Mbiri ya Moyo Wanga

Ndine Wamphamvu Ngakhale Ndili Wofooka

YOSIMBIDWA NDI LEOPOLD ENGLEITNER

Msilikali wamkulu wa gulu la SS anatenga mfuti yake n’kuigunditsa m’mutu mwanga mondiloza nayo, amvekere: “Imfa ija ndi imeneyi, wakonzeka? Ndikukuwombera chifukwa choti ndiwe chimunthu chokanikiratu.” Mosasonyeza mantha ndinayankha kuti: “Inde ndakonzeka.” Ndinadzilimbitsa mtima, n’kutsinzina, n’kumadikira kuti andiwombere. Koma sanachite chilichonse. M’malomwake anakalipa, amvekere: “Iwe ndiye chitsiru chotheratu, moti ngakhale imfa siyokuyenera ayi.” Ndiyeno anachotsa mfutiyo. Kodi zinatani kuti moyo wanga ukhale pachiswe motere?

NDINABADWA pa July 23, 1905, m’tauni ya Aigen-Voglhub, yomwe ili m’dera la mapiri a Alps ku Austria. Ndinali mwana wamwamuna woyamba kubadwa ndipo bambo anga ankagwira ntchito yocheka matabwa. Mayi anga makolo awo anali alimi. Makolo angawa anali anthu osauka koma akhama pantchito. Ndinakulira ku Bad Ischl, kufupi ndi mzinda wa Salzburg, ndipo derali lili m’chigawo cha nyanja ndiponso mapiri okongola motenga mtima.

Ndili mwana ndinkakonda kuganizira kwambiri za mavuto a m’moyo, osati chifukwa choti kwathu tinali amphawi chabe ayi, komanso chifukwa choti ndili ndi nundu pamsana. Motero, chifukwa cha ululu wa msanawo ndinkalephera kuima chilili bwinobwino. Kusukulu anandiletsa kuchita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi, motero anzanga a m’kalasi ankangokhalira kundiseka.

Mmene nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse inkatha, nditangotsala pang’ono kukwanitsa zaka 14, ndinaganiza zoyamba ntchito kuti ndithetse umphawi wanga. Nthawi zonse njala inkandipweteka kwambiri, ndipo ndinali wofooka chifukwa cha matenda a fuluwenza, amene anapha anthu ochuluka zedi. Ndikamafunsira ntchito, alimi ambiri ankangondiuza kuti: “Kamunthu  konyentchera ngati iwe ungatigwirire ntchito yanji pano?” Komabe, mlimi wina wokoma mtima anandilemba ntchito.

Ndinasangalala Kuphunzira za Chikondi cha Mulungu

Ngakhale kuti mayi anali Mkatolika wolimba, ineyo sindinkapitapita kutchalitchi, makamaka chifukwa choti bambo anga analibe nazo ntchito kwenikweni za chipembedzo. Sindinkasangalala ngakhale pang’ono ndi khalidwe lolambira mafano, lomwe linali lofala kwambiri m’tchalitchi cha Roma Katolika.

Tsiku lina mu October 1931, mnzanga anandipempha kuti ndim’perekeze kumsonkhano wachipembedzo wa Mboni za Yehova, zomwe panthawiyo zinkadziwika ndi dzina loti Ophunzira Baibulo. Kumeneko, anandiyankha ndi Baibulo mafunso ofunika kwambiri monga funso lakuti: Kodi Mulungu amasangalala ndi kulambira mafano? (Eksodo 20:4, 5) Kodi n’zoonadi kuti kuli helo wokhala ndi moto? (Mlaliki 9:5) Kodi akufa adzaukitsidwa?​—Yohane 5:28, 29.

