21; 10:22, 27. Kufatsa ndi kudzichepetsa komwe Sauli anali nako atangokhala kumene mfumu, kunam’teteza kuti asachite zinthu mopupuluma pamene anthu ena “oipa” sanafune kuvomereza ufumu wake. Ndithudi makhalidwe amenewa n’ngwoteteza munthu kuchita zinthu mosalingalira bwino!

12:20, 21. Musalole kuti “zinthu zachabe” zikulepheretseni kutumikira Yehova. Zinthu zachabe zimenezi zingakhale kukhulupirira anthu, kudalira mphamvu za asilikali adziko, kapena kupembedza mafano.

12:24. Chinthu chachikulu chimene chingatithandize kukhalabe ndi mantha aulemu kwa Yehova ndi kupitirizabe kumutumikira ndi mtima wathu wonse ndicho ‘kulingalira zinthu zazikuluzo iye anachitira’ anthu ake m’nthawi yakale komanso masiku ano.

13:10-14; 15:22-25, 30. Pewani kudzikuza, kumene kumaonekera m’zochita zosonyeza kusamvera kapena mtima wonyada.​—Miyambo 11:2.

KAMNYAMATA KOWETA NKHOSA ANAKASANKHA KUKHALA MFUMU

(1 Samueli 16:1–31:13)

Samueli anadzoza Davide wa fuko la Yuda kukhala mfumu ya m’tsogolo. Patangopita nthawi pang’ono, Davide anapha Goliati, chimphona cha chifilisti ndi mwala umodzi wokha woponyedwa ndi choponyera chotchedwa gulayi. Davide ndi Jonatani anakhala mabwenzi a ponda apa mpondepo. Sauli anaika Davide kukhala woyang’anira asilikali ake. Davide atagonjetsa adani ambiri, akazi a mu Israyeli anaimba kuti: “Sauli anapha zikwi zake, Koma Davide zikwi zake zankhani.” (1 Samueli 18:7) Podzazidwa ndi nsanje, Sauli anafuna kupha Davide. Sauli atayesa katatu kuti amuphe, Davide anathawa ndi kuyamba moyo wongozembazemba.

M’zaka zonse zimene anali wongothawathawa, Davide anasiya dala kupha Sauli kawiri konse pamene anali ndi mpata wonse woti akanatha kutero. Komanso anakumana ndi mkazi wokongola Abigayeli ndipo pambuyo pake anam’kwatira. Pamene Afilisti anaukira Israyeli, Sauli anafunsira kwa Yehova. Koma Yehova anali atamusiya, ndipo Samueli anali atamwalira. Posowa mtengo wogwira, Sauli anafunsira kwa wokhulupirira mizimu amene anamuuza kuti adzaphedwa pa nkhondo yolimbana ndi Afilisti. Nkhondo imeneyo ili m’kati, Sauli anavulazidwa koopsa, ndipo ana ake aamuna anaphedwa. Pamapeto pa zonse, Sauli anamwalira monga wolephera. Apa n’kuti Davide adakali kobisala.

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

16:14​—Kodi mzimu woipa umene unavutitsa Sauli n’chiyani? Mzimu woipa umene unasowetsa mtendere Sauli unali chilakolako choipa chomwe chinamera mizu m’maganizo ndi mu mtima mwake, chikhumbokhumbo chimene chinali kumulimbikitsa kuchita zoipa. Yehova atachotsa mzimu wake woyera, Sauli analibe chitetezo chilichonse ndipo mzimu wake woipawo ndi umene unali kumutsogolera. Popeza kuti Mulungu analola kuti mzimu umenewu utenge malo a mzimu Wake woyera, mzimu woipa umenewu ukutchedwa “mzimu woipa wochokera kwa Yehova.”

17:55-58​—Poona zimene zili pa lemba la 1 Samueli 16:17-23, n’chifukwa chiyani Sauli anafunsa kuti Davide ndi mwana wa yani? Sikuti Sauli apa  ankangofuna kudziwa dzina la atate ake a Davide ayi. Mosakayikira, iye ankafuna kudziwa kuti ndi munthu wamtundu wanji amene anabereka mnyamata ameneyu yemwe anali atangochita kumene zinthu zodabwitsa mwa kupha chimphona.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

16:6, 7. M’malo mokopeka ndi maonekedwe akunja a anthu ena kapena kungogamuliratu za anthuwo mofulumira, tiyenera kuyesetsa kuwaona mmene Yehova amawaonera.

17:47-50. Molimba mtima tingathe kulimbana ndi chitsutso kapena chizunzo chochokera kwa adani ofanana ndi Goliati chifukwa chakuti “Yehova ndiye mwini nkhondo.”

18:1, 3; 20:41, 42. Mabwenzi enieni tingawapeze pakati pa anthu okonda Yehova.

21:12, 13. Yehova amayembekezera kuti tizigwiritsa ntchito nzeru zathu ndi maluso athu pothana ndi mavuto m’moyo wathu. Watipatsa Mawu ake ouziridwa, omwe amatithandiza kukhala ochenjera, odziwa zinthu, ndiponso aluso la kulingalira. (Miyambo 1:4) Palinso akulu oikidwa achikristu omwe amatithandiza.

24:6; 26:11. Davide anasonyezatu chitsanzo chabwino kwabasi cha ulemu weniweni kwa wodzozedwa wa Yehova.

25:23-33. Abigayeli anasonyeza chitsanzo chabwino zedi cha kuchita zinthu mwanzeru.

28:8-19. Mizimu yoipa ingadziyerekeze ndi anthu enaake amene anamwalira, pongofuna kupusitsa anthu kapena kuwavulaza. Tiyenera kupewa kukhulupirira mizimu kwa mtundu uliwonse.​—Deuteronomo 18:10-12.

30:23, 24. Chosankha ichi, chogwirizana ndi lemba la Numeri 31:27, chikusonyeza kuti Yehova amaona anthu amene akugwira ntchito zing’onozing’ono mumpingo kukhala ofunika kwambiri. Chotero pa chilichonse chimene tikuchita tiyenera ‘kugwira ntchito mochokera mumtima, monga kwa Ambuye, osati kwa anthu ayi.’​—Akolose 3:23.

N’chiyani Chomwe Chili ‘Chokoma Kuposa Nsembe’?

Kodi zomwe zinachitika m’moyo wa Eli, Samueli, Sauli ndi Davide zikutsindika mfundo yofunika iti? Mfundo yofunika yakuti: “Kumvera ndiko kokoma koposa nsembe, kutchera khutu koposa mafuta a nkhosa zamphongo. Pakuti kupanduka kuli ngati choipa cha kuchita nyanga, ndi mtima waliuma uli ngati kupembedza milungu yachabe ndi maula.”​—1 Samueli 15:22, 23.

Tilitu ndi mwayi waukulu zedi wogwira nawo ntchito yapadziko lonse yolalikira Ufumu ndi kupanga ophunzira. Pamene tikupereka nsembe ya kwa Yehova ‘mawu a milomo yathu ngati ng’ombe,’ tiyenera kuchita zonse zimene tingathe kumvera malangizo omwe amatipatsa m’Mawu ake olembedwa komanso kudzera m’gulu lake la padziko lapansi.​—Hoseya 14:2; Ahebri 13:15.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Chithunzi patsamba 23]

Mfumu yoyamba ya Israyeli inasintha kuchoka pa wolamulira wofatsa ndi wodzichepetsa, n’kukhala mfumu yonyada ndi yodzikuza

[Chithunzi patsamba 24]

Kodi tingakhale otsimikiza za chiyani pamene tikulimbana ndi adani ofanana ndi Goliati?