Mfundo imene inandichititsa chidwi kwambiri inali yakuti, ngakhale anthu atamanena kuti akumenya nkhondo m’dzina la Mulungu, Mulunguyo sagwirizana ndi nkhondo zawo zophetsa anthu ambirimbirizi. Ndinaphunzira kuti “Mulungu ndiye chikondi” ndiponso kuti ali ndi dzina lokwezeka, lakuti Yehova. (1 Yohane 4:8; Salmo 83:18) Ndinasangalala kwambiri kudziwa kuti kudzera mwa Ufumu wa Yehova, anthu adzatha kukhala ndi moyo wosatha m’paradaiso wa padziko lonse mosangalala. Ndinaphunziranso za chiyembekezo chosangalatsa choti anthu ena opanda ungwiro anaitanidwa ndi Mulungu kuti akalamulire pamodzi ndi Yesu mu Ufumu wakumwamba wa Mulungu. Ndinali wokonzeka kuchita chilichonse chotheka kuti ndidzakhale mu Ufumu umenewu. Motero m’mwezi wa May, mu 1932, ndinabatizidwa ndipo ndinakhala wa Mboni za Yehova. Kuti ndifike pobatizidwa chonchi ndinafunika kulimba mtima, poganizira kuti panthawiyi anthu a zipembedzo zina ankadedwa chifukwa dziko la Austria linali lachikatolika kwambiri.

Kundinyoza Ndiponso Kundizunza

Makolo anga anakwiya kwambiri nditasiya tchalitchi cha Katolika, ndipo abusa sanachedwe kulengeza nkhaniyi ku tchalitchi. Posonyeza kundinyoza, anthu okhala moyandikana nafe ankalavula mate akandiona. Komabe, ndinali wofunitsitsa kukhala mtumiki wa nthawi zonse, ndipo ndinayamba upainiya mu January 1934.

Zinthu zinapitirira kuipa pankhani ya ndale chifukwa choti chipani cha Nazi chinayamba kudya moto kwambiri m’chigawo chathu. Panthawi imene ndinkachita upainiya m’chigawo cha Styria ku chigwa cha mtsinje wa Enns, apolisi anali kundilondalonda nthawi zonse, motero ndinkachita zinthu ‘mochenjera monga njoka.’ (Mateyu 10:16) Kuchokera 1934 mpaka 1938, kuzunzidwa kunangosanduka mbali ya moyo wanga wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Ngakhale kuti sindinali pantchito, aboma anakana kumandipatsa chithandizo choperekedwa kwa malova, ndipo chifukwa cholalikira, anandimangapo maulendo angapo omwe ndinakhala m’ndende kwa nthawi yochepa, komanso maulendo ena anayi omwe ndinakhala m’ndende kwa nthawi yaitali.

Asilikali a Hitler Alanda Dziko la Austria

Mu March 1938, asilikali a Hitler analowerera m’dziko la Austria. Pamasiku ochepa chabe, pafupifupi anthu awiri pa anthu 100 aliwonse aakulu, kapena kuti anthu oposa 90,000, anamangidwa n’kuwatumiza ku ndende zosiyanasiyana ndiponso ku ndende zozunzirako anthu, ati chifukwa choti ankatsutsa boma la chipani cha Nazi. Mboni za Yehova zinali zitakonzekera ndithu mavuto a m’tsogolo. M’nyengo ya chilimwe ya mu 1937, anthu angapo a mumpingo wa kwathu anayenda panjinga ulendo wa makilomita 350 n’kukafika ku Prague, kuti akakhale nawo pa msonkhano wa mayiko. Kumeneko anakamva za mmene abale athu ankazunzidwira ku Germany. Zinali zoonekeratu kuti nthawi yoti nafenso tizunzike yafika.

Asilikali a Hitler atangolanda dziko la Austria, Mboni za Yehova zinayamba kusonkhana ndiponso kulalikira mobisa. Ngakhale kuti mabuku ofotokoza Baibulo ankalowa m’dzikoli mochita kuzembetsa podutsa malire a dziko la Switzerland, koma sikuti anali okwanira aliyense. Motero Akristu anzathu a mumzinda wa Vienna ankakonza mabuku oterewa mwachinsinsi. Nthawi zambiri ineyo ndinkathandiza kutenga mabukuwa n’kumakapatsa abale.

 Kupita Kundende Yozunzirako Anthu

Pa April 4, 1939, ineyo pamodzi ndi Akristu anzanga atatu tinamangidwa ndi asilikali a gulu la Gestapo tikuchita Chikumbutso cha imfa ya Kristu ku Bad Ischl. Tonse anatitenga pagalimoto kupita nafe ku likulu la polisi ku Linz. Aka kanali koyamba kulawa kukwerako galimoto, komano chifukwa cha maganizo, ulendowu sindinaumve kukoma ayi. Ku Linz, anandifunsa mafunso kambirimbiri ndipo ankatero mondizunza kwambiri, komabe sindinasiye chikhulupiriro changa. Patatha miyezi isanu, anandipititsa kokandizenga mlandu ku Upper Austria. Mosayembekezeka, mlandu wanga uja unatha, koma mavuto anga sanathere pamenepa ayi. Panthawiyi, Akristu ena atatu aja anawatumiza kundende zozunzirako anthu komwe anakamwalira ali okhulupirikabe.

Ndinakhalabe m’ndende, ndipo pa October 5, 1939, anandiuza kuti andisamutsira ku ndende yozunzirako anthu ya Buchenwald ku Germany. Sitima yapadera inali kutidikirira akaidife pa siteshoni ya sitima zapamtunda ku Linz. Mabogi a sitimayo anali ndi maselo okhalamo anthu awiri. Mkulu amene anamuika selo imodzi ndi ine anali bwanamkubwa wakale wa chigawo cha Upper Austria, dzina lake Dr. Heinrich Gleissner.

Tinayamba kucheza ndipo tinakambirana nkhani zochititsa chidwi. Iye anachitadi chidwi kwambiri ndi nkhani yokhudza mavuto amene ndinali kukumana nawo ndipo zinamuwawa kwambiri kumva kuti ngakhale pamene iyeyo anali bwanamkubwa, m’chigawo chake Mboni za Yehova zinavutitsidwa kwambiri ndi aboma. Poipidwa ndi zimenezi iye anati: “Bambo Engleitner, madzi akataika sawoleka, koma ineyo ndingokupepesani basi, pepani ndithu. Zikuoneka kuti boma lathu silinachite zinthu mwachilungamo. Ngati mutadzafuna thandizo linalake m’tsogolo muno, ineyo ndidzachita zotheka kukuthandizani.” Nkhondo itatha tinadzakumananso. Iyeyu anandithandiza kulandira malipiro a penshoni a anthu omwe anazunzidwa ndi chipani cha Nazi.

“Ndikuwombera”

Pa October 9, 1939, ndinafika ku ndende yozunzirako anthu ya Buchenwald. Posakhalitsa, wolondera ndendeyo anauzidwa kuti pa gulu la akaidi tabwerafe pali wina wa Mboni, motero nthawi zonse maso ake anali pa ine. Ankandimenya mopanda chisoni. Kenaka ataona kuti satha kundisiyitsa chikhulupiriro changa, iye anati: “Iweyo ndikuwombera. Koma ndisanatero, ndikulola kuti ulembe kaye kalata yotsanzikana ndi makolo ako.” Ndinaganizira za mawu owalimbikitsa makolo anga, koma ndikati ndilembe, iyeyo amandigunyuza, motero amangondikhwatchitsa pepalalo. Ndiye anayamba kundiseka amvekere: “Ichi ndiye n’chitsiru, chitsiru! Chikungolemba ngati papalasa nkhuku. Koma Baibulo lokha ndiye sichingasiye kuwerenga ayi!”

Kenaka mkuluyu anatulutsa mfuti, n’kuigunditsa m’mutu mwanga mondiloza nayo, moti ineyo ndinkangoti andiwombera, monga mmene ndanenera kumayambiriro kwa nkhani ino. Kenaka anandikankhira m’kaselo kakang’ono komwe munali anthu ambirimbiri. Motero, usiku wonsewo  ndinangokhala chilili basi. Mulimonsemo sikuti ndikanathabe kugona ayi, chifukwa thupi langa lonse linali kutukutira ndi ululu. M’malo mondilimbikitsa anzanga m’selomo ankangoti: “Koma ndiye mufera zoziziratu, nanga n’zoona ndithu kufera chipembedzo chopusa ngati chimenechi!” Dr. Gleissner anali m’selo yotsatira ndipo anamva zimene zachitikazo motero ananena chapansipansi kuti: “Koma ndiyetu zozunza Akristuzi zafikanso poipa eti!”

M’nyengo ya chilimwe mu 1940, akaidi onse anauzidwa kuti Lamlungu akapezeke ku malo oswera miyala, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri sitinkagwira ntchito Lamlungu. Izi zinachitika pofuna kutikhaulitsa chifukwa choti ati akaidi ena anachita zopulupudza. Anatiuza kuti tinyamule miyala ikuluikulu kuchokera koswera miyalako n’kupita nayo kundende. Ndiyeno akaidi ena awiri ankafuna kundisenzetsa chimwala chachikulu, ndipo pang’onong’ono n’kanagwa nacho. Koma mosayembekezereka, Arthur Rödl, yemwe anali woyang’anira ndende woopedwa kwabasi, anandipulumutsa. Ataona kuti ndikulephera kuunyamula, anandiuza kuti: “Ukasenza chimwala chimenechi, sukafika kundende kuja uli moyo. Tiye, chitule!” Mumtimamu ndinangoti zikomo, mwandipulumutsa. Kenaka iye anandilozera mwala wina waung’ono kwambiri, n’kundiuza kuti: “Katenge mwala uwo, upite nawo kundende. Umenewo suvutika kuunyamula.” Kenaka anauza amene ankatiyang’anira kuti: “Ophunzira Baibulowa azibwerera m’maselo awo. Agwira ntchito kokwanira lero.”

Tsiku lililonse tikaweruka kuntchito, ndinkasangalala kucheza ndi banja langa lauzimu. Tinali ndi njira yogawirana chakudya chauzimu. Mbale wina ankalemba vesi inayake ya m’Baibulo pa kapepala ndipo kenaka tinkapatsirana kapepalako. M’ndendeyi tinalinso ndi Baibulo lomwe tinalilowetsamo mozemba. Analiphwatula kuti buku lililonse likhale palokha. Kwa miyezi itatu ineyo ndinkasunga buku la Yobu. Ndinkalibisa m’sokosi. Nkhani ya Yobu inandithandiza kukhala wolimba pa chikhulupiriro.

Mapeto ake pa March 7, 1941, ndinali m’gulu la anthu ambirimbiri amene anawasamutsira ku ndende yozunzirako anthu ya ku Niederhagen. Tsiku lililonse thanzi langa linali kuipiraipira. Tsiku lina, ineyo ndi abale ena awiri anatiuza kuti tilongedze m’mabokosi zida zogwirira ntchito. Kenaka tinabwerera pamodzi ndi akaidi ena kumaselo. Msilikali wina wa SS anaona kuti ndikutsalira. Ndiye anapsa mtima kwambiri, motero ineyo ndisakuyembekezera, anandimenya theche kumbuyoku ngati kuti akukung’untha chithumba, ndipo anandivulaza kwambiri. Ndinamva ululu wosaneneka, komabe mawa lake ndinapita kuntchito.

Kumasulidwa Mosayembekezereka

Mu April 1943, anthu onse anasamukako ku ndende ya Niederhagen. Ineyo anandisamutsira ku ndende yonyongera anthu ku Ravensbrück. Ndiyeno mu June 1943, mosayembekezereka anandiuza kuti angathe kunditulutsa m’ndendeyo. Panthawiyi anandiuza kuti sakufuna kuti ndisiye  kaye chikhulupiriro changa kuti anditulutse. Koma anati akungofuna kuti ndivomereze kuti, kwa moyo wanga wonse, ndizikagwira ntchito yosalipidwa pa famu inayake. Ndinavomera kutero kuti ndisiyane nawo mavuto a ku ndendeko. Kenaka ndinakaonana ndi dokotala wa pa ndendepo kuti akandiyeze komaliza. Dokotalayo anadabwa kwambiri pondiona. Motero iye anati: “Munthu iwe, udakali wa Mboni za Yehova?” Ndiye ndinamuyankha kuti, “Inde, adokotala.” Kenaka anati: “Aa, ndiyetu palibe chifukwa choti tikumasulire. Komabe, mwina ndibwino kutero kuti kamunthu kosanzitsa ngati iwe utichokere.”

Koma ndiyetu amanenadi zoona. Chifukwa apa n’kuti munthune nditatheratu. Khungu langa linali litadyekadyeka ndi nsabwe, ndinagontha khutu limodzi chifukwa chomenyedwa, ndipo zilonda zamafinya zinangoti waa thupi lonse. Apa n’kuti nditatha zaka zitatu ndi miyezi khumi, ndili pamavuto adzaoneni, ndikufa ndi njala, ndiponso ndikugwira ntchito ya kalavulagaga. Motero ndinawonda kwambiri moti ndinkalemera makilogalamu 28 okha basi. Umu ndi mmene ndinalili pamene ankanditulutsa ku ndende ya Ravensbrück, pa July 15, 1943.

Anandikweza sitima yopita kwathu popanda msilikali wondiperekeza, ndipo ndinakaonekera ku likulu la asilikali a Gestapo ku Linz. Msilikali wa Gestapo anandipatsa mapepala otulukira m’ndende n’kundichenjeza kuti: “Ngati ukuganiza kuti takutulutsa n’cholinga choti ukapitirize ntchito yako yobisayo, ukudzinamiza bwanawe! Tikadzangokugwira ukulalikira, mbambadi udzachilapa.”

Ndinafika kunyumba, ngati kutulo ndithu! Mayi anga sanasunthe china chilichonse m’chipinda changa, chimangidwireni ine nthawi yoyamba ija, pa April 4, 1939. Ngakhale Baibulo langa linali likadali pamphepete pa bedi langa, lili chitsegulire. Ndinagwada n’kupemphera mochoka pansi pamtima, pothokoza.

Posakhalitsa anandipatsa ntchito pa famu ina ya kumapiri. Mwini famuyo, yemwe anali mnzanga tili ana, ankandilipira ndalama pang’ono, ngakhale kuti sankafunika kundilipira. Nkhondo ija isanayambe, mnzangayu anandiloleza kubisa mabuku ofotokoza Baibulo pa famu pakepo. Tsopano ndinali wosangalala kwambiri kugwiritsira ntchito mabuku amenewa kudzilimbitsa mwauzimu. Ndinapeza zonse zimene ndinali kufunikira, ndipo ndinatsimikiza mtima kupitiriza kugwira ntchito pa famupo mpaka nkhondo idzathe.

Kukabisala Kumapiri

Komabe, ufuluwu unali wa kanthawi kochepa chabe. Cha m’kati mwa mwezi wa August mu 1943, anandiuza kuti ndipite kwa dotokola wina wa asilikali kuti akandiyeze. Poyamba dokotalayo ananena kuti sindinali woyenera kukamenya nkhondo m’gulu la asilikali chifukwa choti msana wanga sunali bwino. Komano, patangotha mlungu umodzi, dokotala yemweyo anasintha zimene anapeza zija n’kulemba kuti: “Munthu ameneyu angathe kukamenya nkhondo bwinobwino m’gulu la asilikali okhala kutsogolo.” Asilikali anakhala akundifunafuna kwa kanthawi ndipo pa April 17, 1945, nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse itangotsala pang’ono kutha, iwo anandipeza. Ndiyeno anandilemba dzina m’gulu la asilikali okhala kutsogolo pa nkhondo.

Ndinatenga tizovala, kachakudya ndi Baibulo n’kukabisala m’mapiri a kufupi ndi kwathu. Poyamba ndinkatha kugona panja bwinobwino, koma kenaka kunja kunayamba kuzizira kwambiri, ndipo kunagwa mvula yochuluka motero ndinanyoweratu. Ndinafika pa kanyumba kenakake ka kuphiri komwe kanali pamtunda kwambiri. Ndinali njenjenje chifukwa chozizidwa ndipo ndinayatsa moto n’kumawotha kwinakunso ndikuumitsa zovala zanga. Chifukwa chotopa, ndinagona pa benchi, pafupi ndi motowo. Posakhalitsa ndinadzidzimuka chifukwa cha ululu wolapitsa. Zovala zanga zinagwira moto. Ndinayamba kudzigudubuza pansi pozimitsa motowo. Komabe matuza a moto anangoti waa ku msana konse.

 Ngakhale kuti ndikanatha kugwidwa mosavuta, ndinabwerera ku famu ya kumapiri ija kukali mbuu, koma nditafika mkazi wa mwini famu uja anachita mantha kwambiri moti anandibweza, n’kundiuza kuti pali anthu amene atumidwa kuti andifunefune. Motero ndinapita kwa makolo anga. Poyamba, ngakhale makolo anga anachita kaye jegaa, koma kenaka anandilola kugona m’chisakasa chosungiramo udzu wa ziweto, ndipo mayi ndiwo ankandidwazika. Komabe, patatha masiku awiri, ndinaona kuti makolo anga mtima suli m’malo m’pang’ono pomwe motero ndinaganiza kuti ndibwino kuti ndingobwerera kumapiri kuja.

Pa May 5, 1945, chiphokoso chachikulu chinandidzidzimutsa ndili mtulo. Kenaka ndinaona ndege za mayiko amene ankamenyana ndi dziko la Germany zikuuluka m’munsi ndithu. Basi, ndinadziwa kuti ulamuliro wa Hitler wathetsedwa. Mzimu wa Yehova unandilimbikitsa kupirira masautso osasimbika. Ndinaona kuti mawu a pa Salmo 55:22 n’ngoonadi, ndipo mawu amenewa anandilimbikitsa kwambiri panthawi imene masautso angawa ankayamba. ‘Ndinam’senza Yehova nkhawa zanga,’ ndipo ngakhale kuti thupi langa linali lofooka, iye anakhala nane pamene ndinali kuyenda “m’chigwa cha mthunzi wa imfa.”​—Salmo 23:4.

Mphamvu za Yehova ‘Zinakhala Zangwiro M’kufooka’

Nkhondo itatha, pang’onopang’ono zinthu zinayamba kubwerera mwakale. Poyamba, ndinkagwira ntchito pa famu ya ku mapiri ya mnzanga uja. Koma mu April, 1946, m’pamene asilikali a dziko la United States analamula kuti chilango choti ndigwire ntchito yolima mosalipidwa kwa moyo wanga wonse chithe.

Nkhondoyo itatha, abale achikristu ku Bad Ischl ndiponso zigawo zina zozungulira derali anayamba kuchita misonkhano mokhazikika. Iwo anayambanso kulalikira mwakhama. Ndinapeza ntchito yolondera usiku pa fakitale inayake motero ndinatha kupitiriza upainiya. Patapita nthawi, ndinakakhazikika m’dera la St. Wolfgang, ndipo mu 1949, ndinakwatira Theresia Kurz, yemwe anali kale ndi mwana wamkazi chifukwa anali atakwatiwapo. Tinakhala limodzi kwa zaka 32 mpaka pamene mkazi wanga wokondedwayu anamwalira mu 1981. Apa n’kuti nditamudwazika kwa zaka zoposa seveni.

Mkazi wangayu atamwalira, ndinayambiranso upainiya, ndipo zimenezi zinandithandiza kuchepetsa ululu wa imfa yake. Pakali panopo ndine mpainiya ndiponso mkulu mu mpingo wa ku Bad Ischl. Popeza kuti panopo ndimayenda pa njinga ya olumala, ndimagawira anthu mabuku ofotokoza za Baibulo ndiponso ndimakambirana nawo za chiyembekezo cha Ufumu ku malo enaake opumirako a ku Bad Ischl kapenanso pafupi ndi nyumba yanga. Kukambirana ndi anthuwa za m’Baibulo kumandipatsa chimwemwe chosaneneka.

Kunena zoona, ineyo ndikaganizira za m’mbuyomo ndimaona kuti mavuto onse amene ndakhala ndikukumana nawo sanandichititse kukhala munthu woipidwa ayi. N’zoona kuti nthawi zina maganizo ankandidwalitsa chifukwa cha ziyesozo. Komabe, kugwirizana kwambiri ndi Yehova Mulungu kunandithandiza kupirira panthawi zovuta zoterezi. Mawu a Ambuye olimbikitsa Paulo, anandilimbikitsanso ineyo pamoyo wanga. Mawu ake ndi akuti: “Mphamvu yanga imakhala yangwiro mu kufooka.” Tsopano, ndili ndi zaka pafupifupi 100 ndipo ndimavomerezana ndi mtumwi Paulo kuti: “Pa chifukwa cha Khristu, ndimakondwera mu zofooka, muminyozo, muzowawa, mumazunzo, ndi mumavuto. Pakuti pamene ndiri wofooka ndiye kuti ndiri wamphamvu.”​—2 Akorinto 12:9, 10, Chipangano Chatsopano mu Chichewa cha Lero.

[Zithunzi patsamba 25]

Nditamangidwa ndi asilikali a Gestapo, mu April 1939

Chikalata cha a Gestapo mu May 1939, chosonyeza milandu imene amandiimba

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Both images: Privatarchiv; B. Rammerstorfer

[Chithunzi patsamba 26]

Ndinabisala m’mapiri awa a kufupi ndi kwathu

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 23]

Foto Hofer, Bad Ischl, Austria